PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Ohta

Publications and source records attributed to G Ohta.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Are hepatolithiasis and cholangiocarcinoma aetiologically related? A morphological study of 12 cases of hepatolithiasis associated with cholangiocarcinoma.

A few cases of cholangiocarcinoma (CC) related to hepatolithiasis have been reported to date, but the aetiological relationship remains unclear. In an attempt to clarify the relationship between two phenomena, we examined morphologically 12 cases of hepatolithiasis associated with CC and 26 cases of hepatolithiasis without CC, with the aid of immunohistochemical staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). In the livers where both hepatolithiasis and CC were found, the carcinoma spread along the lumenal surface of the stone-containing bile ducts and invaded the ductal walls. Features of "chronic proliferative cholangitis" which was a basic feature of hepatolithiasis, were found within the bile duct walls where carcinoma was invading. In some cases of chronic proliferative cholangitis with hepatolithiasis in the absence of CC, atypical epithelial hyperplasia was noted. Atypical epithelial hyperplasia was also found in bile ducts adjacent to and remote from CC. Atypical epithelial hyperplasia was positive for CEA. The data lead us to speculate that chronic proliferative cholangitis in the presence of hepatolithiasis can undergo progressive changes to atypical epithelial hyperplasia which may in turn progress to CC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Quantitation and serial section observations of focal venocclusive lesions of hepatic veins in liver cirrhosis.

The pathogenesis and functional significance of the venocclusive (VO) lesions in small hepatic veins occurring in liver cirrhosis, remain controversial. The present study, using quantitative examination and serial sections has disclosed that these lesions are present in 71.7% of 106 autopsy livers with alcoholic, HBsAg-positive, biliary or cryptogenic cirrhosis. The lesions were usually focal: their number in a liver section (10 cm2) was below 15 in 86.7% of the livers having them. The incidence and morphology of the lesions appeared similar in cirrhotic livers with different aetiology. Serial sections disclosed that the affected veins disappeared within the fibrous stroma at one side and were directly connected with the patent larger hepatic veins at other side, indicating that these veins had lost their function as a draining vein of the hepatic parenchyma. In addition, there was frequent recanalization within the VO lesions, and the recanalized vessels frequently communicated with neighboring thin-walled veins in cirrhotic stroma, suggesting an intrahepatic vein to vein anastomosis. In conclusion, VO lesions, when focal, may themselves be responsible to a lesser degree for obstruction of hepatic venous outflow in liver cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Multiple cysts in the hepatic hilum and their pathogenesis. A suggestion of periductal gland origin.

Multiple serous cysts involving only the hepatic hilum and larger portal tracts were found incidentally in 8 autopsy cases with several underlying liver diseases. The cysts were mostly small in size, and did not communicate with the lumena of the biliary tree. The lining of the cysts consisted of a single layer of columnar or cuboidal epithelium and the surrounding fibrous tissue was scanty. These were not associated with polycystic disease of the kidneys or cystic dilatation of the biliary tree. Cysts were absent in the liver parenchyma and an association with von Meyenburg complexes was rare. In the vicinity of the cysts there were many lobules of the glands which are physiologically present in the periductal connective tissue of the large intrahepatic bile ducts. It was noted that some of these glandular elements around the cysts disclosed varying degrees of cystic luminal dilatations. Almost all patients with such cysts had severe portal hypertension and over a half had occluding thromboemboli in the portal veins. These results lead us to propose the hypothesis that multiple cysts involving the hepatic hilum and the larger portal tracts are derived from the periductal glands in close association with an intrahepatic circulatory disturbance of the portal venous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Small hepatocellular carcinoma containing many Mallory bodies.

Four cases of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), consisting exclusively of Mallory body (MB)-containing cells, were presented. The MB-containing HCC cells seemed actively proliferating and infiltrated into the surrounding non-neoplastic tissue with a concomitant loss of the hepatic parenchyma, alpha-fetoprotein was immunohistochemically demonstrated in these MB-containing HCC cells. Therefore, the possibility arises that the process by which MBs are formed is a fundamental pathway that on some occasions may be linked with neoplastic transformation.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

An autopsy case of hemochromatosis and hepatoma combined with hereditary spherocytosis.

A case of hemochromatosis and hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to hereditary spherocytosis is very rare and this is only the second case reported in an English language bulletin. When the patient, a 56 years old man, was admitted for receiving cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis, a diagnosis of hemochromatosis secondary to hereditary spherocytosis was made by liver biopsy and hematological examination data. The patient did not receive a blood transfusion nor was administered iron during the entire duration of the illness. Hepatoma was suspected at the time of splenectomy which was performed in 1981 because of severe anemia. Eight months later he died of massive abdominal cavity bleeding and subsequent autopsy findings were consistent with the disease mentioned above. Clinical and postmortem examinations suggested that conspicuously enhanced erythropoiesis in the bone marrow and unknown factors may be responsible for an increase in iron absorption from the gut and in the amount of stored body iron, leading to the development of hemochromatosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver associated with polyarteritis nodosa.

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) of the liver was found at autopsy in a 74-year-old woman with generalized polyarteritis nodosa. Such an association is very rare. Small hepatic arteries displayed necrotizing angiitis with thrombotic occlusion of parallel-running portal veins in the portal tracts. Sinusoidal dilatations with an atrophy and occasional dropout of the hepatocytes were often found in the extranodular parenchyma around and between the hyperplastic nodules of hepatocytes. The arterial, portal venous, and sinusoidal lesions of the liver were prominent in the present case, and all might be contributing factors for the development of NRH of the liver.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Pathological study on livers with noncirrhotic portal hypertension and portal venous thromboembolic occlusion: report of seven autopsy cases.

Seven adult autopsied cases with noncirrhotic portal hypertension and thromboembolic occlusion of the large extra- and intrahepatic portal veins are presented. There were two types of portal venous occlusion: old thromboembolic occlusion (group A, two cases) and fresh thromboembolic occlusion (group B, five cases). In group A the occlusion was complete and the affected veins, which were identified clearly by elastic fiber stains, were characteristically shrunk to cause a long-standing portal hypertension. Extra- and intrahepatic collaterals were prominent. In group B the extra- and, sometimes, intrahepatic larger portal veins with fresh thromboemboli revealed variable degrees of phlebosclerosis, probably resulting from organization of repeated portal venous thromboemboli. These sclerotic changes further extended into the medium-sized and smaller intrahepatic portal veins. The latter and other hepatic morphology resembled those of idiopathic portal hypertension without larger portal venous occlusion (group C). Thus, in group B the widespread involvement of the portal venous system by thromboembolic events, particularly the smaller ones, might be important not only for the development of portal hypertension but also for understanding the hepatic pathology of idiopathic portal hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Pathological study of hepatolithiasis with special reference to unusual cases].

Morphological survey was performed in 140 liver specimens of hepatolithiasis which were collected from several pathological and surgical Departments in Japan. Among them there were 19 cases with unusual features suggestive of presumed lithogenic processes. They consisted of association of congenital dilatation of biliary tree (5 cases), association of stenosis or obstruction of biliary tree occurring prior to lithiasis (4 cases), association of anomalous communication between biliary tree (1 case), presence of serous glands simulating to pancreatic exocrine glands in biliary tree (1 case), association of non-biliary hepatic cirrhosis (4 cases), association of chronic ulcerative colitis (1 case), intrahepatic cholesterol stone (2 cases) and association of granulomatous cholangitis (1 case). Chronic proliferative cholangitis which is consistently seen in a common type of hepatolithiasis was found in about a half of these unusual cases and not in the remaining cases. Based on the observations of these unusual cases, the following suggestions were obtained: dilatation, bile stasis or cholangitis may be a lithogenic factor of hepatolithiasis, and chronic proliferative cholangitis associated with a numerous amount of mucinous glands is not always a prerequisite lesion and exerts a promoting and accelerating effect in hepatolithiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting extrahepatic biliary obstruction.

An autopsy case of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting extrahepatic obstructive jaundice was reported. The patient was a 68-year-old man with 5-year history of chronic liver disease and markedly jaundiced, and died of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Autopsy revealed hepatocellular carcinoma associated with liver cirrhosis and metastatic polypoid growth in the common bile duct and cystic duct which completely obstructed the duct lumen. Obstructive jaundice secondary to complete obstruction of the common bile duct was a rare complication of hepatocellular carcinoma. The other 85 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting extrahepatic biliary obstruction are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Primary carcinoid tumor of the larynx and review of the literature.

Primary carcinoid tumor of the larynx is very rare. This is the fifth case reported in the literature and the first autopsy case of laryngeal carcinoid. The early manifestation of the present case was multiple metastasis to the skin. At autopsy there was a laryngeal tumor associated with widespread visceral and cutaneous metastases. The tumor proved to be carcinoid tumor by histological, histochemical and electron microscopic findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Florid duct lesions and extensive bile duct loss of the intrahepatic biliary tree in chronic liver diseases other than primary biliary cirrhosis.

Intrahepatic biliary tree with either florid duct lesions or a moderate to severe degree of the duct loss in four livers with chronic hepatic diseases other than primary biliary cirrhosis were studied with histometric and serial section observations. Florid duct lesions, distributed segmentally in the liver, were found in one case with incomplete septal cirrhosis and one case with idiopathic portal hypertension. The florid duct lesions including marked plasma cell infiltration and occasional periductal granulomas, were not associated with any bile duct loss in the two cases. The duct lesions were reversible in one case during a long clinical course. On the other hand, a moderate to severe bile duct loss with biliary epithelial degeneration and necrosis was associated with no or little periductal inflammatory cell infiltration in one other case with chronic intrahepatic cholestasis, probably drug-induced, and in one case with idiopathic portal hypertension. Although florid duct lesions and bile duct loss were important diagnostic features of primary biliary cirrhosis, one of them was observed to develop independently in severely diseased livers, not consistent with a diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis, sclerosing cholangitis or intrahepatic bile duct paucity syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Hypereosinophilic syndrome with extensive myocardial involvement and mitral valve thrombus instead of mural thrombi.

A 68-year-old woman complained of repeated signs of congestive heart failure during the last 10 years. Clinical examination revealed persistent marked eosinophilia of the peripheral blood. Postmortem examination of the heart revealed multiple thrombo-embolic materials of the small vascular lumina throughout the myocardium, associated with marked perivascular and stromal infiltration of eosinophils, many foci of myocardial necrosis, and diffuse myocardial fibrosis. There was also an organizing thrombus in the posterior mitral valve. Neither subendocardial fibrosis, overlying mural thrombi in the endocardium, pulmonary infiltration of eosinophils nor systemic granulomatous or healed vasculitis in the lungs and other organs were found. The disease is preferably consistent with a diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome of Hardy et al., a group of ill-defined and overlapping conditions, and best descriptively termed as eosinophilic interstitial myocarditis.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

T cell lymphoma presenting clinical and morphological features resembling polymorphic reticulosis and lymphomatoid granulomatosis.

A male, 53 years old, complained of a mass on the left side of neck. The biopsy specimens revealed extensive necrotizing lesions with polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration. About three years later a recurrence from the same site was noted and the rebiopsy specimens showed features of malignant lymphoma of pleomorphic type. Subsequently multiple cutaneous nodules and then ulcerative lesions of the midfacial region developed and repeated biopsies were done. Immunological examination indicated that the lymphoid cells obtained from the skin lesion had predominantly T-lymphocyte marker. He died of massive hemorrhage from the nasopharyngeal lesion 51 months after the first admission. Autopsy revealed multiple organ involvements, including the nasopharynx, lungs, subcutaneous tissue, and adrenal gland. The morphological features in the present case were compatible with a diagnosis of lymphomatoid granulomatosis or polymorphic reticulosis (midline malignant reticulosis), and were thought to be best designated as T cell lymphoma.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Morphology of cirrhosis and occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in alcoholics with and without HBsAg and in non-alcoholic HBsAg-positive patients. A comparative autopsy study.

The morphology of liver cirrhosis and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in HBsAg-positive alcoholics (17 cases) were examined and compared with those of HBsAg-negative alcoholics (31 cases) and HBsAg-positive non-alcoholics (59 cases). These materials were obtained from our autopsy cases during the last 9 years. About 70% of the 17 showed macronodular cirrhosis, in which periportal and portal lymphoid cell infiltration and liver cell dysplasia were often present, as seen in HBsAg positive non-alcoholics. Furthermore, the liver weight and age distribution at autopsy in HBsAg-positive alcoholics were similar to those of HBsAg-positive non-alcoholics and different from those of HBsAg-negative alcoholics. The association rate of HCC was very high in HBsAg-positive alcoholics (64.7%), similar to that in HBsAg-positive non-alcoholics (67.8%), while the rate in HBsAg-negative alcoholics was low (22.6%). It therefore seems likely that in HBsAg-positive alcoholics concomitant HB virus infection has a major effect on the development of cirrhosis, especially a macronodular type, and on HCC formation.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Electron microscopic observation of destruction of biliary epithelium in primary biliary cirrhosis.

Electron microscopic studies of the intrahepatic biliary tree in 16 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) disclosed four types of biliary epithelial injury suggesting cell death in the ducts: 1) coagulative and 2) lytic necrosis without detachment of affected cells from the biliary epithelial layer, and 3) apoptosis and 4) detachment of several adjoining biliary cells from the basement membrane and neighboring biliary cells. Lesions 1), 2) and 3) were also found in livers with extrahepatic cholestasis without bile duct loss, and 1) and 2) were found in PBC livers irrespective of the degree of bile duct loss. 3) was rare and mostly confined to bile ductules, when present. By contrast, 4) was only observed in PBC, especially in livers with a moderate degree of bile duct loss in which extensive bile duct destruction appeared to be progressing. Detached biliary cells in lesion 4) were occasionally in contact with and/or surrounded by migrating lymphocytes with pseudopod formation, suggesting lymphocyte-target cell interactions. It therefore seems possible that epithelial detachment is an important ultrastructural lesion associated with extensive bile duct destruction in PBC livers.

Adult↗