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Biomedical subjects

G Morelli

Publications and source records attributed to G Morelli.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Changes in serum immunoglobulins in allergic rhinitis induced by histamine H2 antagonists].

The authors discuss their double-blind experiments on 40 allergic rhinitis affected patients, aged 15 to 50 years. Twenty were treated with H2 antagonists (Cimetidine) and twenty with placebo. The clinical assessment of the effectiveness of the treatment was carried out on a range of subjective and objective parameters taken before and after treatment. The IgE, IgA, IgG and IgM serum rate was measured. An improvement in the symptomatology was noted in 15 of the 20 Cimetidine treated patients and none in the placebo group. The results have shown a significant percentage decrease in the total serum IgE values after treatment, compared to initial ones, while no significant change was observed in the values of IgA, IgG and IgM. This decrease in IgE is thus a specific class. As it has been demonstrated that a subpopulation of lymphocyte T suppressors acts selectively on IgE producing B cells, the authors believe that only on these elements, carriers of H2 membrane receptors, can Cimetidine act to induce a decrease in total serum IgE levels and therefore a reduction in degranulation processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Characterization and restriction analysis of the P sex factor and the cryptic plasmid of Vibrio cholerae strain V58.

The P plasmid of Vibrio cholerae is a derepressed sex factor restricted to V. cholerae and has been shown to express surface exclusion. We have isolated the plasmids of strain V58 and have found that in addition to P, two further cryptic plasmids are also present. P has a size of 68 kb as determined by both electron microscopy and restriction endonuclease analysis. These other plasmids are 34 and 4.7 kb in size. Restriction maps of P and the larger cryptic plasmid have been determined. It has been demonstrated that P differs from the standard Inc group test plasmids and also expresses a surface exclusion system. The ability of the type Inc plasmids to be transferred to V. cholerae by either liquid or filter matings and the stability of these plasmids in V. cholerae have also been examined.

Conjugation, Genetic↗
PubMed1987

A physical map of the chromosomal region determining O-antigen biosynthesis in Vibrio cholerae O1.

We have previously described the cosmid cloning of the genes determining the biosynthesis of the Inaba and Ogawa O-antigens of the lipopolysaccharides of Vibrio cholerae O1 (Manning et al., 1986). By Southern hybridization analysis of chromosomal and cosmid DNA, and heteroduplex analysis between the clones we have been able to precisely define the region of contiguous chromosomal DNA in the vicinity of the O-antigen-encoding region. These data and comparison of end points of clones and of deletion derivatives demonstrate that at least 16 kb of a 19-kb SstI fragment is required to encode O-antigen biosynthesis. Expression of O-antigen is independent of the orientation of this SstI fragment with respect to cloning vectors suggesting that its regulatory region has been cloned intact. No detectable differences were observed in the restriction patterns of the Inaba and Ogawa coding regions implying that only minor changes are involved when serotype conversion (Inaba to Ogawa or vice versa) occurs. Bhaskaran [Ind. J. Med. Res. 47 (1959) 253-260] originally defined this region associated with O-antigen biosynthesis oag; however, to be consistent with other organisms [Hitchcock et al., J. Bacteriol. 166 (1986) 699-705], it is suggested this be changed to rfb.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

[Bladder instability in patients with prostatic hypertrophy. Urodynamic study].

A urodynamic study was conducted in 37 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy before and five months after transvesical prostatic adenomectomy. Prior to the operation, 17 patients had cystometric signs of unstable bladder which persisted after the operation in only two patients. Normal detrusor function was restored in the other 15 patients. The pathophysiological and clinical aspects of bladder neck obstruction in patients with prostatic hypertrophy are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Clinical experience with ofloxacin (DL 8280) in the therapy of various infections: preliminary report.

Thirteen hospitalized patients with various infections, five with typhoid fever, two with gastroenteritis, four with respiratory tract infection and two with biliary tract infection, were treated with ofloxacin at a daily dosage ranging between 600 and 900 mg orally. 12 patients completely recovered from the infection, and the pathogens were eradicated. Treatment failed in one patient suffering from respiratory tract infection. No side effects were recorded. In these cases ofloxacin can be considered as a safe and effective antimicrobial agent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A reexamination of the O1 lipopolysaccharide antigen group of Escherichia coli.

A total of 64 Escherichia coli strains of the O1 serogroup were tested for the migration pattern of their lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. O1:K1 and O1:K51 strains of the OMP5 outer membrane protein pattern possessed LPS with a doublet pattern (O1A1) or the lowermost band of the O1A1 doublet (O1A2). O1:K1 strains of the OMP9 pattern possessed LPS referred to as O1A, which corresponded to the uppermost band of the O1A1 doublet pattern. A few O1:K? strains possessed LPS of different migration patterns (O1B and O1C). O1A and O1A1 LPS were indistinguishable by chemical techniques, and both reacted with each of 10 different monoclonal antibodies tested. However, O1A1 had an additional epitope within the additional band in each doublet, as demonstrated by adsorption experiments with hyperimmune rabbit sera followed by Western blotting. Furthermore, purified polysaccharide from O1A bacteria was incapable of inhibition in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays performed with O1A1 LPS as antigen and adsorbed, specific anti-O1A1 antibodies, whereas O1A1 polysaccharide inhibited this reaction. O1B and O1C LPS differed in all respects tested, including chemical composition, from O1A and O1A1 LPS.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Genomic organization of the related Bacillus subtilis bacteriophages SPP1, 41c, rho 15, and SF6.

The genomes of the related virulent Bacillus subtilis bacteriophages SPP1, 41c, rho 15, and SF6 are partially circularly permuted and terminally redundant. Heteroduplex molecules were produced with various combinations of these DNAs. Their electron-microscopic analyses showed a consistent pattern of homologous and heterologous regions of DNA. Restriction maps of the phage DNAs were established. A comparison of these maps showed a pattern of conserved and variable DNAs compatible with the electron-microscopic analyses. In all phage genomes, regions specifying early and late functions were conserved. In each phage genome, such regions were separated by short segments of heterologous DNA characteristic for each phage.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1985

Photoregulated expression of a pea rbcS gene in leaves of transgenic plants.

A 2.4-kb pea genomic fragment, containing a member (rbcS-E9) of the multigene family encoding the small subunit (rbcS) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, was inserted into a non-oncogenic, Ti-plasmid vector and introduced into the genomes of Petunia hybrida (Mitchell) and Nicotiana tabacum (SR1) plants by in vitro transformation. Petunia and tobacco plants containing the introduced pea rbcS-E9 gene were regenerated from protoplasts. In these transgenic plants the rbcS-E9 gene is transcribed accurately using its own promoter and its expression is light-induced and organ-specific. A deletion mutant with 352 bp of 5'-upstream sequence still retains photoinducibility and leaf-specific expression. Clonal analysis of independent transgenic petunia plants revealed that chromosomal positions in the recipient plant genome affect the quantitative but not qualitative aspects of rbcS-E9 expression.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Inversion and deletion mutants in Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage SPP1 as a consequence of cloning.

Properties of an inversion and a deletion mutant of B. subtilis phage SPP1 which arose during cloning are described. The results are related to the biology of this bacteriophage. In preceding communications from our laboratories (Heilmann and Reeve 1982, Behrens et al. 1983) we reported the properties of genetically engineered SPP1 bacteriophages, which could be used as cloning vehicles in B. subtilis. These phages contain a unique restriction site within a dispensable region of their genomes. In the course of cloning experiments using these phage vectors, we have occasionally observed the appearance of not only the original vector and desired hybrid phages, but also of SPP1 phages which had undergone extensive genomic rearrangements. Properties of two such phages, SPP1 inv1, which was found to contain a large inversion and of SPP1 delV, a deletion mutant, which defines an additional dispensable region of the SPP1 genome, are described in this communication.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1985

The genome of Bacillus subtilis phage SPP1: structure of an early promoter.

The strongest of five 'early' promoters of Bacillus subtilis phage SPP1 was localized in a DNA restriction fragment by analysis of RNA polymerase binding and R-loop formation. The nucleotide sequence of the promoter region was established. The signal structures identified were similar to those recognized by the sigma 55 RNA polymerase of B. subtilis. The promoter precedes an open reading frame with 51 codons. A protein with the Mr predicted from the nucleotide sequence was identified in minicells.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1985

Structure and developmental regulation of a wheat gene encoding the major chlorophyll a/b-binding polypeptide.

A genomic clone for a major chlorophyll a/b-binding polypeptide of the light-harvesting complex has been sequenced from wheat. This gene, whAB1.6, encodes a 70-nucleotide 5'-nontranslated spacer, a 34-amino-acid NH2-terminal extension, i.e., the transit peptide, and a mature coding protein of 232 amino acid residues. The exact molecular weight of the precursor polypeptide is 28,560. The transit peptide is basic and is rich in serines. No intervening sequences are found in this gene. The transcription start site of the whAB1.6 gene occurs at AAAC as determined by S1 nuclease analysis. Putative regulatory sequences occur upstream of the gene at -25 (TTTAAATA) and at -72 (CCAACCA). Northern blots show a single RNA species estimated to be 1,100 nucleotides. Heterogeneity of the RNA population is demonstrated in S1 nuclease analyses with a 5'-end-labeled fragment that extends 191 nucleotides into the mature protein coding sequence. At least seven different transcripts can be recognized. The highest levels of RNA transcribed from the whAB1.6 gene are found in the basal segments of the wheat leaf, whereas other chlorophyll a/b-binding transcripts in the cell show a different pattern of abundance. As a control, we show that roots do not contain chlorophyll a/b-binding RNA. The most abundant RNA species shows an interrupted homology with the whAB1.6 gene at the start of the mature protein coding sequence; another species shows homology beginning at the start of the transit peptide and does not include the nontranslated region. Chlorophyll a/b-binding polypeptides accumulate toward the tip of the leaf as shown by Western blot analysis of total thylakoid proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1985

Computerized tomography (CT) semeiotics in the presurgical evaluation of gynaecological neoplasias.

Computerized tomography has been introduced in studies concerning neoplastic pathology of the pelvis. In this study, we have attempted to define a series of radiological signs, resulting from CT tests of pelvis or abdomen in patients with gynaecological tumors, each of which corresponds to a particular anatomopathologic situation. For each gynaecologic tumor, there is a set of more frequently found signs, the presence of which, in the single case, depends on the stage of evolution of the disease. In the staging of cervical or endometrial carcinoma, the evaluation of the relation to the bladder and rectum is very important, just like vaginal, parametrial and ureteral infiltration. In the presurgical staging of ovarian carcinoma the CT can reveal the size and shape of mono- or bilateral ovarian tumour masses and the relation that they have established with the pelvic organs and with the intestine. In spite of inevitable limitations the CT plays an essential role in gynaecologic oncologic diagnostics.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1984

Two intervening sequences in the ATPase subunit 6 gene of Neurospora crassa. A short intron (93 base-pairs) and a long intron that is stable after excision.

A 3590 base-pair region of the mitochondrial genome of Neurospora crassa, including the gene for ATPase subunit 6 (oli2), has been sequenced. The oli2 gene is interrupted by two intervening sequences. The first intron, situated after the third codon of the gene, is 93 base-pairs long; two-thirds of this intron consist of a palindromic sequence. The second intron is 1370 base-pairs long and contains an extended open reading frame that is continuous and in frame with the upstream exon sequence. This intron has structural homology with most other fungal mitochondrial introns. Transcript analysis has yielded a complex pattern of RNA species and demonstrated that the second intron is quite stable after excision. An unknown reading frame (homologous to reading frames of other mitochondrial genomes) is located 1000 base-pairs upstream from the oli2 coding sequence.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1984

Endotoxin-mediated inhibition of human platelet aggregation.

A variety of endotoxins, when added to human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or to suspensions of washed platelets (WP), demonstrated an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by various aggregating agents. Endotoxin blocked the release of 14C serotonin from platelets but had no influence on cyclic AMP production. Endotoxin did not interfere with thromboxane generation by platelets. However, endotoxin-treated platelets failed to respond to added thromboxane. The inhibitory effect of endotoxin on platelet aggregation was more pronounced in the presence of ionophore A23187 as compared to other aggregating agents and was effectively reversed by calcium but not by magnesium, another divalent cation. Furthermore, endotoxin failed to inhibit the ristocetin-induced agglutination of formaldehyde-fixed platelets; a non-calcium dependent phenomenon. These findings appear to suggest that endotoxin-mediated inhibitory activity of platelet aggregation is related to the interference in the role of calcium. The antiaggregatory activity of endotoxin appears to be due to a direct and rapid action on platelets and not due to a non-specific binding, as the effect was not abolished by washing the endotoxin-incubated platelets. Endotoxin-mediated alteration of platelet function may contribute to bleeding diathesis in septecemic and endotoxemic patients.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1984

RNA-polymerase binding sites within the tra region of the F factor of Escherichia coli K-12.

Chimeric plasmids containing the tra operon of the Escherichia coli K-12 F factor were used to map by electron microscopy the RNA polymerase binding sites within the contiguous F EcoRI restriction fragments f6, f16, f1, f17, f19 and f2. [These fragments have been previously cloned in the EcoRI site of pSC101 to give the chimeric plasmids pRS27 (f6, f15), pRS29 (f15, f1) and pRS31 (f17, f19 and f2)]. The results may reflect the presence of a number of previously unrecognized promoters within the traY----Z operon.

Base Sequence↗