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G Paizis

Publications and source records attributed to G Paizis.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Efficacy and tolerability of azithromycin versus amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in acute purulent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis.

An open randomized trial was conducted in 142 hospitalized and out-patients with acute purulent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis to compare the clinical efficacy and tolerability of azithromycin (n = 69) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (n = 73). Azithromycin (500 mg) was administered as a single dose for three days and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (amoxicillin 875 mg-clavulanic acid 125 mg) was given b.i.d. for 8 days (8.16 +/- 1.18). Before therapy and 24-48 hours after the end of treatment, sputum culture (by positioning five orthodontal swabs at the opening of salivary gland ducts after a washing of the oral cavity with sterile saline solution to avoid oral contamination), chest X-rays, arterial blood gas analysis, trials of respiratory functions and routine blood tests were performed. In the azithromycin group (69 patients) the efficacy rate was 67.6% (46 patients: 34 cured and 12 improved); in 22 patients (32.4%) the treatment failed; 1 patient was not evaluated because of no follow-up. The overall efficacy rate in the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid group (73 patients) was 97.3% (71 patients: 60 cured and 11 improved); in 1 patient (1.4%) the treatment failed and 1 patient was a drop-out for side effects. All pathogens isolated before treatment were susceptible to the antibiotics administered. At the end of treatment microbiological efficacy was 67.1% in the azithromycin group and 98.6% in the amoxicillin/clavulanic acid group. The tolerability was judged good in both treatment groups. Side effects were observed in 1 patient treated with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (diarrhea), which imposed interruption of treatment, and in 2 patients from the azithromycin group (gastralgia and biochemical laboratory tests: renal function).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Effects of cefonicid on platelet aggregation.

Beta-lactam antibiotics may interfere with platelet aggregation by inhibiting the binding of agonists of platelet aggregation, such as ADP and collagen, to specific receptor sites. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effects of cefonicid, a semi-synthetic cephalosporin, on platelet aggregation. Spontaneous platelet aggregation and platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen were assessed. Platelets from healthy subjects were incubated with cefonicid at final concentrations of 0.1 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml (0.1 mg/ml is the concentration of cefonicid achieved in humans at therapeutic doses). When compared with saline, cefonicid at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml had no effect on platelet aggregation, but at 1 mg/ml it inhibited ADP-induced aggregation and at 10 mg/ml it also inhibited aggregation induced by collagen. These findings suggest that therapeutic doses of cefonicid do not affect platelet aggregation.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1990

Penetration of cefonicid into human lung tissue and lymph nodes.

The present study was undertaken in order to investigate the penetration of cefonicid, a long-acting parenteral cephalosporin, with enhanced activity against most gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, into human lung tissue and lymph nodes in patients undergoing open thoracotomy. Samples of lung tissue, lymph nodes and serum were obtained at various times after a single intramuscular dose of 1 g. The concentration of cefonicid was assayed by an agar diffusion method with Bacillus subtilis used as the test organism. The mean concentrations of cefonicid in serum at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after the injection were 91.5, 66.1, 35.7, 21.8 and 2.9 micrograms/ml, respectively. The mean levels of cefonicid into the hilar lymph nodes at the same times were 22.3, 18.7, 12.0, 6.9 and 1.5 micrograms/ml, respectively, while its concentrations in lung tissue were lower than those in lung lymph nodes up to the 12th hour (12.1, 14.6, 7.8, 5.4 and 1.9 micrograms/ml, respectively). Our results show that cefonicid was well distributed in interstitial fluid from which pulmonary lymph is formed and that its concentrations in lung tissue and lymph nodes were sufficient to inhibit most pathogens involved in respiratory tract infections. This finding was considered important, because it demonstrated that the high binding by plasma protein of cefonicid did not prevent it from entering lung tissue and fluids in useful quantities.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructural study of granulomatous tissue in tonsillar malakoplakia.

The ultrastructural study carried out in a case of tonsillar malakoplakia confirmed that granulomatous lesions consisted mainly of macrophages containing peculiar calcified inclusions (Michaelis-Gutmann bodies) considered pathognomonic for the disease. Moreover macrophages frequently contained ingested Gram-negative bacilli and presented aspects of mitochondrial degeneration and autophagy. These latter features were probably the consequence of bacterial infection rather than the expression of primary cellular defects, as the clinical evolution of this case of malakoplakia did not support the existence of generalized macrophage alterations.

Aged↗