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Biomedical subjects

G Pfeiffer

Publications and source records attributed to G Pfeiffer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Structure elucidation of sulphated oligosaccharides from recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator expressed in mouse epithelial cells.

Sulphated N-linked carbohydrate chains isolated from recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator expressed in mouse epithelial (C127) cells were analysed as oligosaccharide alditols by methylation analysis, liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry, and one- and two-dimensional 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the major component has the following novel structure: NeuAc-alpha 2-6Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-2[NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal beta 1- 4GlcNAc beta 1-4]-Man alpha 1-3[NeuAc alpha 2-3(SO4-6)Gal beta 1- 4-GlcNAc beta 1-2Man alpha 1-6]-Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1- 4[Fuc alpha 1-6]GlcNAc-o1.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Separation of glycoprotein-N-glycans by high-pH anion-exchange chromatography.

A series of high-mannose and complex type glycoprotein-N-glycans was subjected to high-pH anion-exchange chromatography. The results revealed that this method represents a useful tool for analytical characterization of single oligosaccharides as well as preparative separation of complex mixtures of carbohydrate side-chains. On the other hand, it became evident that in several cases a combination of different chromatographic techniques is required for efficient separation of individual oligosaccharide species.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
PubMed1990

Polyneuropathy associated with chronic hypoxaemia: prevalence in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The prevalence of clinical and electrophysiological signs of peripheral nerve disease was evaluated in 151 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Patients with concomitant disorders affecting the peripheral nervous system were excluded. Thirty patients had clinical signs of a mild sensorimotor and distal neuropathy and 13 additional patients had only electrophysiological abnormalities. The rate and the severity of the neuropathy correlated with the severity of chronic hypoxaemia. Three out of 20 patients with mild hypoxaemia (PaO2 less than 15 mm Hg below normal) had polyneuropathy as compared with 15 out of 36 with severe hypoxaemia (PaO2 more than 30 mm Hg below normal (rates different at the 10% level)). PaO2 and age were the only variables discriminating between patients with and without peripheral neuropathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Perioperative chemotherapy of squamous cell cancer of the esophagus].

In the majority of patients with esophageal cancer local tumor infiltration and/or distant metastases are responsible for the poor prognosis. Therefore to improve life expectancy additional modalities--chemotherapy alone or in combination with simultaneous radiation--have been introduced perioperatively. In spite of a possible increase of resectability convincing data are lacking which could argue for an uncontrolled introduction of the neoadjuvant approach outside investigational studies in early tumor stages (T1, T2).

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Carbohydrate structure of recombinant human uterine tissue plasminogen activator expressed in mouse epithelial cells.

Recombinant human uterine tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), in part metabolically labeled with [6-3H]glucosamine or [35S]sulfate, was isolated from mouse epithelial cells (C127). Oligosaccharides present were liberated by treatment of tryptic glycopeptides with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H or peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase F and fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The glycans were characterized by digestion with exoglycosidases, methylation analysis and, in part, by acetolysis and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Glycopeptides comprising individual glycosylation sites were identified by N-terminal amino acid sequencing. The results demonstrate that recombinant tPA from C127 cells carries at Asn117 oligomannosidic glycans with 5-8 mannose residues as well as small amounts of hybrid-type species. Asn184 is only partially glycosylated and substituted by fucosylated triantennary and small amounts of diantennary N-acetyllactosaminic glycans. Likewise, Asn448 carries predominantly fucosylated triantennary species, in addition to, small amounts of diantennary and tetraantennary oligosaccharides. As a characteristic feature, part of the triantennary glycans at Asn184 and Asn448 contain additional Gal(alpha 1-3) substituents and/or sulfate groups linked to position six of beta-galactosyl residues forming NeuAc(alpha 2-3)[HO3S-6]Gal(beta 1-4) units. Oligosaccharides attached to Asn448 are almost completely substituted by (alpha 2-3)- or (alpha 2-6)-linked sialic acid residues and carry the majority of sulfate groups present. Glycans at Asn184 were found to be less sialylated and sulfated.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

[Surgical therapy of erectile impotence of vascular venous origin].

We report about 32 men, who suffered from erectile impotence due to venous leakage. Three methods of penile surgery are described, the ligature of plexus santorini, the ligature of deep dorsal vein and the ligature of ectopic veins of the penis. By these operations 72% of the patients achieved potency again.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

131-Iodine capsules in thyroid therapy: an individually controlled study of their uptake kinetics as compared to liquid 131-iodine.

We investigated the uptake of therapeutic doses of 131-Iodine in capsular form which were given to 16 patients with benign thyroid disease, and compared it to the uptake of a diagnostic dose of liquid 131-Iodine given to the same patients. The aim of this study was to determine the additional radiation dose sustained by the gastric mucosa, and thus, to establish the safety of this galenic form of 131I. It was found that the average capsule-dissolution time was about 12 min, with a large standard deviation of about 7 min. Using these data and a theoretical radiation-dose calculation, we estimated that the maximum dose to the gastric mucosa was approximately 250 rad (250 cGy) for a therapeutic activity of 5 mCi (185 MBq), which is the maximum dose which may be given as single application to out-patients in Switzerland. Thus, 131I administered in capsular form is a safe galenic form for therapeutic use in patients with thyroid disease.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

The localization of axon branchings in two muscle nerves of the rat. A contribution to motor unit topography.

The distribution of fiber branching in the proximal intramuscular motor nerves of the gracilis and gastrocnemius muscles of the rat was studied in whole-mount preparations of teased nerves. Branchings of nerve fibers were clustered at fascicular divisions. Such concurrence of fascicular and fiber branchings determines the dispersion of the single muscle fibers belonging to a motor unit. The distribution of fiber branching reveals the wiring pattern of muscle fibers. These patterns differed for the gracilis and gastrocnemius muscles in correspondence with their functional organization.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The axon tree of rat motor fibres: morphometry and fine structure.

A quantitative light and electron microscopic study of the axon tree of rat motor fibres was undertaken to supply data relevant to the understanding of the spread of excitation. Continuous proximodistal foreshortening of internode length and dwindling of fibre calibre were statistically verified. Internodes had progressively foreshortened geometric proportions (length/diameter quotient). The postbranching internodes were significantly shorter than would correspond to the general trend, but no such foreshortening was evident for the prebranching internodes. Relative sheath thickness (g-ratio, i.e. quotient axon diameter/fibre diameter) of filial fibres did not differ from the stem. Increase in axon area in filial fibres versus stem fibre averaged 1.3. The total proximodistal increase in axoplasmic area from the stem fibre to the distal branches was less than two since increases at branch points were compensated by the proximodistal dwindling of fibres. Nodal membrane area of branch points was greater than in nonbranching fibres, and there were larger than normal microvillar spaces. The majority of branches were approximately symmetric, but asymmetric branchings were also found. The thinner branches of these had wider nodal gaps than the thick branches. The observed changes were interpreted as adaptations to facilitate uniform spread of excitation along the axon tree; asymmetric branchings, however, may permit routing of impulses.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Chemical and biological properties of a cationic Tc-tetraamine complex.

The complex of 99Tc with the ligand 1,4,8,11-tetraazaundecane (2,3,2-tet) was prepared and was compared with the similar 99Tc complexes with ethylenediamine and 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane. The results are all consistent with the formula [TcO2(2,3,2-tet)]+. The biological behavior was tested with 99mTc in Wistar rats. A fast clearance via the kidneys was found, and no accumulation in any other organ was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A morphometric study of nerve fiber atrophy in rat spinal roots.

A morphometric study of atrophy of nerve fibers was made in the ventral and dorsal roots of rats, four to 48 weeks (wk) after transection of their sciatic nerves and with regeneration prevented. The pathophysiological events of fiber atrophy may be summarized as follows: wasting of the axon caliber coincides with a loss of neurofilaments with relative preservation of microtubules. This leads to non-circularity of the fiber, evident from four wk on. The caliber of the circular profile is also reduced. Adaptive changes in myelin sheath structure follow. Thinner fibers with relatively thick sheaths are first detectable after eight wk and prominent after 24 to 48 wk. This change may indicate passive slippage of the sheath, but sheath remodelling in adjustment to a changed internodal geometry appears more likely.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Unilateral hydrocephalus from early developmental occlusion of one foramen of Monro.

Unilateral hydrocephalus due to occlusion of one foramen of Monro was found incidentally at necropsy in a 52-year-old man. There was no evidence of a postinflammatory or neoplastic origin of the occlusion. Backward tilting of the diencephalon, asymmetric insertion of the septum pellucidum, lateral tilting of the fornices, and deformation of the hippocampal formation indicated an early developmental origin of the lesion.

Cerebral Ventricles↗