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Biomedical subjects

G P Titova

Publications and source records attributed to G P Titova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Choice of optimal policy for treatment of acute pancreatitis].

662 case records of patients with acute pancreatitis are analysed and principles for the choice of optimal treatment of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) are established. The most justified policy in treatment of AD patients seems to be conservative-expectant. The treatment should satisfy the phases of the course of acute pancreatitis and severity of the disease. At the first stage of the disease the treatment should be aimed at correction of pancreatic toxemia and prophylaxis of pyogenic complications. Surgical interventions at this phase are risky and hardly justified. If there are indications for drainage, laparoscopy and small invasive interventions under US control are preferable. At the second stage conservative-expectant policy should be also used as a method of choice, and treatment should be aimed at prophylaxis of purulent complications. The presence of aseptic necroses are not an absolute indication for surgery if there are no clear signs of suppuration. The presence of purulent complications is an indication for surgical treatment; extraperitoneal approaches to pyogenous areas and their drainage by wide two-lumen tubes for the following use of aspiration--lavage treatment are more preferable.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Possibilities of enteral correction of posthemorrhagic disorders depending on the absorption function of the small intestine].

Physiologic and morphologic research on animals in chronic experiment shows that depression of small intestine absorption function takes place during the first hour after hemorrhage of 30-40 ml/kg for 30-50% of animals and after hemorrhage of 50 ml/kg for 100% animals. This excludes except the possibility of efficient post-hemorrhage hypovolemia enteral correction without additional treatment. Enteral correction appears to be sufficient to preserve animal's life, being applied in 30 minutes after the hemorrhage of 30-40 ml/kg or in 90 minutes after the hemorrhage of 20 ml/kg.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The morphogenesis of pancreonecrosis].

Pancreas was studied histologically, histochemically and electron microscopically in 117 autopsy cases and in the experiment (25 dogs and 60 white rats). Morphogenesis of pancreonecrosis proceeds through certain stages. The initial stages of an acute pancreatic edema is characterized by degenerative and necrotic changes of pancreocytes with parapedesis of pancreatic enzymes into the interstitium and a reactive stromal edema. The following stages are distinguished in the progressing phase of pancreonecrosis: hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis when the proteolytic enzymes provoke a colliquation necrosis of the acinar tissue, fibrinoid necrosis of vascular walls and disturbances of the intravascular hemorheology resulting in the enhancement of destructive processes and hemorrhagic inhibition of tissues; fat pancreonecrosis in which lipolytic enzymes lead to the coagulation necrosis of the acinar and fat tissue while a non-completed proteolysis of necrotic tissues stipulates the intensity of the reactive inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Ribonuclease in the experimental therapy of pancreatitis].

The influence of ribonuclease on the morphogenesis of experimental pancreatitis in the albino rats has been studied. The drug injected during edematous stage of pancreatitis caused some decrease of pancreatic enzymes level in the blood at hemorrhagic stage and its normalization at necrotic stage of pancreatitis. The development of hemorrhagic and necrotic stages of pancreatitis did not change under the influence of ribonuclease. The maturation of connective tissue of pseudocyst capsule was delayed and inflammatory infiltration of necrotic tissues and their elimination were increased under the influence of the drug. There were extensive tubular transformations of acini and early fibrosis and lipomatosis in the frontier zone. In the viable parts of pancreas moderate hypertrophy of exocrine pancreatocytes developed and chronic pancreatitis features appeared with use of ribonuclease.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Morphologic changes of the pancreas in hemorrhagic shock and the postresuscitation period].

The canine pancreas (20) in the terminal period of hemorrhagic shock and postresuscitation period was studied histologically and electronmicroscopically. There were detected ultrastructural signs of the plasmatic membranes of pancreatocytes and membranes of secretory granules with "leakage" of pancreatic ferments in the interstitial tissue. The incretion of pancreatic ferments in the vascular bed is conditioned by the elevation of proteolytic activity of blood serum in hemorrhagic shock and postresuscitation period.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Morphofunctional changes in the pancreas in response to dalargin under normal conditions and in experimental pancreatitis].

The influence of dalargin on pancreatic secretion stimulated by different agents has been studied in experiments on dogs. Intravenous infusion of dalargin (50 micrograms/kg/hour) induced intensive inhibition of both secretion volume and protease content. The data have been obtained on a positive influence of dalargin on acute experimental pancreatitis in rats. A reduction in synthetic processes in acinar cells, reestablishment of microcirculation in the affected zones and the absence of disturbances in the marginal zones of the pancreas have been observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of synthetic analogs of L-enkephalin on viable areas of the pancreas in experimental pancreatitis].

Synthetic analogues of L-enkephalin--tageflar and dalargin were studied for the treatment of experimentally-induced pancreatitis of rats. It was concluded that morphometric features of an intact part of the pancreas were not significantly changed with the use of tageflar. The intensity of 14C-leucine inclusion in the proteins of an intact part of the pancreas was strongly suppressed and the cytoplasm of exocrine pancreocytes was overloaded with zymogen granules. With the use of dalargin, a moderate hypertrophy of exocrine pancreocytes and intensification of 14C-leucine inclusion developed gradually. The number and disposition of zymogen granules were not significantly changed, as compared to acute pancreatitis. Both drugs disturbed the process of acinar reconstruction into tubular complexes in the marginal areas.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Mechanisms of the pathogenetic prevention of acute pancreatitis in an experiment].

The work was aimed at the elucidation of mechanisms of pathogenetic prevention of acute experimental pancreatitis induced according to the method of Arai. Pathological and biochemical examinations have shown that the application of PNA synthesis inhibitor 5-FU and cellular and intracellular membrane stabilizer-intralipid, infused at the beginning of the experiment, prevented the development of acute purulent pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of tageflar, a synthetic analog of L-enkephalin, on the morphogenesis of experimental pancreatitis].

It has been substantiated that the use of a new synthetic drug tageflar analogous to L-enkephalin was accompanied by the depression in pancreatic enzyme activity in the blood of rats, acceleration of necrotic and lytic processes in irreversibly damaged exocrine pancreocytes in the course of experimental pancreatitis. The drug promoted microcirculation retention in the injury zone and acceleration of the arrangement and elimination of necrotic glandular tissue. The influence of tagaflar diminished the extent of perifocal necrobiotic zone and suppressed sclerotic processes and pancreatic lipomatosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Morphology of the pancreas during intra-aortal administration of 5-fluorouracil].

The results of the studies of morphological changes in the pancreas during intraaortal injections of various 5-fluorouracil doses to 44 dogs are reported. It was experimentally established that intraaortal injection of 10 mg 5-fluorouracil per kg of mass for 3 days caused the delay in albumin-synthesizing organella function, without damaging organellas as such. Administration of a cytostatic in a dose of 15 mg per kg of mass did not only cause a drastic decline in the synthesizing activity of cells in acinar parenchyma, but also induced intracellular lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Variants of the suspensory muscle of the duodenum (Treitz's ligament) and the anatomical basis for its effective dissection in duodenal stasis].

Depending on peculiarities of the duodenum fixation to the posterior abdominal wall, normal (normoduodenum), dolichoduodenum and duodenoptosis variants are distinguished. The m. suspensoris duodeni (ligament of Treits) in each variant has its peculiarities. At the normoduodenum and dolichoduodenum, the ligament of Treitz contains a considerable amount of striated muscle tissue. At the duodenoptosis--it consists of a loose fibrous connective tissue with single smooth (non-striated) muscle fibers. As demonstrate anatomical experiments for dissection of the normal ligament of Treitz and of its two variants, dissection of the ligament of Treitz at duodenoptosis eliminates essential anatomical prerequisites of duodenostasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Pathomorphism of experimental pancreatic necrosis after endolymphatic administration of contrical].

Histological and electron microscopic studies of canine pancrease were conducted with biochemical control of pancreatic enzyme activity before and after treatment of experimental hemorrhagic pancreatonecrosis. 30-60 minutes after the disease induction microfocal pancreatonecrosis was revealed, while 6-8 hours later subtotal hemorrhagic pancreatonecrosis with changes in microcirculatory vessels of the pancreas manifested in erythrostasis, thrombosis and fibrinoid wall necrosis accompanied by the increase of pancreatic enzyme activity and decrease in blood, lymph and serum antienzyme activity developed. The treatment of experimental pancreatonecrosis with endolymphatic injection of contrical resulted in the morphologically confirmed attenuation of the necrosis intensity, limitation of necrotic zone size, blood circulation recovery in microcirculatory system, marked decrease of proteolytic enzyme activity and increase of blood serum and central lymph antienzyme activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Morphofunctional criteria for the choice of alimentary mixture ingredients for intra-intestinal administration].

Morpho-functional changes in the intestine after application of highly caloric nutritional mixtures of different composition have been investigated in experiments on polyfistulous dogs in autoperfusion regimen. It was shown that in case of "element" mixture application the impairment of intestinal function is accompanied by morphological changes in epitheliocyte structure and intravascular disturbances. The optimal conditions of nutrient assimilation were revealed, using highly caloric mixtures with basic nutrient content and poly-, oligo- and monomer rations proportional to chyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Clinico-anatomical analysis of the complications and causes of death in pancreonecrosis].

The results of the clinico-anatomical analysis of 228 autopsy cases of pancreonecrosis identified during 20 years are presented. The authors put forward their own classification of pancreonecrosis based on the degree of the pancreas affection: diffuse small-focal, large-focal and subtotal with the distinguishing their haemorrhagic and ischemic (fat) types. Early (up to 7 days) and late (more than 7 days) complications with typical clinico-morphological manifestations are distinguished depending upon the time when the death occurred. The main cause of "early" death was a pancreatogenic shock with the morphological manifestations of the enzymatic polyserositis, acute pulmonary thrombo-hemorrhagic complications and degenerative alterations in the parenchymatous organs. Late complications of pancreonecrosis were manifested by a purulent-necrotic destruction of the pancreas and retroperitoneal fat with the abscesses, purulent peritonitis, inner fistulas of the alimentary canal organs and erosive hemorrhages.

Adult↗