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Biomedical subjects

G Meuret

Publications and source records attributed to G Meuret.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Monocytopoiesis in malignant melanoma: untreated, during immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy.

Monocytopoiesis and blood monocytes were investigated in patients with superficial spreading melanoma stages I and II. Monocyte production was moderately increased in 4 of 9 untreated patients. Postoperative prophylactic BCG-vaccination gave rise to increased proliferation activity in 3 of 4 patients with previously normal monocytopoiesis. However, monocyte production returned to normal between the 4th and 6th month of BCG immunotherapy. Monocytopoietic hyperproliferation did not occur if DTIC was administered simultaneously with BCG. These results indicate that BCG-vaccination increases monocytopoiesis during the first months of treatment only. This effect is abrogated by concomitant chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Histiocytosis X in 9 children: clinical aspects and laboratory evaluations including an analysis of monocytopoiesis.

Nine children with histiocytosis X were observed. The course of the disease largely depended upon the degree of dissemination at the time of diagnosis. Bone and skin involvement healed completely with a relatively simple therapy using prednisone in combination either with vincristine or vinblastine. Complete or long lasting partial remissions could be achieved up to involvement of 4 organs. Three patients demonstrating histiocyte infiltrations in 5 organs died. They all were less than 2 years of age. Hyperproliferation of monocytopoiesis was present in all patients manifesting itself by a rise in the fraction of mononuclear phagocytes in bone marrow. This variation was paralleled by monocytosis in the peripheral blood in 5 of 7 cases. Serum muramidase levels were increased in 5 of 6 patients. However, there was no clearcut correlation to the degree of disease dissemination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Proliferative activity and bacteriostatic capacity of human alveolar macrophages (proceedings)].

Human alveolar macrophages were collected by bronchopulmonary lavage and their proliferation activity and bacteriostatic capacity determined in vitro. Compared with blood monocytes the alveolar macrophages show a higher degree of differentiation with a very high bacteriostatic capacity and no proliferation acitivity. There were no major differences between alveolar macrophages from healthy individuals, heavy smokers and patients with bronchogenic cancer.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Monocyte production in Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Monocytopoietic proliferation activity was investigated in patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease, Hodgkin's disease in long-term complete remission, and untreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma type. Untreated Hodgkin's disease was found to be associated with a rise in medullary monocyte production which returned to normal during long-term complete remissions. In contrast, monocyte production was increased in only 5 out of 14 patients with lymphosarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma, normal in 3, and reduced in 6. In neither of these lymphomas was any relation between monocyte production and stage or histology of the disease detectable.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1978

Early stage of fulminant idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis cured by intense combination therapy using cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone.

A 19-year-old patient was treated who developed a life-threatening pulmonary insufficiency after having suffered from a flu-like illness for 13 days. Lung biopsy revealed an early stage of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chemotherapy by prednisone alone proved ineffective. A combination of prednisone and massive doses of cyclophosphamide and vincristine, however, was effective in halting the rapid progression of the disease. The patient recovered gradually; the results of the pulmonary function tests were close to normal 2 weeks after the onset of therapy. Lung biopsy showed normal lung histology 7 months later. The patient has had no complaints at all for more than 3 years after the episode so that we may assume that he recovered fully.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Macrophage turnover in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Monocytopoietic proliferation activity was determined in 8 patients during severe attacks of Crohn's disease and in 6 patients with ulcerative colitis. Similar results were obtained in both groups of patients. A moderate but significant hyperproliferation of monocytopoiesis was found to be present in about half of the patients, and with some of the remainder of cases, part of the criteria for hyperproliferation were also fulfilled. This indicates that Crohn's disease as well as ulcerative colitis are frequently associated with moderate overproduction of monocytes which may be assumed to be induced by macrophage demand of the affected tissues. In comparison with other diseases involving inflammations, the monocytopoietic hyperproliferation was moderate. Therefore, the inflammation in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis seems to be characterized by a relatively low macrophage turnover induced by pathogenetic mechanisms of moderate macrophage toxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Osteomyelofibrosis syndrome 33 years after thorotrast angiography].

33 years after carotid arteriography with thorotrast a 69-year-old patient died from osteomyelofibrosis with severe hematopoietic hypoplasia and myeloid metaplasia detected in liver, lymph nodes, kidney and epicardium. Twenty years before death he underwent "prophylactic" splenectomy; histologically the spleen merely showed hypoplasia, fibrosis and deposits of thorotrast. It is assumed that the osteomyelofibrosis syndrome is a specific complication of thorotrast application which has only rarely been described in the past. This suggestion is supported by observations suggesting that osteomyelofibrosis syndrome may be induced by radiation and by the fact that thorotrast gives rise to foreign body reactions associated with subsequent severe fibrosis. The development of myeloid metaplasia is assumed to be secondary to chronic hematopoietic insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Heart size and left ventricular function in coronary artery disease: I. Heart size, exercise tolerance, cardiac output and filling pressures (author's transl)].

The possible relationship between the cardiac volume, as determined radiologically in the supine position in 119 patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease, and the results of ergometry and balloon catheterization was investigated. There was no relationship between the heart size on the one side and the maximum exercise tolerance and the maximum cardiac output on the other, except for the fact, that these parameters tended to decrease with increasing heart size. This was especially true in patients with angina. The maximum cardiac output of patients with angina was always below the value of patients without angina but comparable heart size. Reduced cardiac output under exercise (exertional cardiac insufficiency) was present in 50% of patients with enlarged hearts but already in 22% of patients with heart volumes in the lower range of normal. The diastolic pulmonary artery pressure, determined under exercise, was the only parameter with a significant relationship to the heart size: The larger the heart size, the higher the diastolic pulmonary artery pressure. On the other hand: the diastolic pulmonary artery pressure at rest was abnormal with significant frequency only, when the heart was enlarged. Our data suggest, that the hemodynamics are determined by 2 factors: Myocardial scarring secondary to infarction and coronary insufficiency (ischemia). Of these two factors only the former influences cardiac size. Therefore, determination of the heart volume helps evaluating the respective role of these two factors in individual cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Heart size and left ventricular function in coronary artery disease. II. Heart volume, coronary morphology and laevocardiogram (author's transl)].

We have investigated the possible relationship between the radiogically determined cardiac volume and the coronary angiogram and laevocardiogram. There was no relationship between cardiac size and coronary angiogram. Independently from the number of coronary vessels involved, we found normal sized hearts in patients without ECG-evidence of myocardial infarction, and enlarged hearts in patients with ECG-evidence of myocardial infarction. There was a significant, though loose relationship between the cardiac volume and the endsystolic and enddiastolic volumes (r=0.73 and 0.55 respectively) and the ejection fraction (r=0.69) as determined by laevocardiography. The critical value of the cardiac size, about which one encounters an increased number of abnormal volume parameters, was the upper boundary of 1-SD. Using this value we found a specifity of 81% and a sensitivity of 74% for the heart volume as a predictor of a pathological ejection fraction. On the other hand, using the upper boundary of 2-SD as a critical value, there was a sensitivity of only 58%, but a specificity of 92%. Only 11% of the patients with a cardiac size in the lower range of normal or below had an ejection fraction below 50%. Therefore the radiologically determined heart size is a simple, in daily practive acceptable method to assess and follow up left ventricular function in coronary patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Determination of the bacteriostatic capacity of neutrophils and monocytes in mixed cell populations.

Cline [1, 2] described a method of determining the phagocytic and bacteriostatic activity of individual types of leukocytes within mixed cell populations. We tried to improve the applicability of this method for the investigation of clinical problems.--Bacteria in the log-phase of growth were incubated in test tubes with leukocytes separated from venous blood. After a short period of phagocytosis 3H-thymidine was added to label DNA-synthesizing organisms. Smears were prepared and processed by autoradiography. The labeling indices of extracellular bacteria and of those phagocytized by neutrophils and monocytes were determined microscopically. The intracellular inhibition of DNA-synthesis was taken as indicative of the bacteriostatic activity of the leukocytes. The proposed modification of Cline's assay is suited to investigate clinical problems of phagocyte dysfunction.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1977

Neutrophil marrow egress in polycythemia vera.

Neutrophil marrow egress was examined in 6 polycythemia vera patients using 3H-thymidine (3H-TDR) pulse labeling. The granulocytopoietic proliferation activity ranged between moderate depression (1420 neutrophils per mul blood) and marked enhancement (22470 neutrophils per mul blood). Egress characteristics did not significantly deviate from the ones found in subjects with normal granulocytopoietic proliferation activity. Shortest cell sojourn in the medullar nonproliferating granulocytopoietic pool before cell transit into the blood, i.e. "neutrophil emergence time", ranged between 67-102 h (median 76 h). After this time interval labeled band and segmented neutrophils simultaneously appeared in the peripheral blood. However, during the early influx phase of labeled neutrophils labeling indices of band forms increased more rapidly than that of segmented forms. In segmented forms the initial curve increment followed approximately an exponential function. Labeling indices doubled in 10-13.5 h with remarkably small variance in the different disease states examined. The results indicate that the main factors influencing neutrophil marrow egress, i.e. maturation of granulocytopoietic cells, structure of marrow sinusoids and control mechanisms, function normally in polycythemia vera.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Monocyte recruitment in tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.

Monocytopoiesis and blood monocytes were investigated in nine patients with active tuberculosis and in six patients with active sarcoidosis in order to obtain information on monocyte consumption in these two types of granuloma. All patients with tuberculosis demonstrated a marked increase in proliferation activity of monocytopoiesis and premature monocyte marrow release. These changes indicate a high monocyte consumption which probably is caused by a high macrophage death rate due to the high macrophage-toxicity of tubercle bacilli. Thus, tuberculous lesions are an example of a "high turnover granuloma". In sarcoidosis monocytopoiesis showed no significant deviations from the normal. This indicates a low macrophage turnover or "low turnover granuloma". Thus, any hypothetical agent assumed to be involved in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis would have to possess low macrophage-toxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Transferrin-immune complex disease.

A 71-year-old woman showed a highly unusual pattern of iron distribution in the organism which was associated with iron overload. The hallmark of this disease was an extreme hypersiderinemia, the serum iron reaching about 800 mug/100 ml. There was a pigment cirrhosis of the liver, bronzed skin containing hemosiderin, and diabetes mellitus. Paradoxically, hemosiderin was not detectable in bone marrow macrophages, sideroblasts and erythrocytes were reduced, and there was a decrease in radioiron utilization of erythropoiesis, thus indicating insufficient iron supply. The pathogenesis of this disorder based on the formation of an autoantibody with specificity for transferrin thus producing a circulating immune complex which bound the majority of serum iron. Immunosuppression achieved a partial remission including a recovery of the patient's general state, a rise in free transferrin, a decrease in serum iron, disappearance of hemosiderin in the liver, and a rise in erythrocyte production.

Aged↗