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G P Berman

Publications and source records attributed to G P Berman.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Quantum instability of a Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive interaction.

We study the quantum and the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate gas confined in a toroidal trap. According to GP, if the interatomic interaction is attractive, the rotational states of the system can be dynamically stable or unstable depending on the strength of the mean-field energy. The full quantum analysis, however, reveals that the condensate is always unstable. Quantum fluctuations are particularly important close to the GP stability borderline, even for systems with a relatively large number of condensate atoms.

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PubMed2001

Avoiding quantum chaos in quantum computation.

We study a one-dimensional chain of nuclear 1/2 spins in an external time-dependent magnetic field, considered as a possible candidate for experimental realization of quantum computation. According to the general theory of interacting particles, one of the most dangerous effects is quantum chaos that can destroy the stability of quantum operations. The standard viewpoint is that the threshold for the onset of quantum chaos due to an interaction between spins (qubits) strongly decreases with an increase of the number of qubits. Contrary to this opinion, we show that the presence of a nonhomogeneous magnetic field can strongly reduce quantum chaos effects. We give analytical estimates that explain this effect, together with numerical data supporting our analysis.

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PubMed2001

Delocalization border and onset of chaos in a model of quantum computation.

We study the properties of spectra and eigenfunctions for a chain of 1/2 spins (qubits) in an external time-dependent magnetic field and under the conditions of nonselective excitation (when the amplitude of the magnetic field is large). This model is known as a possible candidate for experimental realization of quantum computation. We present the theory for finding delocalization transitions and show that for the interaction between nearest qubits, the transition is very different from that in quantum chaos. We explain this phenomena by showing that in the considered region of parameters our model is close to an integrable one. According to a general opinion, the threshold for the onset of quantum chaos due to the interqubit interaction decreases with an increase of the number of qubits. Contrary to this expectation, for a magnetic field with constant gradient we have found that chaos border does not depend on the number of qubits. We give analytical estimates that explain this effect, together with numerical data supporting our analysis. Random models with long-range interactions have been studied as well. In particular, we show that in this case the delocalization and quantum chaos borders coincide.

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PubMed2001

Solid-state quantum computer based on scanning tunneling microscopy.

We propose a solid-state nuclear-spin quantum computer based on application of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and well-developed silicon technology. It requires the measurement of tunneling-current modulation caused by the Larmor precession of a single electron spin. Our envisioned STM quantum computer would operate at the high magnetic field (approximately 10 T) and at low temperature approximately 1 K.

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