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Biomedical subjects

G Norheim

Publications and source records attributed to G Norheim.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The composition and distribution of PCB in arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) caught near Longyearbyen on Svalbard.

Samples from 44 arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), caught near Longyearbyen on Svalbard, were analyzed with respect to their content of PCB. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric investigations revealed that 7 PCB components constituted the main part of the total PCB present. These components were quantified individually. A moderate degree of PCB contamination was recorded. Calculated on a fat weight basis, the total concentrations of PCB in fat tissue and liver were about equal, but the relative amounts of most of the PCB components present were different in the 2 tissues. The total amount of PCB in brain, calculated on a fat weight basis, was significantly less than the corresponding concentrations in liver, kidney, muscle, and fat tissue. The special distribution trend observed in this study is related to the structure of the PCB components present and the arctic nature of the sampling area.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

The degree of methylation and organ distribution of mercury in some birds of prey in Norway.

The concentrations of total mercury and methyl mercury were determined in organs from several species of birds of prey. The organ distributions were calculated for each species. For total and non-methyl mercury, significant differences were found between the species. For methyl mercury no such differences were found. The liver: kidney ratios in White-tailed Eagle were 1 : 2.4 and 1 : 0.9 for total and methyl mercury, respectively. The corresponding figures for the Eagle Owl were 1 : 0.7 and 1 : 0.8. The distribution pattern and the degree of methylation were mainly dependent on the mercury levels, and there seemed to be an inverse relationship between the total mercury levels and the percentages of methyl mercury in the organs, especially in the kidney. There were good correlations between the methyl mercury concentrations in the liver, kidney, and muscle. The demethylation of methyl mercury seems to be a significant detoxication route for methyl mercury in birds of prey.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Lead poisoning in Norwegian waterfowl (author's transl)].

In connection with routine autopsy of wild birds, liver samples from 56 waterfowl, representing 12 species, were analyzed for the content of lead. The median value for the birds examined was 0.2 microgram Pb/g wet weight. Concentrations probably causing lead poisoning were found in 1 mallard (Anas platyrhychos) with 11 microgram Pb/g liver and in 8 whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) with 5.8--55 microgram Pb/g liver. Clinical observations and pathological findings of "typical" lead poisoning were found in 2 of the whooper swans with 25 and 55 microgram Pb/g liver, respectively. Lead was not detected (less than 0.1 microgram Pb/g liver) in 29% of the 34 whooper swans examined, while another 29% contained more than 1.0 microgram Pb/g liver. In some swans with a low liver lead concentration the autopsy findings strongly indicated an intoxication. The necessity of chemical analyses for the verification of lead poisoning is emphasized. The limited number of birds examined and the uneven selection among species prevent the drawing of general conclusions. This investigation indicates, however, that lead poisoning, especially in the whooper swan, may be a problem also in Norway, but hardly a so important one as in some other European countries and in the USA.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Chronic copper poisoning in sheep. ii. The distribution of soluble copper-, molybdenum-, and zinc-binding proteins from liver and kidney.

The concentrations of copper, molybdenum, and zinc in the soluble protein fraction from sheep liver and kidney were determined after gel filtration. Samples from grazing sheep as well as from copper poisoned sheep were tested. In normal sheep the copper-binding proteins were separated into 3 different fractions. In copper poisoned sheep, as well as in grazing sheep with high copper concentrations, only 2 main fractions were seen. Molybdenum was only found in the high molecular weight protein fraction. The distribution of the zinc-binding proteins varied according to the degree of copper accumulation. The low molecular weight zinc-binding protein fraction was only seen in sheep with liver copper concentrations lower that 40 mug/g wet weight. In copper poisoned sheep a major part of the kidney copper was found in the low molecular weight protein fraction. At post mortem the bile copper concentrations in the copper poisoned sheep were only 2-4 times higher than those of the control animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Mercury in various tissues of fish caught downstream of a wood pulp factory in the kammerfoss river, South Norway.

The mercury content of perch (Perca fluviatilis) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) from a river in South Norway, previously shown to be contaminated with mercury from a wood pulp factory, was studied during a 5-years period after the use of mercury in the factory had been discontinued in 1970. In addition to muscular tissue, samples of liver, kidney, brain, heart, and gonads were also analyzed in some cases. The mercury level in the musculature remained nearly constant at about 1 mug/g during the years 1971-1975. The organ distribution studies indicate a relatively even concentration level in different organs of moderately exposed individuals, while mercury contents exceeding 100 mug/g have been observed in the liver of fish exposed to high mercury pollution.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[The hazard of lead-accumulation in domestic animals fed on hay from fields nearby highways in Norway (author's transl.)].

In 1971 hay was harvested from an area nearby a highway (E18) at Sande in Vestfold (Norway). On an average 9,400 cars passed this place each day during the summer season. The lead pollution of the hay was moderate. Hay taken at a distance of 2 m from the roadside contained 6.6 mu-g Pb/g dry weight. There was found no increase in the lead concentration in blood, liver, kidney, muscle, urine, or bone tissue in the experimental sheep compared with the control group. In faeces, however, a higher lead concentration was found in the experimental group compared with the control group, on an average 6.3 and 1.6 mu-g Pb/g, respectively. No increase in the lead content could be demonstrated in bone tissue from cattle which since birth had been fed on grass and hay originating from areas adjacent to the highway.

Animal Feed↗