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Biomedical subjects

G Pathak

Publications and source records attributed to G Pathak.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

A method for determining the rate of major limb amputations in battle casualties: experiences of a British Field Hospital in Iraq, 2003.

INTRODUCTION: The majority of battle casualties undergoing surgery at 34 Field Hospital, the sole Coalition field hospital in Iraq during the conflict, sustained injuries to the extremities. To compare our experiences with those from previous conflicts, we report data on major limb amputations and propose a method for determining the rate of major limb amputation in a conflict setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of battle casualties admitted to the hospital was carried out based on casualty records and operating theatre logbooks. Data were collected for the period 26 March and 8 May 2003, focusing on casualties undergoing surgery for battle-injured extremities during the conflict. RESULTS: 68 (55%) casualties underwent surgery for battle injuries to extremities. Six upper and eight lower limb amputations (proximal to carpals and tarsals) were carried out from a total of 87 battle-injured limbs that had surgery, giving an overall amputation rate of 16% (14/87). CONCLUSIONS: In presenting our amputation rate of 16%, we highlight the lack of uniformity in describing 'amputation rates' between conflicts. A consistent method for quantifying amputations performed in a conflict setting could prove to be a useful tool.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed2004

Patellar 'entry' feature: a new arthroscopic anatomic finding.

The purpose of this paper is to report a frequently noticed anatomical feature on the soft synovial floor of the suprapatellar pouch in the knee, which has not been reported before. Four hundred and fifty-seven consecutive knee arthroscopies were carried out. The patellar entry feature was present in 294 and not noticed in 163. There was not a concurrent control group. During arthroscopy the presence or absence of the patellar entry feature was noted and entered on a database consecutively and prospectively. All arthroscopies were carried out by the senior author. The ages of the patients undergoing arthroscopy ranged from 8 to 96 years with a mean age of 39.4 years. Out of 457 there were 318 males and 139 females. Where the patellar entry feature was found, there was an average of 40% female; where there was not, there was an average of 27% female. The patellofemoral articulation has been a focus of interest mainly because of the poorly understood and extremely common anterior knee pain syndrome (AKPS). We hypothesise that the patellar entry feature is the area where the patella rests, with the knee in full extension and the quadriceps relaxed and is thus the starting point before flexion is initiated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Chondrosarcoma of thumb metacarpal--a case report with literature review.

Function preserving management of a dominant thumb metacarpal chondrosarcoma is reported, with a literature review for this uncommon neoplasm. Wide local excision of the metacarpal followed by temporary silicone block interposition and definitive iliac crest bone grafting was performed. A persistent wound defect was managed by a radial artery forearm flap. The functional result was acceptable. In the literature, there were seven cases of thumb metacarpal chondrosarcoma reported; two were treated by ray amputation, and the other five were treated by excision of the metacarpal. Three of those five had bone graft and the other two had simple resection. Of these seven cases, three had local recurrence and one a distant metastasis.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Delayed diagnosis of femoral neck fractures.

To determine the causes and consequences of any delay from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis, 1108 consecutive patients with an acute proximal femoral fracture were prospectively studied. In 154 cases (13.9 per cent) the diagnosis was delayed more than 24 h from the onset of symptoms. The reason for this was due to failure to seek medical help in 63 patients. For the 91 patients who were seen by a medical practioner, 60 were not X-rayed straight away. For those cases where a radiographic examination was requested, the fracture was invisible in only nine cases, of which six subsequently displaced. The diagnosis was more likely to be delayed if the fracture occurred spontaneously, the patient fell inside, or the fracture was intracapsular. Delay in diagnosis was not associated with an increase in mortality but there was a significant increase in the risk of pressure sores.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1990

Effect of prior eradication of Plasmodium berghei infection on the foetal development and parasitaemic levels under the stress of pregnancy.

Pregnant mice infected on gestation day (GD) 13 with Plasmodium berghei had similar rate of parasitaemia and mortality as non pregnant controls. 50% of pregnant infected mice had normal delivery, 20% had absorbed foetuses and 30% died before parturation. However, animals infected with P. berghei, treated with drugs (sulfadiazine or chloroquine) had normal foetal development. No recrudescence occurred in either of these groups of animals even under the stress of pregnancy indicating protection. Pups born to pregnant infected mice (GD) 13 had low body weight as compared to pups born to mice which were infected and treated with drugs. Histopathological findings showed hyperplasia of trophoblast and plugging of placental sinusoids with parasitized erythrocytes in animals infected on GD 13 only. It is felt that prior eradication of malaria infection results in development of sufficient immunity which prevents the mal development of foetuses or parasitaemic levels under the stress of pregnancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Influence of malarial infection on the maternal-foetal relationship in pregnant mice.

Pregnant mice infected on gestation day (GD) 6 with Plasmodium berghei showed a more rapid rate of increase in parasitaemia than mice infected later in pregnancy or non-pregnant controls. All mice infected on GD 6 were dead by the 7th post-infection day. Pregnant mice infected on GD 13, in contrast, had similar rates of parasitaemia and mortality as non-pregnant controls and 50% delivered normally, the foetuses were absorbed in 20% and 30% died before parturition. The pups born to mice infected on GD 13 were smaller. This compromised foetal development was likely to be the result of maternal anaemia, hyperplasia of placental trophoblast and plugging of placental sinusoids with parasitized red cells.

Animals↗