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Biomedical subjects

G Petrillo

Publications and source records attributed to G Petrillo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Lipoteichoic acid and muramic acid modulate the expression of CD80/CD86 on THP-1 cells and CD28/CD152 on Jurkat cells.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and muramic acid (MA) on costimulatory molecules CD80/CD86 on THP-1 cells and CD28/CD152 on Jurkat cells. The interactions between these molecules strongly influence the immune response through the regulation of cytokine release which, on its own, is able to regulate the immunological response by a feedback mechanism. Our results show that LTA and MA regulate expression of CD86 on macrophages while the expression of CD80 remains unmodified. LTA and MA increase the expression of CD86 on THP-1 cells, a macrophage cell line. MA increased Jurkat T cells CD152 expression.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed2002

Coinfection with BHV-1 modulates cell adhesion and invasion by P. multocida and Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica.

Viruses are thought to facilitate bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. The present study shows the effect of BHV-1 on Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica adherence and invasion of MDBK cells. The virus-infected MDBK cells become more susceptible to the adherence of both species of Pasteurella. The observed adherence increase depends on the length of virus pre-incubation time and on virus concentration. When MDBK cells are not infected with virus, they are only invaded by P. multocida, while M. haemolytica is not able to penetrate. The viral infection favours also the invasion by M. haemolytica.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Thrombectomy of the inferior vena cava from recurrent low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: case report and review of the literature.

We report a rare case in which a patient successfully underwent surgical removal from the inferior vena cava of a neoplastic thrombus induced by a recurrent low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. The patient was admitted with severe acute renal failure and a large edema on the right lower extremity. One year previously she had undergone hysterectomy and adnexectomy due to an endometrial stromal sarcoma with involvement of the tuba. Because of complete thrombosis of the right internal and common iliac veins and the inferior vena cava, she underwent thrombectomy of the inferior vena cava. The postoperative course was complicated by hydruric renal failure induced by a acute tubular necrosis. At 6-month follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic with normal renal function. The ileocaval axis was patent on magnetic resonance imaging. Only 5 cases of intracaval extension of endometrial stromal sarcoma have been reported. Surgical treatment is viable due to excellent prognosis of the low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (80-100% 5-year survival) and likely fatal heart failure in untreated cases.

Endometrial Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

Thymic carcinoma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in an 11-year-old boy: a novel association.

Thymic carcinoma is exceptionally rare in children and it has never previously been associated with autoimmune disorders. The authors report the case of an 11-year-old boy with thymic carcinoma, hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy, and an autoimmune disease that resembled systemic lupus erythematosus. To their knowledge, this is the first case of such complex clinical findings. The tumor was of high grade histologically and the boy died after 1 year, in spite of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A review is presented of the available medical literature on thymic malignancy in childhood.

Child↗
PubMed1998

TNF-alpha expression and herpes simplex infection in human monocytes treated with growth hormone, prolactin and insulin.

We evaluated the in vitro effect of growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and insulin treatment of human monocytes on Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. GH and PRL increased cell susceptibility to infection which was related to a slight TNF-alpha expression and release. Insulin had no significant effect. Cells activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and then treated with PRL showed a lower susceptibility to HSV infection related to a significant increase in TNF-alpha expression and release. On the contrary, GH and insulin increased the susceptibility to infection of activated cells but did not modify TNF-alpha expression with respect to cells treated only with hormones.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva: expression of estroprogestinic receptors and follow-up.

PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION: To analyze aggressive angiomyxoma hormone-dependency. METHOD: Estroprogestinic receptor expression was studied by immunohistochemistry in 5 patients with aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical results confirm the positivity of angiomyxoma for estrogen and progesterone receptors. CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesized that the concomitant factor favoring neoplastic growth is a different genetic substrate specific in the female sex. Analysis of the data regarding the distribution of angiomyxomas in different age groups has strengthened this hypothesis suggesting that this tumor is correlated with complete maturity, in all probability hormonal. However it cannot be excluded that the tumor begins to develop at an early age, but since it has a slow growth rate, the phenomenon is delayed and is related to hormonal stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A new fluoride preparation for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis: calcium monofluorophosphate.

Fifty-six postmenopausal women aged 52.4 +/- 6.7 years (SD) were treated for 12 months with L-glutamine calcium monofluorophosphate. Each patient received four tablets/day, providing a total dose of 20 mg of fluoride and 600 mg of elemental calcium. Bone mineral density was measured at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of treatment by dual photon absorptiometry of the distal forearm. At these times, serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, and urinary concentrations of hydroxyproline and calcium, were also assayed. Results were compared with a control group of 50 untreated postmenopausal women with similar clinical characteristics. Forty-nine patients completed the study. Bone mineral density in the treated patients showed a significant increase after 6 months in comparison with both baseline (p < 0.01) and controls (p < 0.01). After 12 months no significant further increase in bone mineral density was detected. In the control group, a significant decrease of bone mineral density was observed at this time (p < 0.01). After 6 months, serum osteocalcin levels were significantly increased in the treated group (p < 0.01 vs. basal and controls). The other biochemical parameters did not show any significant variations. After 12 months, all the biochemical parameters evaluated, with the exception of serum alkaline phosphatase, were significantly different in comparison with the control group (p < 0.01). Osteocalcin levels also increased in comparison with the basal value (p < 0.01). Adverse effects were mild. However, seven patients stopped the treatment before the 6th month because of gastrointestinal complaints.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Efficacy, cycle control and side-effects of two monophasic combination oral contraceptives: gestodene/ethinylestradiol and norgestimate/ethinylestradiol.

Two monophasic oral contraceptives containing gestodene (GTD, 75 micrograms) and ethinylestradiol (EE, 30 micrograms) or norgestimate (NGS, 250 micrograms) and EE (35 micrograms) were compared during the first six cycles of use. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive either type: 97 received GTD/EE and 92 NGS/EE. Six women in the GTD/EE group and nine in the NGS/EE group withdrew from the study; three (3%) and two (2%), respectively, withdrew because of adverse reactions. A total of 562 cycles for GTD/EE and 523 for NGS/EE were available. No woman became pregnant during the study. Overall, 94.4% of cycles in the GTD/EE group and 92.8% in the NGS/EE group were normal. A similar incidence of breakthrough bleeding (0.2% of cycles for GTD and 1.6% for NGS) and spotting (5.4% vs. 5.6%) was observed. Amenorrhea was never reported. Duration of withdrawal bleeding tended to be slightly longer in the NGS/EE group, significantly so for cycles 2 (0.5 days, p = 0.016), 4 (0.5 days, p = 0.031) and 5 (0.4 days, p = 0.045). Cycle 2 was significantly longer in the GTD/EE group (0.3 days, p = 0.027). Side-effects were reported by 12 (12%) women in the GTD/EE group and 13 (14%) in the NGS/EE group. The most common side-effects were headache (five cases (5%) in the GTD/EE group and two (2%) in the NGS/EE group) and breast pain (three (3%) and eight (9%) cases respectively). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups with respect to change in body weight or changes in blood pressure and in laboratory data.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The presence in human spermatozoa of sites binding some proteins of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli.

In previous works, we noted that porins, surface components of Gram negative bacteria, are toxic for human spermatozoa. In this work we see that porins of E. coli labeled with I125 (0.1-1.0 microgram/ml) bind to spermatozoa, showing the presence of saturable molecular configurations of 0.5-0.6 micrograms/ml. In the presence of non labeled porins, the binding of labeled porins to the spermatozoa is greatly reduced. At saturating concentrations of 0.6 micrograms/ml labeled porins, the binding reaches a saturation plateau at about 15 min.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Zileuton, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor in rheumatoid arthritis.

The effects of zileuton, a new 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, on leukotriene generation and clinical response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was studied in a 4-week randomized double blind placebo controlled study at 2 academic rheumatology centers. Zileuton decreased the mean (+/- SEM) ionophore induced synthesis of leukotriene B4 at Week 1 by 70% from 191.2 +/- 28.5 to 57.5 +/- 17.0 ng/ml. A parallel suppression of all major 5-lipoxygenase pathway products was observed. An improvement in clinical variables was observed in the zileuton and placebo treated population. No unique toxicity was identified in this study. Zileuton inhibited 5-lipoxygenase in RA with a suggestion of clinical response with limited toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[CT in the staging of neoplasms of the gallbladder].

The authors report the results of 50 cases of gallbladder carcinoma studied by means of CT, which were observed since 1984. Twenty-five cases were confirmed at surgery and 25 were selected among those in which CT, clinical history, natural disease evolution and matching with other instrumental and laboratory examinations were highly suggestive of gallbladder carcinoma. The high incidence is reported of such CT signs, which may be considered typical, as the presence of soft tissue in gallbladder area (92%), liver infiltration (78%), and the presence of metastatic lymph nodes (36%); they may or may not be associated to less specific signs. CT appears as the most reliable examination for both diagnosis and staging of the disease. Unfortunately, due to the wide range of aspecific clinical signs, diagnosis is in most cases late and the disease has therefore a fatal outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Selective deficit of IgA and infantile rheumatoid arthritis. Case reports].

Three children with selective deficiency of serum IgA associated with oligoarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) are presented. Before the appearance of JRA, all 3 children had shown frequently some respiratory infections. Indeed IgA deficiency may be asymptomatic or may cause a higher frequency of respiratory, gastrointestinal, allergic or autoimmune diseases, among which, JRA is one of the most important conditions.

Arthritis, Juvenile↗