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Biomedical subjects

G N Avakian

Publications and source records attributed to G N Avakian.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Batroxobin in patients with ischemic stroke in the carotid system (the multicenter study)].

A randomized placebo-controlled study has been carried out in 3 Moscow hospitals. A sample included 90 patients who survived hemispheric ischemic stroke caused by pathology in the internal carotid artery 72 h before the treatment. Forty-five patients were given standard (basic) therapy and 45 patients received adjuvant batroxobin intravenously by 1,0 ml (10BU) drops on day 1, 3 and 5 and by 0,5 ml (5BU) drops on day 7 and 9 after admitting in a hospital. Assessment of the patients' state was conducted before the treatment, on day 3, 6 and 15. The European Stroke Scale was used to measure severity of clinical symptoms. The results suggest efficacy of batroxobin the use of which provides rapid good results, especially improvement in movement disorders. The use of this drug is accompanied by defibrinating effect. The drug is well tolerated.

Batroxobin↗
PubMed2006

[Antioxidants in complex treatment of Parkinson's disease].

Experimental and clinical study of mexidol efficacy in the complex therapy of Parkinson's disease has been carried out. It is shown that in a Parkinsonian animal model using oxotremorine, mexidol reduces Parkinsonian symptoms and decreases expression of neurophysiological changes caused by oxotremorine. Neurohistological study of substantia nigra neurons in a Parkinsonian model using MPTP revealed a neuroprotective effect of mexidol. An assignment of mexidol (4,0 ml intravenous in drops during 10 days) to patients with Parkinson's disease, receiving the basic therapy with antiparkinsonic drugs, reduced tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia. The most marked effect was observed in patients with prevalence of trembling symptoms at early stages of the disease. The results of clinical study have been confirmed by electromyographic and electroneuromyographic data.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Functional brain activity in patients with Parkinson's disease during amantadin-sulfate therapy].

An investigation of bioelectrical brain activity in 32 patients with akinetic-rigid and trembling-rigid forms of Parkinson's disease was conducted before and after treatment with amantadin-sulfate on the basis of spectral-coherent EEG analysis. Comparing to controls, EEG deviations, mainly related to the main rhythm, were observed in 93.75% patients. Symptoms stabilization augmented EEG disorganization emerging in diffused spikes and sharp theta- and alpha-waves. The presence of paroxysmal activity in the form of synchronic bilateral groups of theta-waves and/or beta-waves was detected in 11 out of 32 patients, with paroxysmal activity of theta-waves being more evident in patients with a trembling PD form. In the group of patients with post treatment positive dynamics, EEG spectrum power increased in the range of alpha-beta-waves. Significant differences were mainly found in the range of beta-activity in frontal-parietal-occipital leads of the left hemisphere. The coherent analysis of EEG revealed that an amantadin-sulfate course resulted in normalization of space organization of biopotentials at the expense of a decrease of pathologically high indications of coherency for the majority of intra- and interhemisphere pairs of leads in alpha-, beta- and theta-ranges. In those regions, where the spectrum power increased in the same range, a significant decrease of the coherency indices was detected for inter hemispheric frontal-frontal, frontal-parietal and frontal-occipital leads and intracortical long connections of the left hemisphere. In amantadin-sulfate non-responders, the changes of EEG spectrum and coherency were insignificant.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Use of a 3-oxypiridine antioxidant in combined therapy of patients with partial epilepsy].

Fifty-four patients with partial epilepsy (age 18-50 years, 26 males and 28 females, illness duration from 6 months to 18 years) have been examined. Idiopathic epilepsy was diagnosed in 7 patients, symptomatic in 36, cryptogenic in 11. The control group comprised 22 sex- and age-matched individuals. All the patients underwent computerized EEG and pharmaco-EEG testing, MRI or CT of the brain. Follow-up duration was from 6 months to 2.5 years. An antioxidant therapeutic course was conducted during 30 days on the background of the basic anticonvulsive therapy with carbamazepine (finlepsin-retard 200) received in individual dosages. Computer EEG analysis was made using "BRAINWIN" soft (Mitrofanov A.A., "Statokin", Moscow). To estimate the effect of the medications on bioelectric brain activity, methods of spectral and coherent EEG analysis, localization of equivalent dipole source of paroxysmal activity were applied. After a 30-day course of combined therapy with carbamazepine (finlepsin-retard 200) and antioxidant Mexicor, inhibition of generator activity of limbic and hypothalamic as well as stem and cerebellum structures and displacement of generator zones into cortical hemisphere structures were observed that may be explained by enhancement of determinant foci of the cortical structures in inhibition of secondary foci. It may be considered as a favorable prognostic factor, which reduces probability of the secondary generalization of partial epileptic seizures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Clinico-neurophysiologic and experimental study of the peculiarities of adamantan-sulphate treatment in Parkinson's disease].

An experimental investigation of parkinsonism in rats and patients with initial forms of Parkinson's disease was performed by using methods of electromyography and electroneuromyography. Neurophysiologic peculiarities of reorganization of peripheral neuromotor apparatus and criteria for treatment efficacy were detected. The results obtained in the study allowed evaluating of an adequacy of adamantan-sulphate therapy either in the animal experiments and in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Ramipril in elderly patients with mild and moderate hypertension. Clinical efficacy, effect on cerebral blood flow and intellectual functioning].

AIM: to study different ramipril dosage regimens on cerebral blood flow and cognitive function in elderly patients with mild to moderate hypertension. MATERIAL: 30 out-patient hypertensive patients (13 men, 17 women, age 55-75 years, mean 62+1,5). METHODS: After withdrawal of previous antihypertensive therapy patients were randomized to receive gradual (group 1) and more active (group 2) ramipril regimen. The starting dose (2,5 mg in group 1 and 5 mg in group 2) was increased at 2-week intervals to 10 mg daily. If target blood pressure (BP) level was not achieved hydrochlorothiazide (25 mg/day) was added. The treatment duration was 8 weeks. 24-hour BP monitoring, duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries were performed at baseline, after the first dose of ramipril, and after 8 weeks of therapy. Intellectual functioning was evaluated with 4 tests of memory and attention assessment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Both single dose and long term ramipril treatment provided stable and steady hypertensive effect throughout 24 hours. There was no case of first dose hypotension in elderly patients. Both starting doses (2,5 mg and 5 mg) were similarly safe. Neither first dose of ramipril nor long term treatment caused impairment of cerebral blood flow. 8-week ramipril treatment in elderly hypertensive patients was associated with improvement of some characteristics of intellectual functioning.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Pathogenesis and therapy of posttraumatic epilepsy].

Considerations on prevalence, conditions and development mechanisms of epilepsy after cranio cerebral injuries as well as peculiarities of its diagnosis using clinical, neurophysiologic and computed tomography methods are presented. Implications and limitations of the latter, frequency and features of neurological and mental disorders in relation to main appearances of the disease, i.e. types of epileptic seizures, etc., are regarded. Principles of treatment of posttraumatic epilepsy, the data on biochemical, neurochemical and neuropathological symptoms of epileptogenesis are summarized. The authors highlighted the advantages of monotherapy, importance of taking into account the patient's personality, contacting with a patients family and ensuring his or her rights and quality of life. Also, the bases and stages of patient's rehabilitation are discussed.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed2002

[Differential diagnostic criteria of lateral amyotrophic sclerosis].

Differential diagnostic criteria of lateral amyotrophic sclerosis (LAS) and lateral amyotrophic sclerosis syndrome were elaborated on the basis of complex investigation, including EMG and blood plasma trace element analysis. Fifty-two patients (25 with LAS, 27 with LAS syndrome) have been examined, the diagnoses being established according to the World Neurologist Federation criteria. LAS syndrome was stipulated by a vascular spinal cord lesion-discircular myelopathy; in some cases vascular deficit was combined with an inherent narrowness of spinal cord channel. All patients were followed-up with a 6-month interval. The results of the study allow to differentiate LAS and LAS syndrome of vascular genesis, already during the first medical examination.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Spatial organization of bioelectrical brain activity in epilepsy and amenorrhea of central genesis].

The study aimed at modification of co-herent analysis (CA), as a mathematical method for EEG data processing for objective evaluation of bioelectric brain activity spatial organization in women with epilepsy and secondary amenorrhea of central genesis. One hundred sixty one women (30 with epilepsy, 116 with amenorrhea and 115 controls aged 15 to 41 years) have been examined. Characteristic changes of cortico-cortical inter- and intra-hemisphere relations for patients with catamenial (CTM) and noncatamenial (NCTM) epilepsy in different menstrual cycle terms were found. The most distinct changes were detected in theta-activity analysis. In the beginning of menstrual cycle, the patients with CTM epilepsy exhibited higher CA indices in theta-rhythm range in all right hemisphere pairs studied. On the contrary, patients with NCTM epilepsy exhibited lower CA indices mainly in the right brain hemisphere. alpha-rhythm spatial organization analysis in the same patients showed similar correlations, but they were better expressed in alpha-rhythm generation zone: in the beginning of menstrual cycle CA indices were high in patients with CTM epilepsy and low in those with NCTM epilepsy. Comparing to controls, patients with secondary amenorrhea of central genesis showed most distinct changes in theta-activity towards the CA indices increase in the majority of the leads. In patients with epilepsy and amenorrhea, CA indices of right brain hemisphere and intra-central temporal lead pairs were lower than in patients with amenorrhea without epilepsy by both alpha- and theta-rhythms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Features of neurotransmitter pool in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with epilepsy].

The paper deals with the state of neurotransmitter pool in cerebrospinal fluid of epileptic patients. There were significant peculiarities of the dynamics of both excitatory (glutamate, aspartate) and inhibitory (GABA, glycine, taurine) neurotransmitters in respect of the severity of the pathologic process, frequency and type of convulsive seizures. The correlation found between a degree of the disease severity and a level of glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid after the seizures and between them could be a criterion for the prognosis of epilepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Treatment of vertigo with betaserk in patients with vascular and traumatic cerebral injuries].

42 patients with discirculatory and posttraumatic encephalopathy were treated with betaserk. Ultrasonic dopplerography and acoustic evoked potentials were used for assessment of the treatment results. It was established that betaserk was quite effective both for arrest of acute vertigo attacks and for prophylaxis of vertigo relapses. A decrease in frequency of vertigo attacks (by 60%, on the average) as well as in their duration and intensity were accompanied by an increase in blood flow through the arteries of vertebro-basilar system and by normalization of the parameters of acoustic evoked potentials.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1996

[Cerebral evoked potentials and reaction time studied by selective averaging in patients with posttraumatic epilepsy].

The alteration in brain reactivity and in the consciousness level by measuring average evoked potentials as well as of the motor reaction time during the periods of the discharge EEG activity were estimated in patients with posttraumatic epilepsy. The selective mean quantity method was applied for evaluation of the changes in brain reactivity and in consciousness level during paroxysmal states. The data obtained allow to estimate brain reactivity alteration and consciousness level during paroxysmal EEG pattern.

Brain↗
PubMed1991

[A clinico-neurophysiological analysis and the treatment problems of the crush syndrome (based on data from the earthquake in Armenia)].

Overall 350 patients with the crush syndrome were examined. It has been shown by the clinico-neurological investigation that in long compression of the limbs followed by the development of the crush syndrome, sensitive fibers and the membrane of the axon are most of all exposed to unfavourable effects. The changes discovered as a result of the clinically intact nerves point to the diffuse impairment of the peripheral neuromotor apparatus in patients with the crush syndrome.

Armenia↗
PubMed1991

[Hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of compression mononeuropathies].

105 patients with compression mononeuropathies were divided into 2 groups by duration of HBO performed under an original method. The effect of HBO treatment was assessed by changes in neurological symptoms and positive trend on ENMG. The most appreciable response was obtained in acute disease treated by 4-session short course. Longer courses of VIII-X sessions were less efficient.

Humans↗