Biomedical subjects

G Palestro

Publications and source records attributed to G Palestro.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1982

Histochemical study on human germinal centre, mantle-zone and extra-follicular area lymphoid cell subpopulations. Immunological and cytochemical correlations with lymphomatous cells, peripheral normal and leukemic lymphocytes.

Tissue sections of lymph nodes, appendices and tonsils, together with smears of immunologically separated peripheral lymphoid cells from a B-CLL and lymphomatous cells from an immunocytoma were submitted to combined enzyme cytochemical investigations with acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), beta-glucuronidase (B-G), acid phosphatase (AcPh), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), a,d 5'nucleotidase (5'N). T-cells were Acph+, ATPase- and 5'N-. The vast majority of T- and B-cells displayed ANAE and B-G activities with two distinct staining patterns (T-like and B-like pattern). A high proportion of lymphoid cells in the germinal centre (G.C.) and the vast majority of lymphoid cells in the mantle-zone (M.Z.) were shown to belong to B-cell system because of the expression of ATPase and 5'N in their membranes. Some lymphoid cells positive for ANAE and B-G with a B-like pattern and for AcPh were recognizable in the G.C. In the M.Z. only a few lymphoid cells being ANAE+, with a T-like pattern, and AcPh+ were shown to belong to the T-cell system. In contrast, in this zone a high proportion of small lymphoid cells (64% +/- 10%) showed ANAE activity, mostly with B-like pattern. Therefore, these findings indicate that in the M.Z. a high proportion of B-cells ATPase+ and 5'N+ also display ANAE activity. By comparison of the results obtained from lymphoid tissue sections, B-CLL and immunocytoma cell suspensions and normal circulating lymphocytes we can conclude that B-ANAE-positive cells of the M.Z. do not usually appear in the peripheral blood. They circulate in large numbers only in some pathological conditions (like our reported B-CLL). Therefore, B-ANAE-positive lymphoid cells of the mantle, with a B-like staining pattern, include a wide range of subsets which exclude large lymphoid cells and plasma cells.

5'-Nucleotidase↗

PubMed1982

Monoclonal immunoproliferative disorder of B-lymphocytes IgD/lambda changing from chronic lymphocytic leukaemia to myeloma and plasmacytic leukaemia pattern.

An immunoproliferative disorder with M component IgD/lambda and a strong decrease of the other Ig classes in the serum is reported. The peculiarity of this disorder consists in the shift from a predominant chronic lymphocytic leukaemic pattern, at the beginning, to a true myeloma with plasmacytic leukaemia IgD/lambda several months later. The possibility of the removal, in this case, of the initial precocious block with derepression or 'switch on' in transformation of the malignant lymphocyte clone and, consequently, change of a type of malignant lymphoma into another more evoluted and more malignant type is discussed.

B-Lymphocytes↗

PubMed1980

[Evaluation of leukocyte migration inhibition (LIF) in patients with carcinoma of the lung before and after the use of levamisole in vitro].

Aspecific immunosuppression in neoplasia has long been known, even though all its biological aspects are not yet fully understood. Inhibition of leukocyte migration (LIF) was studied before and after the use of levamisole in vitro to determine whether changes occurred in cell reactivity. The results of the investigation are discussed in the light of modern immunopathological theories.

Humans↗

PubMed1980

Role of the T-cell system in glomerulonephritis induced in rats by human serum albumin (HSA). An immunological and morphological study.

The primary role of the T-cell system in immune-complex glomerulonephritis induced by intravenous weekly injections of human serum albumin (HSA) in rats has been demonstrated. The development of histological, ultrastructural and immunological glomerular alterations which are clearly recognizable in intact animals was prevented by neonatal thymectomy. In vitro tests of cellular immunity (LIF and PHA responsiveness) revealed a close relationship between the involvement of functioning T-cell subpopulations (at least T-helper) and the development of the classic glomerulonephritic pattern. In other words HSA antigen recognition by T lymphocytes, their cooperation with B lymphocytes, and the activation of the latter with related antibody response represent the immunological sequence which leads to the formation of the soluble circulating immune-complexes responsible for the glomerular injury. Our findings suggest that the same immunological sequence can represent the pathogenetic basis for many forms of glomerulonephritis in which T-dependent antigen stimulation is demonstrable. Our data are also discussed in the light of results obtained by others in immuneglomerulonephritis induced in nude athymic mice.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Detection and distribution of alfa-naphthyl acetate esterase activity in thymocytes of normal, myasthenic thymus and thymoma. Histochemical and cytochemical study in relation to E-rosetting.

The extent and distribution of alfa-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity in both normal thymuses and thymuses or thymomas from patients with myasthenia gravis were investigated by enzyme histochemistry. In all a closely similar distribution of ANAE activity was recognizable. ANAE positive thymic lymphocytes were distributed preferentially at the cortico-medullary junction and in the medulla. Their numbers at these sites were higher in myasthenic patients than in normal adults (P less than 0.001) and lowest in fetuses. The relative numbers of cells showing both ANAE activity and EN-rosette-forming capacity was lower in thymocytes than peripheral lymphocytes but was increasing higher in thymuses from fetal, adult and myasthenic patients and in thymomas. These findings are discussed in relation to the stage of maturity of thymocytes and the importance of intrathymic immunological challenge in the attainment of these cells of functional properties usually acquired in the periphery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Identification of rhinopharyngeal plasmacytic tumours by immunofluorescence on paraffin-embedded sections.

Solitary myeloma is an uncommon lesion which may occur in many organs, mainly in the rhinopharynx. This lesion usually appears as non-secretory, and it is constituted by either typical plasma cells or large and atypical cells resembling epithelial anaplastic cells. Therefore, and immunofluorescent method on paraffin-embedded sections may be applied to reveal the presence and the monoclonality of the intracytoplasmic Ig in the pathological cells. In this paper we report a study on 22 patients suspected to bear a rhinopharyngeal tumor investigated by immunofluorescence. Moreover, in 4 cases peripheral blood lymphocytes were also studied. The results are discussed on the basis of the modern immunological trends.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

[Treatment of tumors by local hyperthermia in urology and gynecology (author's transl)].

An experimental study by the authors, on the effects of local-regional hyperthermia on bladder B.N.A. induced carcinoma of the dog has been going on since 1966. The authors have observed complete disappearance in the animals of the mucosa and sub-mucosa neoplasia, even after 6 years from the date of treatment. The sterilization of the neoplastic surface was checked by several histological sections observations on two excised bladders. As the results showed no negative secondary effects, the authors have started, since 1973, a clinical study of hyperthermia treatment of the bladder, vagina, female urethra and rectum stump carcinoma. Heat was obtained and introduced into the bladder by leans of an apparatus specifically designed for this purpose; the double-circuit terminal probe supplies a thermocouple controlled constant temperature. We are submitting the cases treated together with a discussion on results obtained and problems faced.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Intracellular Ig identification on paraffin-embedded solitary plasmacytoid proliferation: a routine method to define the biological nature of plasma cells.

The difficulty to recognize morphologically the biological nature of the exuberant plasma cell proliferations is known by every pathologist. Therefore, an immunohistochemical method has been applied to routine paraffin-embedded sections of biopsies from 26 patients suspected to bear a solitary plasmacytoma. The method has allowed to distinguish between monoclonal (likely to be neoplastic) and polyclonal cases (likely to be reactive).

Clone Cells↗

PubMed1978

Paraproteinemic variety of pure red cell aplasia: immunological studies in 1 patient.

A case of adult pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) with a serum IgG inhibitor to erythropoiesis and an IgG lambda M component is presented. The study of lymphocyte populations revealed a slight but definite decrease of E and EA rosettes, with dissociation between E rosettes and PHA blastic transformation of blood lymphocytes and increase of membrane IgM-bearing lymphocytes. The relationship between PRCA and paraproteinemia is discussed: it is suggested that the serum M component may derive from an immunological unbalance between T and B lymphocytes. Since a survey of the literature reveals 5 similar cases, it is suggested that paraproteinemia may be the hallmark of a particular variety of chronic PRCA 'type 1'.

Aged↗

PubMed1977

Glomerular cell proliferation in human and experimental glomerulonephritis. Light- and electron-microscopical, and autoradiographic observations.

Three mitoses of endothelial glomerular cells have been observed by electron microscopy in 3 different nephropathies (a mixed membranous and proliferative glomerulonephritis, an intracapillary glomerulonephritis, and a mixed IgG-IgM cryoglobulinemia). Further light- and electron-microscopical and autoradiographic investigations on the occurrence and nature of the dividing cells responsible for glomerular hypercellularity in glomerulonephritis have been carried out in rats with an immunocomplex-induced glomerulonephritis. A statistically significant difference between treated and control animals have been found in the number of mitoses and DNA-synthesizing nuclei. All dividing glomerular cells observed by electron microscopy were endothelial. It is therefore proved that in glomerulonephritis an actual glomerular cell proliferation does occur; proliferating cells are suggested to be endothelial in nature.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

Waldenström-like immunocytic lymphoma with IgG serum M component.

A case of immunoproliferative disorder with clinical features of Waldenström's disease but with an IgG-k instead of IgM serum M component is described. The lymphocyte population in the bone marrow, blood and lymph nodes was studied by rosette test, culture with PHA and immunofluorescence staining. Most of the bone marrow lymphocytes had membrane IgG. This case represents an intermediate form between myeloma and Waldenström's disease, thus supporting the unitarian concept of all the immunoproliferative disorders.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗

PubMed1977

Primary gastric lymphoid proliferations: immunological criteria to distinguish gastric lymphoma from reactive hyperplasia.

A group of six patients with a marked gastric lymphoid "hyperplasia", two of these with generalised lymphoma and the others suspected for primary gastric lymphoma, were investigated to discriminate between simple reactive hyperplasias and lymphomatous proliferations. Microscopical and ultrastructural examinations were not useful for this purpose but immunological data can give evidence of a two-fold nature of gastric lymphoid hyperplasia. Some cases are without immunological disorders, others are met with peripheral blood signs of immunological alterations similar to those observed in malignant lymphomas and in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Only these latter cases should, in our opinion, be regarded as primitive gastric lymphomas.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

[Results of hyperthermia on the bladder carcinomas of the dog (author's transl)].

A study on the effects of hyperthermia on B.N.A. induced bladder carcinomas of the dog has been carried out since 1966. The hyperthermic treatment has been performed directly in the bladder using an original equipment especially designed. In a large majority of the animals definite cancericidal changes have been shown. The most favorable results were obtained in the treatment of carcinomas not infiltrating the muscular layer of the bladder. In these cases malignant recurrency was not shown up to five years after treatment. Good palliative effect is also refferred in the treatment of advanced bladder carcinoma of the man.

2-Naphthylamine↗

PubMed1976

[Study of various aspects of hepatic function and histomprphology in obesity].

Data regarding the commonest biohumoral tests of liver function obtained in 53 highly obese women of more or less young age, non-diabetic, non alcolist and without cardiovascular complications are reported. Liver biopsy was carried out in 23 of these patients for the purpose of studying the liver histologically. On the whole, liver function tests gave normal results: specifically, B.S.F. clearance was normal in 91% of the cases and retention at 45' was normal in 77%. Histologically, only 9% showed normal liver parenchyma. The vast majority showed a varying extent of fat infiltration and in 30% this was also fibrosis. No relationship was found to exist between the extent of histological changes and B.S.F clearance and retention values.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

True hermaphroditism with XX/XY sex chromosome mosaicism: report of a case.

A case of true hermaphroditism with 46, XX/46, XY karyotype is reported. The propositus, reared as a male, showed ambiguous external genitalia with perineoscrotal hypospadias, and internal genitalia represented by bilateral ovotestes, normal uterus and tubes. Periodic menstrual bleedings appeared at puberty. The endocrinologic data demonstrated the secretory activity of both the ovarian and the testicular tissue. The analysis of red cell, lymphocyte and serum markers, done on the propositus and on his parents, failed to show any evidence of double fertilization. On this basis, the origin of the XX/XY condition (mosaicism versus chimerism) and its developmental consequences are discussed.

Child↗

PubMed1975

[Glomerulonephritis and sarcoidosis: study of a case].

A case of rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis accompanied by sarcoidosis is presented. The immunological pathogenesis of the underlying disease was shown by the positivity of the reactions for anti-IgA and anti-betal C/beta 1 A globulins and the presence of thick deposits in the mesexential matrix and some parts of the thickened basal membrane. Since generalised sarcoidosis is regarded as the expression of an immunological reaction to an unknown, diffuse antigen, this type of glomerulonephritis may be associated with the particular immunopathological condition observed in sarcoidosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Ultrastructural features of human lymphomas.

The diagnostic value of some ultrastructural details in a series of 73 lymphomas, 7 thymomas, 6 cases of Waldenström's disease, and 5 myelomas has been critically reviewed. The light microscopical diagnoses of "reticulum cell sarcoma" seems now inadvisable, since thhe majority of these cases, when examined by electron microscopy, were found to be "blast cell sarcomas", probably lymphoid in nature. Clear-cut relationships between cell ultrastructure and immunfluorescence data about surface Ig in lymphoid cell populations have not been ascertained.

Connective Tissue↗

PubMed1975

Quantitative studies of macrophages in blood cultures in Hodgkin's disease.

In Hodgkin's disease, blood cultures showed a close relationship between the rate of blastic transformation of PHA-stimulated lymphocytes and the number of macrophages appearing in unstimulated cultures. Despite individual variations, in single cases the yield of macrophages agreed closely with the lymphocyte transformation rate. Results are discussed in connection with hypothesis on the origin of macrophages in culture.

Cells, Cultured↗