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Biomedical subjects

G Moody

Publications and source records attributed to G Moody.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Inhibition of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 reduces food intake and weight gain but maintains energy expenditure in diet-induced obese mice.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-1 inhibitor BVT.2733 lowers blood glucose and insulin in mutant mouse models of obesity and diabetes. Its effects on energy balance and body composition, and their contribution to improved glucose homeostasis have received little attention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BVT.2733 (100 mg/kg, orally) was given twice daily to lean and diet-induced obese mice for 16 or 17 days. A group of obese mice was pair-fed to the amounts consumed by BVT.2733-treated mice. RESULTS: In both obese and lean mice, BVT.2733 reduced food intake and weight gain, but increased water intake. Pair-feeding caused almost as great a decrease in body weight as BVT.2733. Energy expenditure was 38+/-8% higher in the BVT.2733-treated obese mice than in the pair-fed mice. Terminal plasma corticosterone was raised, lean body weight reduced and percentage fat unchanged in the pair-fed mice (control, 47.8+/-2.6%; pair-fed, 47.1+/-1.9%), whereas BVT.2733 did not reduce lean mass, but did reduce percentage fat (40.9+/-2.0%). BVT.2733 but not pair-feeding reduced both the glucose tolerance AUC and the plasma insulin concentration 30 min after giving glucose. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: BVT.2733 reduced food intake but prevented a concomitant reduction in lean body mass and energy expenditure. The latter effects may have contributed to improved glucose tolerance.

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1↗
PubMed2002

Systematic comparison of different algorithms for apnoea detection based on electrocardiogram recordings.

Sleep apnoea is a common disorder that is usually diagnosed through expensive studies conducted in sleep laboratories. Sleep apnoea is accompanied by a characteristic cyclic variation in heart rate or other changes in the waveform of the electrocardiogram (ECG). If sleep apnoea could be diagnosed using only the ECG, it could be possible to diagnose sleep apnoea automatically and inexpensively from ECG recordings acquired in the patient's home. This study had two parts. The first was to assess the ability of an overnight ECG recording to distinguish between patients with and without apnoea. The second was to assess whether the ECG could detect apnoea during each minute of the recording. An expert, who used additional physiological signals, assessed each of the recordings for apnoea. Research groups were invited to access data via the world-wide web and submit algorithm results to an international challenge linked to a conference. A training set of 35 recordings was made available for algorithm development, and results from a test set of 35 different recordings were made available for independent scoring. Thirteen algorithms were compared. The best algorithms made use of frequency-domain features to estimate changes in heart rate and the effect of respiration on the ECG waveform. Four of these algorithms achieved perfect scores of 100% in the first part of the study, and two achieved an accuracy of over 90% in the second part of the study.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

An action research approach to the development of a clinical pathway for women requiring Caesarean sections.

An action research framework was utilised to introduce a clinical pathway for women undergoing Caesarean section in the Maternity Unit at Westmead Hospital in 1998-1999. This style of research allowed the development of the clinical pathwayfor women having a Caesarean section to be progressively modified to adapt it to suit the needs of the multidisciplinary team and the clinical environment. The clinical pathway itself became a document that facilitated the education of the women, improving their preparation for discharge, aided the orientation and skill development of new staff and improved the continuity of care by enhancing the multidisciplinary approach to the women's care. It also identified the need for continuing staff education throughout the implementation and evaluation phases.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1999

Social implications of childhood Crohn's disease.

BACKGROUND: Children with Crohn's disease may have an impaired quality of life. METHODS: A validated questionnaire was mailed to the parents of all child members of Crohn's in Childhood Research Association (CICRA) (age range, 5-17 years). It investigated aspects of the quality of life of children with Crohn's disease. Sixty-four questionnaires were returned together with another 35 from those outside the defined age range. Patients in the latter group were not included in the analysis. RESULTS: Of the children investigated, 60% had significant absences from school, with a mean of 3+/-2.8 months' absence in the previous year. Most (53%) thought that their teachers knew nothing about Crohn's disease, and 50% thought that teachers were unsympathetic. Of the 24 who had taken examinations 80% thought they had underachieved because of ill health. Sixty-seven percent of children were unable to participate in sports on a regular basis, 60% felt unable to leave the house, and 50% were unable to play with their friends. Information about Crohn's disease had predominantly come from doctors (89%), information booklets (83%), and nursing staff (42%). The commonest questions asked by the children were: what is Crohn's disease (50%), why me (64%), will it affect my schooling (52%), and will it affect my chances of getting a job (67%). CONCLUSION: Children with Crohn's disease have a significantly impaired quality of life. They fear everyday childhood activities and fear for their future. These children need sympathetic management, and effort should be concentrated on improving their day-to-day existence to enable them to lead as normal a life as possible.

Child↗
PubMed1997

The views of medical students and junior doctors on pre-graduate clinical teaching.

A total of 277 third and fourth year medical students and 304 house officers and senior house officers were asked to prioritise the content and methods of clinical teaching. Response rates were poor, but similar to that in market surveys. Bedside teaching and medical clerking were considered the most valuable methods of teaching and training in practical procedures such as venepunctures and urinary catheterisation was seen as valuable. The design of new curricula in medical education will need to accommodate the views of its clients.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

Sexual dysfunction amongst women with Crohn's disease: a hidden problem.

The sexual problems of 50 women with Crohn's disease, of whom 45 had a stable relationship, were investigated by structured interview and compared with age-matched controls. Twenty-four percent patients had either infrequent or no intercourse compared with 4% of controls (chi 2 = 8.3, p < 0.005). However, amongst patients and controls who were sexually active, the frequency of intercourse was similar. Reasons for sexual inactivity included abdominal pain (24%), diarrhoea (20%) and fear of faecal incontinence (14%). Dyspareunia was common in patients (chi 2 = 6.5, p < 0.01) and this was irrespective of the site of disease (large vs. small bowel chi 2 = 0.85, NS). Women with perianal disease and fistulae were more likely to have dyspareunia than women with neither (chi 2 = 4.2, p < 0.05), although this was not so for less extensive involvement with only perianal disease (chi 2 = 2.8, NS) or fistulae (chi 2 = 0.8, NS). Vaginal candidiasis was more common in patients (chi 2 = 5.8, p < 0.02), and on occasions this may have contributed to dyspareunia. Women with Crohn's disease experience sexual problems much more than healthy controls and they need support, sympathetic investigation and management.

Adult↗