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Biomedical subjects

G Oktay

Publications and source records attributed to G Oktay.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Biochemical analysis of total collagen content and collagen types I, III, IV, V and VI in gingiva of various periodontitis categories.

Collagen is one of the chief components of the extracellular matrix of gingival connective tissue, where five different types have been identified to date. The molecular mechanism of collagen loss in periodontitis still needs to be explored. In the present study total collagen content was investigated in gingival connective tissue of adult periodontitis (AP) as well as early onset periodontitis patients (EOP) and clinically healthy subjects. Furthermore, collagen type I, III, IV, V andVI content was evaluated in gingival biopsies obtained from periodontitis patients. There was a statistically significant difference between AP (25.1 +/- 8.1 microg/mg) and EOP (15.6 +/- 4.0microg/mg) groups with regard to the total collagen content (P < 0.05). In the clinically healthy control group the total collagen content was 20.7 +/- 4.6microg/mg. Moreover, the distribution of collagen types exhibited variations in pooled homogenates of each periodontitis group. The total collagen loss seemed to be greater in the EOP patients than in the AP patients. When the ratio of fibril forming collagens to nonfibrillar collagens was evaluated, it seems to be decreased in AP patients in comparison to EOP patients. The findings of the present study suggest that different collagen types present in various periodontitis categories may be related with diverse pathogenic mechanisms acting in these diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on incisional wound healing in an experimental diabetic rat model.

The exact nature of poor wound healing in diabetes is uncertain. Neutrophils play a critical role in the host defense mechanism, and it is suggested that impaired neutrophil functions cause healing difficulties with or without infections in diabetic patients. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is used clinically when given systematically to increase the circulating neutrophils, but its wound-healing effects have not been systematically studied. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of GM-CSF on incisional wound healing in an experimental diabetic rat model. Forty rats were randomly divided into three groups, group I receiving saline as control, diabetes-induced group II receiving saline and diabetes-induced group III receiving GM-CSF. The anesthetized rats in all groups were wounded 21 days after diabetes induction by streptozotocin. Blood neutrophil counts and neutrophil fractions were also determined three days after wounding. Tensile strengths of wounded skin and the hydroxyproline (hyp) level of the wound were determined and wound healing processes were evaluated by light and electron microscopy, fourteen days after wounding. Neutrophil counts and phagocytosis were significantly increased in group III and neutrophil counts decreased in group II (p < 0.05). Although the hydroxyproline level of wound tissue significantly decreased in group II as compared with group III (p < 0.05), there was no differences of tensile strength between group II and III (p < 0.05). Wound score in group II was less than that in groups I and III (p < 0.05). It is concluded that PMN may have a role in modulating wound healing. GM-CSF may be useful for creating better wound healing healing. GM-CSF may be useful for creating better wound healing in risky patients such as diabetics.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effect of season and dietary energy concentration on composition and strength of skin in naked neck fowl.

1. Two experiments, in spring and summer, were conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary energy concentration on the composition and strength of the skin of naked neck fowl. The heterozygous naked neck birds were also compared with their normally feathered sibs under summer temperatures. 2. The average temperatures were 21.2 degrees C and 27.1 degrees C in spring and summer experiments, respectively. Three concentrations of dietary energy were fed to the birds. The diets used were: a low energy diet of 12.12 MJ ME/kg; a medium energy diet of 12.96 MJ ME/kg; and a high energy diet of 13.79 MJ ME/kg. Two protein concentration per energy treatment, 230 and 200 g/kg, respectively were used from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks of age. 3. A significant season sex interaction showed that the skin of males had higher protein and collagen and lower dry matter and fat content than that of females, when grown under summer conditions. No sex differences were present under spring conditions. 4. The differences between sexes was not significant in spring but males had stronger skin than females in summer. Neither ambient temperature nor dietary energy concentration significantly affected skin displacement of naked neck birds. 5. In comparing the naked neck and their normally feathered sibs in the summer experiment, it was found that naked neck birds had lower skin fat content and higher skin protein content than normally feathered birds.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1998

A comparison of the blood lipid profiles of professional sportspersons and controls.

Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and HDL-C/TC levels are important in determining the risk of coronary heart disease. The serum lipids and lipoprotein levels of regularly training sportspersons and non-sporting controls were determined and compared with each other to investigate the effects of exercise and sex on these factors. HDL-C levels of male and female training groups were higher than those of corresponding non-sporting groups (respectively P < 0.01, P < 0.001). The sportswomen's HDL-C levels were higher (P < 0.05); and TC, TG, and LDL-C levels were lower. (P < 0.001) than those of sportsmen's levels. The non-sporting women's TC and TG levels were lower than those of non-sporting men's levels (P < 0.001). HDL-C/TC ratio of active females was higher than that of control females (P < 0.01). The corresponding difference in males was also significant. We conclude that physical activity and sex have effects on risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Bacteriological examination of paper money].

Bacteriological survey of one hundred twenty currency notes was done. Aerobic spore-forming bacilli (91%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (63.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.2%), Enterococcus (24.1%), alpha-hem. streptococcus (4.1%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (1.7%), Corynebacterium (7.5%), Lactobacilli (10.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.7%), Enterobacter (19.2%), E. coli (17.5%), Proteus (1.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.8%), Shigella flexneri (0.8%) were isolated from paper money samples. Currency notes in general were bacteriologically contaminated especially with enteric pathogens and potentially pathogens, it was thought that some measures have to be taken to reduce these ill effects.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1992

[The effectiveness of various disinfection methods on the surface of gloved hands].

The gloved hands were contaminated by using E.coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Brain Heart Infusion broth cultures and the efficacy of tap water, unmedicated bar soap, benzalkonium chloride 1% (Zefiran), Na-hypochloride 1% and 5%, alcohol 70%, hexachlorophene 3%, hexachlorophene 3% liquid soap (Solu-heks), chlorhexidine 1.5% liquid soap (Savlon), chlorhexidine 4% liquid soap (Hibiscrub), povidone-iodine 10% solution (Betadine and polyod), povidone-iodine 7.5% liquid soap (Betadine and Polyod) were compared onto the gloved hands. Disinfectants were applied for 30, 45 and 60 seconds. It was found that washing time of 30 seconds with chlorhexidine 4% (Hibiscrub) liquid soap or povidone-iodine 7.5% liquid soap (Betadine and Polyod) was required to eradicate all the organisms inoculated from both glove surfaces. Povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine were more effective washing agents than the other disinfectants. In underdeveloped or developing countries and areas where gloves can not easily supplied, it has been suggested that gloved hands could be washed between patient treatments and gloves re-used in dentistry, gynecology and like the other areas of medicine. Chlorhexidine 4% and povidone-iodine 7.5% liquid soaps are recommended as a hand-washing agents in these areas.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship between neutrophils and incisional wound healing.

The systemic administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is used clinically to increase circulating neutrophils, but its wound healing effects after intraperitoneal treatment have not been studied yet. We planned to investigate the effect of neutrophils on wound healing under cyclophosphamide and GM-CSF treatment. Forty rats were divided into three groups: control group (group I, n = 12) receiving saline, group II (n = 14) receiving cyclophosphamide and group III (n = 14) receiving GM- CSF. The rats in all groups underwent incisional wounding and were euthanized after 7 days. Blood neutrophil counts and functions, tensile strengths and the hydroxyproline level of skin were determined, and a histopathological evaluation of healing was made. Neutrophil counts and phagocytosis significantly increased in group III and decreased in group II. Although the skin hydroxyproline level did not differ, there was a difference in tensile strength of the wounded skin between group II and group III. The wound score in group II was lower than that in groups III and I. As a result we suggest that systemically given GM-CSF - by increasing the neutrophil count and neutrophil phagocytosis index - can enhance the tensile strength of surgical incisions.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of L-carnitine on respiratory function tests in children undergoing chronic hemodialysis.

Respiratory functions are affected during hemodialysis. Ultrafiltration rate, acid-base balance and the strength of respiratory muscles have been suggested as important factors in adults undergoing chronic hemodialysis. L-carnitine is crucial for energy producing utilization fatty acid and, possible amino acids. Carnitine treatment has been associated with hypertrophy of type I muscle fibers. Carnitine supplementation in nondialysis patients increases exercise tolerance. Eventually, administration of L-carnitine to adult hemodialysis patients improves exercise capacity, energy metabolism and muscle mass. The study was performed to investigate the chronic effects of L-carnitine treatment on respiratory functions in children receiving chronic hemodialysis therapy. Predialytic and postdialytic respiratory function tests were performed in ten children with end-stage renal disease before and after a three-month L-carnitine treatment period. The mean age was 12 +/- 4 years. L-carnitine was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg intravenously at the end of each hemodialysis session. Mean predialytic serum carnitine value before and after the carnitine treatment period were 21.8 +/- 3 and 132.0 +/- 48.5 mmol/L, respectively, and the increase was significant (p < 0.05). Respiratory function tests performed just before the carnitine treatment period implied bronchospasm that was clinically vague and could only be detected by a significant decrease in FEV1/FVC, PEF and FEF25-75 values (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, at the end of the three-month carnitine therapy period these respiratory function parameters did not show any significant variation. Hence, it is implied that carnitine therapy might have prevented the subclinic bronchospasm that developed in children during hemodialysis.

Adolescent↗