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Biomedical subjects

G P Bridger

Publications and source records attributed to G P Bridger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. A new dermoplasty technique.

A new dermoplasty technique is described that allows both sides of the nasal septum to be covered with a single split-skin graft. This graft is designed with a narrow central dermal band that covers the septal dorsum and can be buried under the alar tissues. Exposure is obtained via a modified external rhinoplasty approach. The operation has been successfully performed on 11 patients, and in nine of them the graft take was complete.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Paranasal sinus cancer.

This is a review of 65 patients with paranasal sinus malignancies who were treated by radical surgery. Most patients received either pre- or postoperative radiotherapy. Twenty-nine tumours arose in the maxillary antrum, seventeen in the ethmoid labyrinth and the remainder from the vestibule, nasal septum, lateral nasal wall and vault. There were 58 epithelial cancers. The 5-year survival rate for patients with adenocarcinoma was 78%, and 70% for antral squamous cell cancer and esthesioneuroblastoma. None of the melanoma patients survived free of disease for 5 years. The 5-year survival rate for the 21 patients undergoing orbital exenteration was 50%, compared with 70% when the eye was spared. Twelve free flap revascularized tissue transfer flaps were used to reconstruct large cranial and sino-orbital defects.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Microvascular free flap in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

A 69-year-old male patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia presented with severe epistaxis requiring repeated transfusions. Both nasal passages were densely populated with these vascular malformations that involved the entire nasal mucosa. A total rhinotomy was performed and all the nasal mucosa and turbinates were excised. Both nasal passages were completely resurfaced with a free radial forearm skin flap. The vascular pedicle was delivered from the nasal passage via the maxillary antrum to anastomose with the facial vessels in the cheek. Following surgery the patient had no further significant epistaxis.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Anterior craniofacial resection for ethmoid and nasal cancer with free flap reconstruction.

Two surgical approaches were used for nasal and ethmoid cancers involving the anterior skull base. A craniofacial operation with the assistance of a neurosurgeon was employed when the cribriform plate was infiltrated. A frontofacial operation through the frontal sinus was preferred when the cribriform plate was radiologically intact. Thirty patients underwent radical surgery with a minimum three-year follow-up. Thirteen of 16 patients with adenocarcinoma survived. Since 1980, nine patients have had their surgical defects repaired with a revascularized tensor fascia lata muscle and skin flap. The flap is tailored to support the cranial contents, provide muscle bulk for the orbitomaxillectomy cavity, and provide skin for the face, nasal, and palatal surfaces. There were two free flap failures.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Plunging ranula: literature review and report of three cases.

Three cases of plunging ranula are described and the literature is reviewed. In many cases, a plunging ranula is iatrogenic and follows surgery to an oral ranula. In the cases presented, the cervical swelling was associated with prolongations of sublingual gland into or through the mylohyoid muscle. All patients were cured by partial or total excision of the sublingual gland.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Surgical closure of septal perforations.

Septal perforations only require treatment when symptoms develop. Two surgical procedures are described for the repair of septal perforations. For defects up to 2 cm, a posterior inverting septal flap composed of mucoperiosteum taken from the bony septum has been successful in seven of eight patients. In two patients with large defects, a two-staged nasolabial skin flap was rotated into the defect and was successful in each case.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Craniofacial resection for paranasal sinus cancer with free flap repair.

A combined transcranial and facial approach is recommended for antroethmoidal cancers which have invaded the cribriform plate area. This permits a complete enbloc excision of the ethmoid labyrinths. In most patients orbital exenteration was necessary because of tumour invasion. In the facial approach adequate exposure is achieved by mobilizing the entire nasal complex which is swung to the contralateral side. The surgical defect is repaired with a revascularized tensor fascia lata muscle and skin flap. The flap is tailored to support the cranial contents, provide muscle bulk for the orbitomaxillectomy cavity and skin for the face, nasal and palatal surfaces. Postoperative complications are few and most patients received their planned postoperative radiotherapy within a few weeks of the surgery. Since 1980, nine patients have been treated and six of these remain alive and free of disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Vertical partial laryngectomy for glottic carcinoma.

Vertical partial laryngectomy is recommended as primary treatment for selected T2 glottic cancers. Some irradiation failures are also suitable but the indications are more restricted. A careful assessment of the cancer is mandatory. Of 12 patients undergoing primary surgery, no patient has died from their disease. Five of seven irradiation failures were salvaged by vertical partial laryngectomy.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Pharyngocutaneous fistulae following laryngectomy.

This retrospective analysis of 100 patients revealed a postoperative pharyngocutaneous fistula rate of 15.3% following total laryngectomy, and 21.4% following partial pharyngolaryngectomy. All fistulae were benign. None resulted in mortality. The most significant risk factor for the development of fistulae is prior radiotherapy, especially high dose (greater than 5000 rads). Other factors include postoperative haemoglobin less than 12.0 g/dl, pyriform sinus tumour, and larger tumour size. Both the prior administration of radiotherapy and the site of the fistula opening most influence management problems.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Regulatory characteristics of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from the extreme thermophile, Thermus aquaticus.

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from the extremely thermophilic bacterium, Thermus aquaticus YT-1, exhibits a virtually absolute requirement for acetyl CoA and there is strong positive cooperativity in the interaction of this activator with the enzyme. Several tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates inhibit the enzyme. These findings suggest an anaplerotic role for the enzyme and an allosteric modulation of its activity by acetyl CoA and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1978

Metastatic neck nodes of unknown primary origin.

The patient who presents with a metastatic node in the neck should first have a thorough examination of the upper part of the respiratory tract and then a needle aspiration biopsy of the neck mass to confirm the diagnosis of cancer. Biopsy excision or incision of the neck tumour is unnecessary and can prejudice the patient's survival. In approximately 85% of cases, the occult primary tumour will be discovered after endoscopic examination with biopsies of appropriate areas. At the Prince of Wales Hospital, 43 patients received treatment for metastatic neck lesions where no primary tumour was found before definitive treatment. These patients were divided into three groups. Seventeen patients had potentially curable neck tumours, while the remaining two groups were divided into those with incurable neck masses and those with supraclavicular nodes. The three-year survival rate for the potentially curable group was 64%. However, only one patient in the other two groups survived. Radiotherapy to the neck node and likely primary site is recommended as the main form of therapy for nodes up to 3 cm in diameter. For nodes greater than 3 cm, a combination of surgery and radiotherapy gives the best results.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Laryngeal cancer and smoking.

The smoking habits of 109 male patients with laryngeal cancer were analysed. Two-thirds were heavy smokers. There was one non-smoker. In 12 cases, stopping smoking did not prevent the onset of cancer. Alcohol appears to be a contributing factor. Recent studies have suggested that lowered patient immunity and the herpes virus may be important aetiological factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

A neck incision.

A "hockey stick" neck incision is recommended for laryngectomy with neck dissection, especially when the surgery follows radiotherapy.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1976

Occurrence of phosphenolpyruvate carboxylase in the extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus.

In the extreme thermophile Thermus aquaticus, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase catalyzes carbon dioxide fixation on the C3 metabolite phosphoenolpyruvate, producing oxaloacetate. In a moderately thermophilic Bacillus species this function is fulfilled by pyruvate carboyxlase. Like several of its mesophilic counterparts, the Thermus enzyme exhibits a requirement for acetyl coenzyme A.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗