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Biomedical subjects

G N Drannik

Publications and source records attributed to G N Drannik.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[The role of immunological mechanisms in the development of the late sequelae of nuclear disasters].

Effects, both specific and non-specific, were analysed of ionizing radiation in a comparative evaluation of medical sequels of the Chernobyl disaster and of the Semipalatinsk Range nuclear test. A hypothesis is advanced assuming that development of all major bodily morbid conditions is directly related to the dysfunction of certain complex of organs, the thyroid gland in the first place, the thymus gland known to be a central organ of systemic immunogenesis. A breach in the thymus link triggers harmful cascade reactions of neuroimmunoendocrinological regulation, appeared to be responsible for the pathogenesis of practically all pathologies disclosed.

Gene Expression Regulation↗
PubMed1998

[Intravascular laser radiation of blood in the multimodality treatment of patients with urogenital tuberculosis].

Laser therapy was performed in 45 patients with tuberculosis of the urinary system and male genitals. The radiation was found to have a positive action on the patients' general condition and short-term immunomodulating effect. Following a month, immunological parameters became baseline or near-baseline. In the course of 5 years there was an exacerbation of tuberculosis in 2 (4 +/- 3%) patients who had received laser therapy and in 8-18% routinely treated without laser therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Cross-reacting HLA antigens as a factor increasing the risk of childlessness in a family].

A comparative analysis of HLA phenotypes of fertile and infertile spouses revealed that among the infertile the sum of spouses showed compatibility in two or three HLA antigens. A detailed analysis also showed that 10 infertile couples exhibited identical and 2 antigens with a similar structure and function with so-called cross-reactions increasing the histocompatibility index to 75%. The significance of these facts for infertility risk factors is discussed.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1991

[Immunity disorders and the increased fatigability syndrome in the residents of the city of Kiev].

A clinical and immunological study is presented of 1030 practically healthy persons inhabiting Kiev from the moment of the Chernobyl accident. It was established clinically that during the last 5 years more frequent became acute respiratory viral infections, exacerbation of existing infection foci, appearance of complaints of reduced working capacity, somnolence apathy, increased fatiguability, worsening of memory, periodic subfebrility and oth. This symptom complex was determined as the "increased fatiguability syndrome". It was characterized immunologically by different changes showing most frequently a reduction of the functional activity of natural killers. The authors analyze different variants of immunological disorders in this group of subjects and give practical recommendations on using immunotropic drugs. They emphasize the importance of a service of clinical immunology in Ukraine able to organize special services to the population.

Accidents↗
PubMed1991

[Acute pyelonephritis and the immunity status].

The quantitative and functional state of different populations of immunocompetent cells was studied in 45 patients with acute serous and 46 patients with acute purulent pyelonephritis. An imbalance has been found in the system of regulatory cells, activation of phagocytosis with reduction of its reserve capacities, disorders of IL-producing capacity of mononuclears and suppression of the functional activity of NK cells.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Pemphigus and pemphigoid epidermocytes interfere with interleukin cascade reactions.

The aim of this study was to reveal the origin of interleukin cascade reaction disturbances in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and bullous pemphigoid (BP). We investigated the influence of culture supernatant of epidermal keratinocytes from the skin of PV and BP patients on functional activity of donor peripheral blood mononuclears. It was found that epidermal keratinocyte culture supernatant in the acute phase of PV and BP decreased the ability of mononuclears to proliferate in response to PHA and Con A, secrete interleukin-1 and interleukin-2, and absorb an exogenous interleukin-2. Such inhibitory effect was far less pronounced in epidermal keratinocytes obtained from PV and BP patients at the remission stage. Epidermocytes from healthy subjects stimulated the immunocompetent cell activity. The results obtained indicate that epidermal keratinocytes in the acute phase of pemphigus and pemphigoid produce a putative soluble factor(s), which may be the origin of the immunodeficiency in PV and BP patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Clinical and laboratory evaluation of hemocarboadsorption in autoimmune bullous dermatoses.

Hemocarboadsorption (HCA) with the following immunosuppressive therapy was used to treat 48 patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and 31 patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) in the acute phase. The levels of autoantibodies, eicosanoids, endoproteases and their inhibitors as well as interleukin (IL) 1 and IL 2 production and absorption of exogenous IL 2 were examined in the treatment dynamics. The therapeutic effect of HCA was displayed in prompt disease remission in 43 PV and 29 BP patients. Clinical improvement was accompanied by antibody elimination and interleukin cascade reaction normalization. HCA resulted in growth of patients' serum immunosuppressive activity. It was concluded that HCA has some immunoregulatory effect (Int J Artif Organs; 1990: 13: 181-88).

Adsorption↗
PubMed1990

[The role of immunologic factors in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis].

The role of thrombin, fibrinogen, specific and unspecific immunological reactions in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis were evaluated. It was found in the urine of patients with urolithiasis and concomitant pyelonephritis that most bacteria, leucocytes and organic substances fixed on crystalloids contained on their surfaces immunoglobulins M, G and A. The mechanisms of the possible participation of immune reactions in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in pemphigus and pemphigoid.

In order to know whether effector cells are capable of recognizing the epidermal targets in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and bullous pemphigoid (BP), non-adherent cells (NAC) of peripheral blood from 27 primary PV, 19 BP patients and 12 healthy volunteers were used in cytotoxic tests. Autologous, allogenic and murine epidermal keratinocytes as well as autologous and allogenic fibroblasts were employed as targets. Total esterase activity of serine proteinases was measured in supernatants of samples and the results obtained were compared with the data received in 51Cr-release assay. These two techniques yielded similar results. The effector cells of PV and BP patients were found to lyse the epidermal target cells without presensitization in vitro. Epidermal cells from involved and uninvolved skin of PV patients, as well as from perilesional skin of BP patients, were highly sensitive to cytotoxic effect on the part of effector cells. The NAC activity in BP was higher than in PV. On the one hand, the obtained data suggest that PV and BP patients develop autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes, sensitized to pemphigus and pemphigoid antigens, respectively, and on the other hand that epidermocytes in pemphigus and pemphigoid patients turned to be more fragile compared to normal human epidermal keratinocytes. It was supposed that cell-mediated cytotoxic reactions are probably related to enhanced proteolytic activity in the site of bullous eruption.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The effect of experimental haemocarbofiltration upon activity of mononuclear cells from normal and autoimmune patients.

We examined the functional activity of peripheral blood mononuclears (PBM) of 18 healthy subjects, 18 patients with pemphigus vulgaris, 12 with bullous pemphigoid and nine with discoid lupus erythematosus, after haemofiltration on carbon haemo-adsorbents of 'SKN' type. Proliferation in the response to PHA and Con A, for IL-1 and IL-2 production, and exogenous IL-2 absorption were assayed. The presence of IL-1 and IL-2 inhibitors in haemocarbo-adsorbent eluants was shown. We also investigated the natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADCC) activities. We found significant increases of both lectin-dependent proliferation and of interleukin production by PBM of autoimmune patients after two to four perfusions. The ability of PBM to absorb IL-2 displayed a steady growth after each perfusion, whereas increase of NK and ADCC activities was observed after not less than six passes. The enhancement of PBM functional activity in autoimmune patients was accompanied by accumulation of IL-1 and IL-2 inhibitors in the sorbent. It was concluded that therapeutic effects of haemofiltration in autoimmune diseases involve improvement of immunocompetent cell function due to their deligandization by activated charcoal.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mediators of inflammation in blister fluids from patients with pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid.

Blister fluids from 39 previously untreated patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and 28 patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) were tested for the presence of inflammatory mediators. Blister fluids from patients with PV and BP showed interleukin 1 (IL-1)- and interleukin 2 (IL-2)-like activity and contained prostaglandin (PG) E2, F1 alpha, and F2 alpha, thromboxane B2 (TB2), leukotriene (LT) B4 and C4, serine esterases, and proteolysis inhibitors. Pemphigus blister fluid was distinguished by high IL-1-like activity, proteolytic activity, and high concentrations of TB2 and LTB4, while pemphigoid blister fluid was characterized by higher IL-2-like activity, antiprotease activity, and high PGE2 concentration. We also determined that the content of mediators of inflammation varied depending on the duration of blister development. In both PV and BP, the initially high IL-1-like activity, amount of serine proteases, and concentrations of PGF2 alpha, TB2, LTB4, and LTC4 decreased by the fifth day of blister existence, whereas antiprotease activity as well as PGE2 and PGF1 alpha concentrations gradually increased as blisters developed. These findings suggest certain differences in the character of the bullous inflammatory process in pemphigus and pemphigoid.

Adult↗