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Biomedical subjects

G P Davis

Publications and source records attributed to G P Davis.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Use of venlafaxine in children and adolescents: a review of current literature.

Pediatric psychopharmacology is hindered by the relative lack of controlled, empirical clinical trials [Shatzberg and Nemeroff, 1998: Washington, D.C.: The American Psychiatric Press, Inc. p 301-306]. Psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents carry considerable morbidity, impede development, and carry a significant mortality by suicide. Therefore, there is a need for studies of antidepressants and other psychotropics in children and adolescents. This article reviews the preliminary evidence that venlafaxine (Effexor), a novel antidepressant, may be useful in children and adolescents with a variety of psychiatric disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Localization of a quantitative trait locus via a Bayesian approach.

A Bayesian approach to the direct mapping of a quantitative trait locus (QTL), fully utilizing information from multiple linked gene markers, is presented in this paper. The joint posterior distribution (a mixture distribution modeling the linkage between a biallelic QTL and N gene markers) is computationally challenging and invites exploration via Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The parameter's complete marginal posterior densities are obtained, allowing a diverse range of inferences. Parameters estimated include the QTL genotype probabilities for the sires and the offspring, the allele frequencies for the QTL, and the position and additive and dominance effects of the QTL. The methodology is applied through simulation to a half-sib design to form an outbred pedigree structure where there is an entire class of missing information. The capacity of the technique to accurately estimate parameters is examined for a range of scenarios.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1999

A Bayesian approach to ordering gene markers.

A technique is presented whereby a marker map can be constructed using resource family data with an entire class of missing data. The focus is on a half-sib design where there is only information on a single parent and its progeny. A Bayesian approach is utilised with solutions obtained via a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Features of the approach include the capacity to determine parameters for the ungenotyped dam population, the ability to incorporate published information and its reliability, and the production of posterior densities and the consequent deduction of a wide range of inferences. These features are demonstrated through the analysis of simulated and experimental data.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

The impact of genetic markers on selection.

Genetic marker technologies, such as marker-assisted selection, parentage identification, and gene introgression can be applied to livestock selection programs. Highly saturated genetic maps are now available for cattle, swine, and sheep to provide the genetic framework for developing MAS programs. These programs rely on three phases for commercialization of the technology: the detection phase, in which quantitative trait loci are located and their effects on the phenotype measured; the evaluation phase, in which the markers are evaluated in commercial populations; and the implementation phase, in which markers are combined with phenotypic and pedigree information in genetic evaluation for predicting the genetic merit of individuals within the population. Predicting the economic impact of genetic technologies is a complex process that requires quantitative prediction and economic analysis. Evaluating the impact of these benefits across an industry can be achieved through a process in which gains from implementation of a genetic technology are assessed at the individual, enterprise, and industry levels. A pattern of annual benefits and costs can be predicted using gene flows that can be evaluated by conventional economic analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

A clinical study of competency in psychiatric inpatients.

A 15-item questionnaire used to evaluate competency to consent to psychiatric hospitalization was validated using a blind forensic psychiatric interview. The statistical correlation was excellent with p < .001. The questionnaire also correlated highly with the Mini-Mental State exam (p < .05), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (p < .05), and the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised vocabulary subtest (p < .01). This questionnaire may be a useful instrument for preliminary screening of psychiatric patients for competency to consent to hospitalization and general psychiatric treatment.

Adult↗