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Biomedical subjects

G Nisch

Publications and source records attributed to G Nisch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Neuron-like physiological properties of cells from human oligodendroglial tumors.

One of the most common symptoms of patients with oligodendrogliomas is the high frequency of epileptic seizures. We thus studied the physiological properties of cells in six human oligodendrogliomas and two oligoastrocytomas obtained from surgical material. The majority of tumor cells in living brain slices can generate action potentials as recorded with the patch-clamp technique indicating that this tissue is dominated by electrically excitable cells. In cultures from the same material, the action potential generating cells prevail within the first days and are subsequently replaced by electrically inexcitable cells. From histopathological and immunohistochemical data, the histogenesis of human oligodendroglial tumor is still uncertain. Our physiological study has not settled the debate on the origin of these tumors but revealed important findings with regard to this question. Since action potential generating glial cells have not been described in situ so far their occurrence in oligodendroglial tumors implies that oligodendroglial tumor cells may belong to the neuronal cell lineage.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Problems in the balloon occlusion of aneurysms.

From 1987-1991 we performed 20 balloon occlusions in 15 patients with intracranial aneurysms. In 9 patients procedures were technically successful however long term complications included three deaths. In spite of the advancements in the balloon catheter technology fatalities occur restricting the use of percutaneous balloon occlusion to patients with unclippable aneurysms.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Intraoperative angiography and embolization in intracranial AVM's and aneurysms.

Intraoperative angiography allows for control procedures for exstirpation of arteriovenous malformations and clipping of problematic aneurysms during the entire operation. During intraoperative embolizations, it is especially helpful to see whether the occlusion of the nidus of an arteriovenous malformation is complete. The method is easy to perform; there were no complications in 19 cases.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1992

Karyotypes in 90 human gliomas.

Cytogenetic studies were performed on 90 human gliomas including 26 astrocytomas, 12 oligodendrogliomas, three oligo-astrocytomas, seven ependymomas, eight pilocytic astrocytomas, and 33 malignant gliomas (anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas). The most common abnormalities were trisomy 7 in 23 cases, monosomy 22 in 15 cases, losses of the Y chromosome in 19 of 50 male cases, and losses of the X chromosome in 10 of 39 female cases. There are evident differences between the particular subgroups of gliomas. Monosomy 10 and double minutes are typical for malignant gliomas. The 58 determined chromosomal breakpoints were located on 45 different sites. Chromosomes 1, 9, 6, 3, 10, and 17 were predominantly involved.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Coamplification of simple repetitive DNA fingerprint fragments and the EGFR gene in human gliomas.

DNA fingerprints were generated by the oligonucleotide probe (GTG)5 from surgically removed tissue and/or primary cell culture of 36 intracranial tumors (31 gliomas, 1 medulloblastoma, 4 metastatic carcinomas) and compared with the constitutional banding pattern obtained from the peripheral blood leukocytes of each patient. A multitude of somatic changes was detected and found to reflect the chromosome alterations identified by parallel karyotype analysis. Gain and/or loss of bands or significant band intensity shifts could be demonstrated in the fingerprints of more than 80% of the tumors investigated. This included a highly amplified fingerprint fragment in five independent gliomas (four of them had double minutes, dmin) which appeared not individual- but tumor-specific (2.4 kilobases, kb, after HaeIII digestion). Rehybridization with the oligonucleotide probes (GT)8 and (GATA)4, respectively, revealed additional amplified fingerprint fragments in the tumor DNA of these patients. While a (ca/gt)n fragment (2.6 kb. HaeIII) was also found to be amplified in all five cases, one band detected with (GATA)4 (1.4 kb, HaeIII) represented a unique feature for one of these tumors only. Amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene via Southern blot hybridization was revealed only in those tumors showing the amplified DNA fingerprint fragments as well. Thus in many gliomas the amplification unit harbors two simple repetitive DNA fingerprint loci, (cac/gtg)n and (ca/gt)n, in addition to the EGFR gene.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Dysontogenetic tumors of the spinal canal. Clinical aspects and long-term follow-up].

20 patients (9 women, 11 men) were operated on because of dysontogenetic tumour in the spinal canal. The average age at the time of operation being 23 years. 9 patients already showed an incomplete transverse lesion with a mean duration of the disease being 51 months. After the operation 15 patients showed an improvement. 12 patients became again fit to work. Two patients are in need of care. Within a after-observation period of three years one patient died.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Benign mesenchymal tumors of the spinal canal. Clinical aspects and long-term results].

22 patients were operated on because of a benign mesenchymal tumor in the spinal canal. 14 women and 8 men were affected, the average age being 37 years. Preoperatively 7 patients showed an incomplete or complete transverse lesion with a mean duration of the disease being 30 months. After the operation 19 patients showed an improvement, of these 17 were able to walk by themselves. 10 patients became again fit to work. One patient died after the operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Angioma and angioblastoma of the spinal canal. Clinical and long-term results].

32 patients were operated on because of vascular processes in the spinal canal. 12 woman and 20 men had fallen ill, the average age at the time of operation being 38 years. Preoperatively 18 patients already showed an incomplete or complete transverse lesion with a mean duration of the disease being 37 months. After the operation 62.5 per cent of the patients showed an improvement. 46.8 per cent were able to walk on their own, 15.6 per cent needed support. 10 patients (31%) became again fit to work. Six patients (18.8%) are in need of care. The total lethality, related to three years post operation, was 18.8 per cent.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Neurinoma of the spinal canal. Clinical aspects and long-term results].

Within a period of 27 years, 65 patients were operated on because of a spinal neurinoma. 34 women and 31 men had fallen ill, the average age at the time of operation being 42 years. Preoperatively 33 patients already showed an incomplete or complete transverse lesion with the mean duration of the disease being 40 months. After the operation 75.3 per cent of the neurinoma patients showed an improvement. 66.1 per cent were able to walk on their own, 9.2 per cent needed support. 41.5 per cent became again fit to work. Six patients (9.2%) are in need of care. The total lethality, related to three years post operationem, was 10.7 per cent.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Sarcomatous tumors of the spinal canal--clinical aspects and long-term results].

45 patients were operated on because of a malignant mesenchymal process in the spinal canal. 27 men and 18 women were affected, the average age at the time of operation being 37 years. Preoperatively 40 patients already showed an incomplete or complete transverse lesion with a mean duration of the disease being 9 months. After the operation 21 patients showed an improvement, of these 12 were able to walk by themselves. The total mortality with an after-observation period of three years amounted to 64.4 per cent (29 cases).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Interventional radiology in neurosurgery--on the use of endovascular balloon occlusion].

A report is given on our experience gained in the introduction of the method of detachable microballoon catheters in the sense of the intervention neuroradiological operative technique. Twenty patients with arteriovenous angiomas, bag-like aneurysms, a carotid Sinus vernosus fistula and intracranial tumours rich in blood vessels were treated according to this method. Adjoining procedures such as embolisation are discussed.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnosis and therapy of ventral sacral meningoceles].

On the basis of the example of two observations symptomatology and therapy of the ventral sacral meningocele are discussed. Besides the clinical diagnosis, the combination of myelography and computer tomography show the greatest informative value. The therapy should be a surgical one with the aim of the extirpation or elimination of the cellular bag.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Metastases of the spinal canal--clinical aspects and surgical results].

48 patients (31 men, 17 women) were operated on because of a metastic tumour of the spinal canal. The average age at the time of operation being 53 years. After a mean duration of the disease of 6 months 43 patients were operated on with severe transverse lesions. A primary carcinoma was known in 11 patients. After the operation an improvement was observed in 17 patients. The mortality in a period of 2 weeks after the operation was 21%, and after 8 weeks 42%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Complications of Forestier disease affecting the cervical vertebrae as seen from a neurosurgical point of view].

In the presence of Spondylosis hyperostotica an isolated spondylophytary ventral ossification leads to the stiffening of the vertebral column with a considerable loss of elasticity. Patients with a rarely occurring participation of the cervical vertebral column are particularly endangered by traumata. Even a trivial trauma may lead to the fracture or a spinal canal diameter in the lower normal range lead to neurological symptoms. The degree of the instability and the neurological symptoms determine the therapeutical approach. The strategy of the treatment is discussed on the basis of the example of six patients from two neurosurgical clinics.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Gliomatous tumor of the spinal canal. Clinical aspects and long-term results].

Within a period of 27 years 62 patients were operated on because of glial tumours. In 30 cases these were ependymomas. In another 32 patients gliomas were identified histologically. In each case 31 men and 31 women were affected. At the time of the operation, almost two thirds of the patients were no longer able to walk without help. In 41 per cent of the patients the operation brought an improvement. A total of 33.9 per cent were able to walk on their own and 8.1 per cent could walk when given help. Fourteen patients (22.6%) became fit to work. Nine patients (14.5%) are in need of care. The total mortality within an after-observation period of three years amounted to 40.3 per cent (25 cases).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Meningiomas of the spinal canal. Clinical aspects and long-term results].

Within a period of 27 years a total of 102 patients (93 women, 9 men) were operated on because of a spinal meningioma. With a mean duration of the disease of 25 months, about two thirds of the meningioma carriers were operated on in an advanced stage of the disease. In the period of follow-up examinations of at least three years an improvement occurred in 68.8 per cent of the patients. Of these 53.9 per cent were able to walk by themselves and 14.7 per cent needed help, 18.6 per cent became fit for work in their professions or trades. Fourteen patients (13.7%) were in a condition requiring special care. The total mortality rate related to three years post operationem was 17.6 per cent. The prognosis for the benign meningiomas in the spinal canal is clearly diminished by a retarded recognition.

Adult↗