Biomedical subjects

G Ohngren

Publications and source records attributed to G Ohngren.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Tactiling: a usable support system for speechreading?

The purpose of this study was to find out whether deafened adults can take advantage of the extra information in speechreading given by the vibrational and motional patterns picked up by placing a hand on a speaker's throat and shoulder, and how valuable this tactile supplement is as a support system for speechreading. We have named this method--speechreading with tactile supplement--tactiling. Eight deafened adults participated in the study, conducted with a pre-test/post-test control group design. The experimental and the control groups took speechreading classes together. The experimental group received additional individual training in tactiling during six 1 h lessons. Both the experimental and the control groups were tested, before and after training, first by a familiar person and thereafter by an unfamiliar person. The results demonstrated two significant main effects. Tactiling is generally better than speechreading alone, and the results from the test given by the familiar speaker are better than with the unfamiliar speaker. The main effect of tactiling indicates that the method is worth pursuing as a communication system for the deafened adults. Possible reasons for the direct effect of tactiling are discussed, as well as modifications of this 'natural' device.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Linguistic abstraction and hearing handicap.

The present study aimed at studying compensatory cognitive functions in the profoundly hearing-impaired. Bransford & Franks' (1971) linguistic abstraction paradigm was employed as a means of testing the hypothesis that the profoundly hearing-impaired engage in a general meaning-abstraction strategy not necessary for the normal-hearing. Twenty profoundly hearing-impaired subjects and 20 normal-hearing subjects participated in the experiment and the results unequivocally supported the hypothesis. Clinical implications of the results are indicated and discussed in relation to speech-reading tests and to training programs.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1983

Speechreading performance evaluated by means of TV and real-life presentation. A comparison between a normally hearing, moderately and profoundly hearing-impaired group.

The present study investigated speechreading performance as a function of TV versus real-life presentation. List length and type of material was also manipulated as well as degree of hearing handicap: normally hearing subjects, moderately impaired subjects and profoundly hearing-impaired subjects. The results showed that type of group and presentation medium interact. The impaired groups perform worst on 4-item lists with TV presentation, while a real life presentation facilitates performance of those groups relative to the normal group. The groups were, on a post hoc basis, divided into one superior and one inferior subgroup. The results of this analysis showed that this skill factor interacts in several ways with type of medium for presentation and type of material, the 4-item list provoking a larger number of interactions than the longer 7-item lists. Hence, it was concluded that the memory factor imposed by longer lists and the skill factor constitute two basic factors that must be taken into account in the evaluation and training of speechreading performance.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Hearing deficiency, speechreading and memory functions.

Twelve deaf and 12 normally hearing subjects participated in the present study. The deaf subjects, who had acquired their handicap as adults, exhibited superior recall performance for recency items (short-term memory items) of a list of visually presented words compared to the normal group. Current models of memory and modality effects were unable to handle both recall and output order data. Instead it was argued that the notion of visual skills, being supportive of remembering (see Rönnberg, 1980) had the largest explanatory power. Speechreading did not differ between groups, but interesting correlations between type of speechreading test, skill in speechreading and memory performance was discussed.

Adult↗