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Biomedical subjects

G Ohshio

Publications and source records attributed to G Ohshio.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Expression of vitamin B12 R-binder in breast tumors. An immunohistochemical study.

Vitamin B12 R-binder, a vitamin B12-specific binding protein, was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in 103 cases of breast tumors of various types and grades. In normal breast tissues, R-binder was found on the luminal surface of interlobular, intralobular, and small terminal ducts. R-binder localization was observed in all fibroadenomas and phyllode tumors, in 90% of the benign epithelial tumors, and in 33% of the carcinomas. Among malignant tumors, 43% of the ductal carcinomas expressed the R-binder, whereas none of the lobular or mucinous carcinomas were positive. In invasive ductal carcinomas, R-binder expression was demonstrated more often in well-differentiated lesions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Semiquantitative in vitro binding assay of indium-111-labeled monoclonal antibodies to human cancer and normal tissues.

We have developed a simple in vitro method for the semiquantitative assessment of the radiolabeled antibody binding to cancer and normal tissues. Indium-111-labeled F(ab')2 fragments of 17-1A and 19-9 monoclonal antibodies with well-characterized specificity for gastrointestinal cancer demonstrated similar binding properties between cultured cancer cells and membrane fractions of homogenates prepared from tumor tissues. All of the 17 colon cancer specimens and seven (64%) of 11 gastric cancer specimens obtained by surgery showed positive binding with 17-1A. Specific binding of 19-9 was observed in 9 (53%) colon cancers and 4 (36%) gastric cancers. However, some normal colon tissues were also positive with 111In-labeled 17-1A. Relative levels of CA 19-9 antigen expression, determined by the binding with radiolabeled antibodies, correlated with percent positive cells determined by the immunohistochemical assays. Furthermore, membrane fractions could be cryopreserved without losing antibody-binding activity. These results indicate that this assay can be used for testing the immunoreactivity of radiolabeled anti-tumor antibodies and in vitro binding properties to cancer and normal tissues.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Expression of the c-myc gene in human gastrointestinal malignancies.

We have examined the level of the c-myc transcript in 6 esophageal, 16 gastric, 19 colorectal and 1 anal cancer tissue samples; these included four lymph nodes and six hepatic metastases obtained surgically. The esophageal cancer tissues were without an increase of the c-myc transcript, some of the gastric cancer samples showed a two to three fold increase and most of the colorectal and the one anal cancer samples showed a two to ten fold increase when compared with a normal mucosal layer. Therefore, the level of the c-myc transcript in human gastrointestinal malignancies shows organ dependency. Local, lymphatic, and hepatic metastases showed little difference in the level of c-myc mRNA from that of the primary tumor.

Actins↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical localization of a new thiamine diphosphate-binding protein in the rat nervous system.

The neurophysiological roles of thiamine-binding proteins have lately attracted considerable attention. We purified a new thiamine diphosphate-binding protein (ThDP-BP) prepared from rat livers and produced an antiserum against it. We examined the immunohistochemical distribution of ThDP-BP in the rat nervous system by the avidin-biotin complex technique. Immunoreactivity for ThDP-BP was found in several groups of neurons, and other neuronal tissues including glial cells, ependymal cells and Schwann cells. In neurons, the cytoplasm and processes were stained, but the nucleus was scarcely stained. In glial cells, the nucleus was stained, but the cytoplasm was not stained.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Plasma levels of secretory IgA in patients with gastric cancer.

The levels of plasma secretory IgA were measured in patients with gastric cancer and found to be slightly higher (9.6 +/- 6.2 micrograms/ml) than those in healthy controls (7.0 +/- 2.6 micrograms/ml, 0.05 less than P less than 0.1). Secretory IgA levels in those with hepatic metastases (19.7 +/- 12.2 micrograms/ml) were significantly higher than those in patients without hepatic metastases (P less than 0.001). In the latter, there was no significant relationship between plasma secretory IgA levels and the deepest layer of cancerous invasion or lymph node metastases. The secretory IgA levels in cases of well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than those with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (P less than 0.05). Although there is small diagnostic value in the detection of gastric cancer by measuring the levels of secretory IgA, high levels of secretory IgA in gastric cancer patients may be indicative of the presence of hepatic metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of ultraviolet light irradiation on the skin of MRL/l mice.

MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/l) and MRL/Mp-+/+ mice were irradiated with middle-wavelength ultraviolet light (UVB), and the development of skin lesions, skin lupus band test (LBT), anti-DNA antibodies in sera, and the extent of glomerulonephritis of the kidney were examined. Long-term exposure to low doses of UVB irradiation accelerated the development of skin lesions and enhanced the intensity of the positive skin lupus band in MRL/l mice. The contents of anti-DNA antibodies in sera, the incidence of positive findings in LBT, and the extent of glomerulonephritis were not influenced by the UVB irradiation. The promotion of the development of the skin lesions in MRL/l mice by the UVB exposure was not considered to be associated with acceleration of systemic autoimmune phenomena.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical distribution of vitamin B12 R-binder in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinomas and normal kidney tissues were examined for the expression of vitamin B12 R-binder by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. In normal kidney tissue, the presence of the vitamin B12 R-binder was shown to be confined to the straight portion (pars recta) of proximal tubules. Seven of the 38 cases of renal cell carcinoma (18%) expressed the vitamin B12 R-binder antigen. This provides a further evidence of the proximal tubular nature of renal cell carcinoma, and suggests that a small proportion of renal cell carcinomas originate from the straight portion of the renal proximal tubules.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1987

High levels of anti-mitochondrial antibodies in MRL mice. Influence of anti-DNA antibodies on anti-mitochondrial antibodies measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

We developed an easy enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for anti-mitochondrial antibodies, and detected high levels of anti-mitochondrial antibodies in MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL1/l) mice. The influence of the presence of anti-DNA antibodies in the tested sera on this assay was also evaluated. The monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies, which were made from non-immunized MRL1/l mice, did not react with the mitochondrial antigens adhering to polystyrene plates. Absorption with DNA had little effect on the levels of mitochondrial antibodies in MRL1/l sera. Our assay for mitochondria-binding antibody was very easy and sensitive, although it could not differentiate among heterogeneous anti-mitochondrial antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

High levels of IgA-containing circulating immune complex and secretory IgA in Kawasaki disease.

Sera of patients with Kawasaki disease were studied for the levels of IgA-containing (C3-fixing) circulating immune complexes (IgA-CIC), IgG-containing (IgG-)CIC, total IgA, secretory IgA, and complement component (C3) by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or single radial immunodiffusion methods. There was significantly high level of IgA-CIC, but not IgG-CIC. The levels of total IgA, secretory IgA, and C3 were significantly elevated. Significantly high levels of secretory IgA were found in 22 (51%) of 43 patients. The proportion of secretory IgA to total IgA also increased. These abnormalities in the IgA system may play a role in Kawasaki disease.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical localisation of vitamin B12 R-binder in the human digestive tract.

The distribution of vitamin B12 R-binder in the human digestive tract was studied using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Positive staining for R-binder was found in the mucous cells and ductal epithelial cells of the salivary glands and the oesophageal glands. In normal gastric mucosa, no positive staining for R-binder was found, but in the area with intestinal metaplasia, the columnar epithelial cells and goblet cells showed positive staining. Epithelial cells of the gallbladder, intrahepatic bile ducts and pancreatic ducts were also positive for R-binder. In the small intestine and colon, R-binder was found in the columnar epithelial cells and goblet cells. The measurement of unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity and cobalamin content in the extracts from intestinal mucosa also indicated the presence of R-binder in the intestinal mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Distribution of vitamin B12 R binder in normal human tissues: an immunohistochemical study.

We studied the distribution of vitamin B12 R binder in various normal human tissues by use of an immunoperoxidase technique. Positive staining for R binder was observed in almost all glandular epithelia of digestive system, bronchial glands, renal proximal tubules, prostate, uterus, Fallopian tube, mammary gland, and sweat glands. The distribution of R binder was similar to that of lactoferrin and secretory component. These findings support the hypothesis that R binder plays a role in the local defense mechanism.

Digestive System↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical localization of the actin in the healing stage of gastric ulcers.

Healing gastric ulcers were examined immunohistochemically for the presence of myofibroblasts containing actin microfilaments. Twenty five surgical specimens of the gastric ulcer corresponding to the initial healing stage and the proliferative healing stage, and 30 surgical specimens of the acetic acid-induced ulcers in rats at 3, 8 (initial healing stage), and 15 (proliferative healing stage) days after ulcer induction were fixed and cut into 4-micron sections, which were then treated with anti-actin serum, peroxidase-antiperoxidase and incubated for the localization of actin. Controls were prepared using non-immune serum or preabsorbed immune serum. Actin-positive fibroblasts were seen at the edge and the floor of the ulcer in the initial healing stage, but not in the edge of the ulcer in the proliferative healing stage. Such cells may be responsible for the contraction of the ulcer caliver observed clinically in the initial healing stage of the gastric ulcer.

Actins↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of anti-cardiolipin antibody and its cross-reactivity in sera of patients with lepromatous leprosy.

Using a sensitive and modified solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detecting anti-cardiolipin antibodies, sera of 45 patients with lepromatous leprosy were examined. Nine of the 45 (20%) showed positive levels of anti-cardiolipin antibodies. Inhibition tests revealed that these antibodies significantly cross-reacted with double-stranded (ds) DNA, but not with single-stranded (ss) DNA or extractable nuclear antigens (ENA). We describe the unique pattern of antibody cross-reactivity with cardiolipin and dsDNA in sera of patients with lepromatous leprosy.

Antigens, Nuclear↗
PubMed1986

Possible polyclonal B cell activation in mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome.

Immunoserological studies on polyclonal B cell activation were carried out on 39 patients with mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS) and in age-matched healthy individuals. The incidence of anti-mite, P. acnes (Kato) and EB virus antibodies, recently proposed as aetiological agents by some investigators, was increased in the patient group. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) M level and IgM-anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) antibodies, which are considered to be parameters of polyclonal B cell activation, were determined in MCLS cases. The level of serum IgM in MCLS was significantly elevated (0.02 less than P less than 0.05). Levels of anti-DNP antibodies in seven cases of MCLS (18%) were significantly higher than those of the controls (P less than 0.01). Nine of the ten pair sera in MCLS showed a stage-dependent decrease in anti-DNP antibodies. These results suggest that polyclonal B cell activation occurs in MCLS.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1986

Galanin-induced hyperglycemia: effect on insulin and glucagon.

Synthetic galanin, infused at a rate of 4 micrograms/kg body weight/h for 30 min, elicited a mild but significant hyperglycemia in conscious dogs and a fall in plasma insulin. Pancreatic glucagon, epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol and growth hormone levels were not affected significantly. The mild hyperglycemic action of galanin seems to be due to an inhibition of insulin production. Thus galanin appears to be involved in glucose homeostasis.

Animals↗