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Biomedical subjects

G Pfaff

Publications and source records attributed to G Pfaff.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The nutrition situation of the population in the former East Germany: results of household budget surveys in 1989].

The last representative nutritional surveys in households of the former GDR date back to 1989. Trends towards excessive energy intake have continued, resulting, above all, from high fat consumption. A considerable proportion of employed persons have their meals outside the home. The proportion of food used as animal feed was high in households of members of agricultural cooperatives.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Relative bio-availability of sultamicillin in healthy volunteers following administration of two tablet formulations.

The pharmacokinetics of both ampicillin and sulbactam obtained from a balanced, open two-way crossover study in 20 normal adult volunteers receiving a single 375 mg oral tablet of sultamicillin administered as two different formulations--the original product (Duocid) and a generic formulation that is commercially available in Turkey--were compared. Pharmacokinetic parameters for the two formulations and for both ampicillin and sulbactam were tested for bio-equivalence by the two one-sided Student's t-test (80-120% range; P < 0.1). Area under concentration--time curves and maximum concentrations for both components were found to be non-equivalent for the two formulations, the generic formulation having consistently lower mean values. The results were consistent with studies of the in vitro release of sultamicillin from the two tablets. It is concluded that the generic formulation is pharmacokinetically inferior to the original product.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Design of and involvement in an interventional study on health education in basic schools: the Pforzheim Study].

We report the design and the determinants of participation in a controlled, randomized trial evaluating the efficiency of a school-based health education and promotion program. The health education program "Gesund leben macht Spass" ("Healthy living is fun") was developed by the AOK Pforzheim, a statutory health insurance organization in South West Germany. In this 7 week program, the body structure is presented systematically, and the children themselves are asked to correlate structure with function. During the fall of 1988, 490 pupils in 22 third grade level classes at 11 primary schools in Pforzheim and vicinity were invited to participate in a health survey (378 consenting parents = 77.1%). Ten schools with 19 classes and 413 students were admitted to the study (333 participating students = 80.6%). One year later, 290 children (70.2%) were available for follow up. Both examinations covered body weight and height, blood pressure level, total cholesterol, and the assessment of health related knowledge, attitudes and behavior by a repeat questionnaire. Parental consent rates in participating schools varied between 66.7% and 100%. Initial student participation was distinctly higher in schools in a rural (85.2%) as compared to an urban environment (73.2%), and among children of German nationals (83.2%) as compared to children of other nationalities (70.9%). After one year, participation rates in these groups approached each other. Schools in the intervention and control groups were similar in sociodemographic characteristics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMed1989

Energy production, intracellular amino acid pools, and protein synthesis in chronic renal disease.

Intracellular glycolytic regulating enzyme activities, pyruvate kinase (PK) and phosphofructokinase (PFK), adenylate kinase (AK), energy charge (Ech), free amino acids (ICAA), and protein synthesis (PS) were measured in polymorphonuclear leukocytes--used as a cell model--in 62 adults and 12 children with chronic renal failure, and 66 normal adults and 21 children as comparison controls. In normal subjects, children had significantly lower enzyme activities and cell amino acid levels but similar Ech and higher PS than adults. ICAA concentrations were significantly higher than plasma amino acid concentrations (PAA) in both groups, and the PAA were not correlated with, nor indicative of, the ICAA concentrations. The variance (R2) in PS could be largely accounted for by a combination ("set") of six ICAA, as determined by multivariate analysis. The sets differed in children vs adults, suggesting that different proteins were being synthesized. In the uremic patients, reduced PF, PFK, Ech, most ICAAs and PS were indicative of cellular malnutrition. For the uremic adults, the abnormalities in cell metabolism were modified by therapy--nondialyzed uremics being worst, CAPD patients best and approximately normal, and hemodialyzed intermediate. The uremic CAPD children had reduced, PK, PFK, AK, most ICAA, and PS. Ech was increased. Cellular malnutrition in children with chronic renal failure may contribute to their poor growth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[CEA blood level in patients with Crohn's disease with reference to localization, duration and severity of the disease].

CEA-serum-levels were determined in 24 patients with Crohn's disease over a period up to 35 months. 13 patients showed elevated CEA-Levels (greater than 3 ng/ml). A positive correlation between the extent of the lesion and the CEA-serum-level could be demonstrated. This correlation could not be demonstrated in regard to the duration of the disease. The attempt to utilize CEA-serum-levels for the estimation of the activity of Crohn's disease showed a good correlation between the activity and CEA-levels in a few cases; the activity was measured by means of the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), which was recommended in the National Crohn's Disease Study in the United States.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The incidence of epistaxis in racehorses in South Africa.

In South Africa 2,41% of horses bleed in a race. If all raced until they were 7 years old probably another 2,12% would bleed. Many others bleed after the race or during exercise or at rest. The incidence of epistaxis is significantly greater in geldings than in females and uncastrated males (P less than 0,001). There is an age distribution of bleeding which is highest at 4 years and lowest at 2 years of age (P less than 0,001).

Age Factors↗