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Biomedical subjects

G P Zhdanov

Publications and source records attributed to G P Zhdanov.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Endothelium of myocardium microvessel under conditions of hypothermia, ischemia, reperfusion and pharmaco-cold cardioplegia with calcium antagonist].

Microvessels of the right atrium endothelium were investigated with electron microscope for patients with congenital heart disease receiving surgical treatment under deep perfusionless hypothermia and various methods of pharmaco-cold cardioplegia. In group 1, pharmaco-cold cardioplegia was performed, with hyperosmolar normopotash solution cooled down to 2-4 degrees C. In group 2, the same solution combined with isoptin, a potash-ion blocker, was applied. It has been shown that during global ischemia, stability of ion gradients on plasmalemma of endothelial cells is impaired, irrespective of the composition of cardioplegia solution. Alongside with this, ultrastructural reactions in group 1 proceed towards hyperosmia of endothelium accompanied by building up a large group of cells following coagulation necrosis. In group 2, by contrast, an intracellular edema progresses. The cardioprotective effect of isoptin, which is able to block Ca2+, manifests itself most vividly at reperfusion, when the blocking of cell potash overload prevents the development of dystrophic and destructive changes in endothelium of coronary microvessels, which present one of the most severe consequences in the process of blood flow recovery in ischemic tissues.

Calcium Channel Blockers↗
PubMed2002

Changes in myocardial metabolism and ultrastructure of myocardial microvessels during pharmacological and cold cardioplegia under hypothermic conditions without perfusion.

A combination of pharmacological and cold cardioplegia in with hypothermia without perfusion in open-heart surgery guarantee the reversible character of shifts in energy and free radical balance in the myocardium. However, this procedure can impair coronary micricirculation due to structural and functional changes in microvessel endothelium. Our results demonstrate that new cytoprotective approaches are extremely needed for cardiac protection during surgery.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2001

Effect of calcium antagonists on ultrastructure of myocardial microvessels during open heart surgery under conditions of pharmacological and cold cardioplegia.

Ultrastructure of myocardial microvessels was examined during surgical correction of congenital heart disease (ventricular septal defect) under conditions of cold and pharmacological low-potassium cardioplegia without perfusion. Addition of calcium antagonist verapamil to cardioplegic solution prevented postischemic damage to vascular and perivascular structures occurring during reperfusion and body temperature rise.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1995

[The ultrastructural characteristics of the capillary endothelium from different sections of the canine heart].

Electron microscopy of auricular and ventricular endothelial blood capillary cells (EC) was performed for two groups of dogs, both at normal body temperature (control) and after cooling up to 28-30 degrees C. Cell organelles involved in synthetic processes were developed more in the auricular EC, and the number of specific granules in these exceeded that in organelles of the ventricular EC. The ventricular transport structures were more numerous and more diverse compared to the auricular ones. These subcellular features retained under hypometabolism induced by cooling. Both common (reduction of organelles involved in synthesis) and different ultrastructural responses to cooling were observed in auricular and ventricular endothelial cells. It is established that under hypothermia the ratio between "dark" and "light" granules in auricular EC remains invariable. At the same time, in ventricular EC the share of "light" granules in this ratio was 4 times more than in the control group. These results suggest an existence of ultrastructural differentiation of auricular and ventricular EC.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Large-fractional preoperative irradiation combined with organ-sparing operations in stage I and II cancer of the breast].

A method of combined organ-sparing treatment for first- or second-stage breast cancer has been developed. It includes large-fraction preoperative radiation (28.5 Gy in 5 daily fractions) and segmental mastectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy. The method has been used in 25 patients. Mean follow-up time is 23 months. No local or regional relapses have been recorded. Total relapse-free survival is 92%. The cosmetic and functional effect is satisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A set of devices for preradiation topometry].

A set of devices including a contactless contourograph and cartograph was developed. They ensure a high accuracy of plotting topographic anatomical maps of the patient's body transverse section, taking into account tumor size parameters, for the quality planning of radiation therapy.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1986

[The main trends in a diphtheria epidemic process and the potentials for its elimination in a large city].

In recent years the tendency towards the activation of the epidemic process of diphtheria, i.e. the appearance of cases of diphtheria simultaneously with the increased levels of circulation of toxigenic and nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae and with antitoxic immunity characteristics in children and adults constantly remaining low, has been registered. For the effective control of diphtheria, the profound study of such problems as bacterial carriership, antibacterial immunity and the development of supplementary means of specific prophylaxis is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Roentgenotopometric studies using a simulator during the preparation of patients with uterine cancer for irradiation].

During the examination of 170 patients with corpus and cervix uteri cancer it has been established that simulators give an opportunity to define orienting points in the same position as that used during irradiation, to obtain all necessary topometric data for preparing anatomotopographic maps and calculating with their help irradiation programs, and simulate geometric conditions of an irradiation program.

Beta Particles↗
PubMed1983

[Problems of the epidemiology of viral hepatitis in Ryazan Province].

The analysis of some features of the course of the epidemic process of viral hepatitis on the territory of the Ryazan region is presented. Periodic rises and falls in viral hepatitis morbidity, varying in their regularity (4-6 years), have been registered in the region. The general level and the seasonal distribution of viral hepatitis morbidity are determined by the morbidity rate among children, the increase in the proportion of children of senior school age being observed in recent years.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The radiation and chemoradiation treatments of generalized low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 1. The immediate results].

The remission rates were analysed during radiation and chemoradiation treatments and chemotherapy of 255 patients with low-grade generalized non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Complete remission was achieved in 15.3% of patients, partial remission was in 82.4%. No effect was seen in 2.3% of patients. The rate of complete remissions was 4.2% for radiation treatment, 29.5% for chemoradiation, and 10.6% for chemotherapy. Chemoradiation treatment regimen was the most effective for this group of patients, in all morphological types and chiefly in Stage III. The intensified chemoradiation regimen improves the immediate outcome of treatment; a combination of series polychemotherapy with radiation applied to all diseased lymphatic collectors in a cumulative radiation dose of 30-40 Gy. The effect of the chemoradiation regimen is virtually completely revealed in the combination of three series of polychemotherapy and radiation therapy; the continued chemotherapy does not increase the rate of complete remissions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The radiation and chemoradiation treatments of generalized low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 2. The late results].

Late outcomes of radiation and chemoradiation treatments and chemotherapy were analysed in 255 patients with low-grade generalized non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). In terms of total and relapse-free survival, chemoradiation treatment regimen yields the best results, as compared to chemotherapy. There is a general trend to improve the late outcomes when each of two components of the chemoradiation regimen is intensified. Chemoradiation treatment improves late outcomes not only in primary patients, but in patients with relapses after radiation or chemical therapy. Complete remissions are one of the most important predictors of total and relapse-free survival. There is a small group of patients with a diffuse lymphocytic type of NHL (about 10-15%). which is characterized by extremely slow disease progression and enlargement of individual lymph organs (tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen) in whom long-term total and relapse-free survival can be achieved by local radiation therapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗