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Biomedical subjects

G Ottomanelli

Publications and source records attributed to G Ottomanelli.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Safe sex behavior in drug-addicted males as a function of object relations.

An inventory of sexual behavior was administered in a hospital detoxification program to 127 drug-addicted males, who also completed a modified form of the Defense Mechanisms Inventory (DMI) which yields a measure of object relations. Condom use was shown to be related to an object relations mode that typifies the individual who can structure reality and needs without requiring an integral aspect of "the other" in his approach. Standardization and factor analytic data are also presented for the DMI and the object relations measure for this population. The resulting pattern and the small effect size are discussed within the reality constraints of the addicted patient, as well as within the psychometric parameters inherent in psychoanalytic research.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

I.v. versus non-i.v. drug use and selected patient variables related to AIDS risk behaviors.

A sample of 206 drug users volunteered for a survey questionnaire of AIDS-related risk behaviors. The Risk Behavior Inventory (RBI) was used to elicit self-report information on risk behaviors including drug use, needle use, and sexual practices. Non-IV cocaine users reported less risk behaviors than patients involved in IV drug use. Nevertheless, non-IV users remained substantially at risk for HIV exposure because of sexual practices and sexual interaction with IV drug users. Multiple regression analysis indicated that method of drug administration (IV vs non-IV) was the major contributor of accountable variance in risk behaviors, while other patient variables, such as age, gender, educational level, employment, and marital status, did not contribute significantly to the explained variance.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Condom knowledge, history of use, and attitudes among chemically addicted populations.

The need for behavioral change of risky sexual practices has been of the highest priority since the onset of the AIDS epidemic. The major focus of education for safe sex has been emphasis on condom use. We surveyed 124 individuals applying to treatment for various chemical dependencies and 60 individuals applying for non-chemical-dependency medical treatment on various aspects of condom knowledge, history of use, and attitudes. Respondents reported that AIDS has motivated them to increase their use of condoms, however, only 13.9% always use them. Education is needed in the areas of increasing protection. Along with the use of a condom, the need for a reservoir tip and the risks associated with multiple sex partners should be stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

AIDS-related risk behaviors among substance abusers.

Ninety-two substance abusers were surveyed about AIDS-related risk behaviors. The questionnaire administered elicited information on demographics, sexual practices, substance abuse, and risk behaviors involving the use of needles. Results indicated an appropriate base of prevention knowledge and patients' efforts to modify vulnerability to HIV exposure. Nevertheless, patients continue to engage in behaviors resulting in HIV exposure and transmission.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

A behavioral measure of AIDS information seeking by drug and alcohol inpatients.

A nonreactive, observational research method was used to measure AIDS information-seeking behavior of patients on four drug and alcohol inpatient units at a large public hospital in New York City. Results showed only 23 inquiries from 271 male and female patients over a six-week interval. Possible explanations and implications of these results are discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

DMI-measured defenses and HIV-related risk behaviors in i.v. compared to non-i.v. substance abusers.

The Defense Mechanism Inventory (DMI) and The Risk Behavior Inventory (RBI) were administered to substance abusers hospitalized on a drug detoxification service. The groups were categorized on the basis of self-reported IV versus non-IV substance abuse. Significant between-group differences were obtained on the DMI and RBI. The non-IV group responded less often than the IV group with the Turning Against Object (TAO) response option, resulting in higher scores when Turning Against Self (TAS), Reversal (REV), Principalization (PRN) and Projection (PRO) were summed into a single score. Significant within-group differences were obtained for DMI response levels and defenses. Both groups relied less on TAO at the thought level and more on PRN and REV as primary defenses. The IV group reported twice as many risk behaviors as the non-IV group and risked HIV exposure through needle use and sexual transmission modes. Consideration was given to the role of principalization and denial within the addicted individual's defense structure and the relationship of these defenses to HIV-related risk behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Patient expectations and participation in a polydrug treatment program: a replicated field process study.

Substance abusers enrolled in a polydrug treatment program were administered Q sorts using items eliciting patients' attitudes toward types of treatment services as well as their counselor preferences and expected duration of treatment enrollment. An attempt was made to relate the patients' treatment expectations to their participation in the program service areas. Two independent patient samples (N = 72, N = 96) were surveyed over a 2-year period. Scales developed through factor analysis of the items sorted by the first sample generally replicated on the second sample. Significant differences were found for expectations and program participation between the two samples, but within-group relationships found in the first sample generally did not replicate on the second sample.

Attitude to Health↗