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Biomedical subjects

G Moskowitz

Publications and source records attributed to G Moskowitz.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Long-term fate of the vascularized iliac crest bone graft for mandibular reconstruction.

Vascularized bone grafts, such as the iliac crest, have become a major tool for mandibular reconstruction. Due to the growing trend toward immediate bone replacement followed by implant osseointegration and dental rehabilitation, further understanding of the long-term characteristics of these grafts is essential. Early postoperative bone scans demonstrate increased activity within the vascularized graft relative to surrounding bone. This study addressed the use of bone SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) scintigraphy as a long-term method of evaluating the integrity of vascularized bone grafts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effect of beta-amino-propionitrile on the regenerating newt limb evaluated by uptake of 3H-proline and 3H-lysine.

Newt forelimbs were unilaterally amputated and Beta-amino propionitrile (BAPN) was added to the water in which the newts were maintained. Sixty-three days after amputation, animals were injected with either 3H-proline or 3H-lysine. Forelimbs distal to the elbow of both amputated and non-amputated sides were removed 72 hours later. Uptake of 3H-proline and 3H-lysine in whole limbs was assessed by liquid scintillation and in cartilage cells and matrix by autoradiography. Amputation was a potent stimulus to both collagen formation and maturation during regeneration. BAPN reduced the stimulatory effect of amputation on collagen formation but not on its maturation. Collagen synthesis and maturation are independent events and, in intact non-regenerating limbs, BAPN adversely affected collagen maturation while collagen synthesis was unaltered.

Aminopropionitrile↗
PubMed1987

Pneumatic dilatation in achalasia under endoscopic guidance: correlation pre- and postdilatation by radionuclide scintiscan.

Pneumatic dilation of the lower esophageal sphincter was accomplished by endoscopic visualization and positioning of a modified polyurethane dilator (90 F diameter) without fluoroscopy in 17 consecutive patients with advanced symptomatic achalasia. All patients were monitored for completeness of dilation by pre- and postdilation radionuclide scintiscan. Despite advanced megaesophagus, prior dilatations, or complicating disease, all patients showed prompt relief of symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of myoelectric signal processing on the relationship between muscle force and processed EMG.

The relationship between the force generated by an isometrically contracting muscle and the associated myoelectric signal has been the subject of extensive investigation in the past and conflicting results were reported regarding this relationship. The objective of the present study was to investigate some of the sources that may lead to such conflicting results. Two possible sources were examined. The first was the variability in the force-EMG relationship resulting from processing the EMG signal with different EMG signal processing techniques and the second was the variability in the force-EMG relation obtained from repeated muscle contractions. The results of the study indicate that slight variations in the force-EMG relationships can be attributed to the selection of different processing techniques. However, the variability in the force-EMG relation, obtained by using different EMG signal processors, was found to be significantly smaller than the variability in this relationship obtained from repeated muscle contractions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Deficiencies of clinical trials of alcohol withdrawal.

Eighty-one therapeutic trials of alcohol withdrawal were found that have been published in English since 1954; controls were randomized in 29 (RCTs). Two thousand three hundred thirteen patients were randomized. Variable pretreatment description prevented estimates of delirium tremens and convulsion prevalence, but only four deaths were reported. Endpoints were thus entirely subjective in these moderately ill patients. Protocol quality of the RCTs was graded by a previously developed system for evaluating adequacy of descriptions, blinding, and essential measurements. Mean score obtained was .49 +/- .03 (1 SE). (A perfect paper would score 1.00.) Data presentations and statistical analyses scored .18 +/- .03. There was little evidence of improvement of scores over time. Papers lacked confidence intervals, proper handling of dropouts, and adequate details of side effects. In five RCTs, six comparisons showed that benzodiazepines are clearly superior to placebo (p less than .001), but conclusions about comparisons with other drugs were not possible. In none of eight "negative" comparisons was the probability of a type II error (beta) considered. Discovery of more effective symptomatic agents or methods of reducing the death rate will require more rigid protocols and analyses as well as larger studies to allow the use of more critical endpoints such as occurrence of delirium tremens, convulsions, or death.

Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium↗
PubMed1982

A computerized system for control and management of radionuclide inventory: application in nuclear medicine.

An interactive computerized system for radioisotope management and instantaneous inventory is reported. The system is capable of handling operations such as filing, nuclear imaging and disposing of various radionuclides. All radiopharmaceutical transactions are achieved with the aid of a Prime 300 mini-computer of 192K words of high speed semi-conductor memory and over 120 mega bytes of disk storage. The system automatically corrects for the appropriate decay, monitors and updates the storage file after every subsequent study. The performed study is recorded in a special file, together with the time and data retrieved from the computer's real time clock at the time of the entry. The system provides an organized and complete bookkeeping of all records concerning radionuclide transactions. It is found to be simple, efficient, highly versatile, and drastically reduces the time of operation and errors in handling the radioisotope inventory.

Computers↗
PubMed1980

Do numerical polymorphisms exist at the human 5 S locus?

Grain count analysis following hybridization in situ was used to determine whether there are numerical polymorphisms at the human genes that code for 5S RNA. Of seven individuals surveyed in this study, two showed significant differences between the number of autoradiographic grains on the tips of the homologs of chromosome 1q. It is concluded that numerical polymorphisms exist at the locus that transcribes 5S RNA in some individuals.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1980

Taste hedonics and thresholds in obesity.

Previous investigations of the relation of taste to obesity have focused on sweet taste, with inconclusive results. This study compared adult-onset obese, juvenile-onset obese, and never-obese females on sensitivity and hedonic (preference) responses to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter solutions. On no taste did the groups differ on detection or recognition thresholds or on hedonic ratings of supra-threshold concentrations. Two patterns of individual hedonic responses to increasing concentrations were identified with supra-threshold sucrose solutions, as in previous work, but not with the other solutions. There were no reliable relations across tastes on detection or recognition thresholds or supra-threshold hedonic ratings. Hedonic ratings of the lowest (below detection threshold) concentrations of each taste solution were examined as indices of cognitive and affective responses to the expected properties of the taste. Adult-onset obese subjects assigned higher expectancy hedonic ratings for sour and sweet than did juvenile-onset obese or never-obese subjects. The same trend held, nonsignificantly, for salty. Discussion focuses on the nature of expectancy ratings and implications of findings for future investigations of the role of taste in obesity within different obese populations.

Adolescent↗