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Biomedical subjects

G Pinon

Publications and source records attributed to G Pinon.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Study of vinorelbine (V) combined with hexamethylmelamine (H) (combination V-H) in adenocarcinoma of the ovary: results a phase I-IIA trial, NHO-88, of ARTAC "ovarian" group].

The lack of decisive progress in ovarian cancer chemotherapy in recent years led the ARTAC "Ovary" group to initiate a study based on the hypothesis of collateral sensitivities. In this phase I-II trial, NHO-88, the V-H combination (associating vinorelbine (VNB) and hexamethylmelamine (HMM) was studied in patients with advanced ovarian adenocarcinomas, most of which had become resistant to previous chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to find an active combination without complete cross resistance with first-line platinum salt based combinations, such as CAP, FAP or CACb-300. A pilot feasibility study was first carried out to determine the maximum tolerated weekly dose (MTWD) of VNB (20 mg/m2/week), HMM being administered per os on days 1-14 of every 28-day cycle at a standard dose of 250 mg/m2/day. An open phase II-A study was further carried out according to a 2-step sequential analysis method for phase II clinical trials. We observed: 1), a good tolerance of the V-H combination apart from frequent neutropenia; 2), a response rate of 35% (95% confidence interval: 23-47%); 3), a median response duration of 4 months (range: 1-7 months); 4), in some cases, the absence of a complete cross-resistance between the V-H regimen and the previously administered platinum-based combinations. These results, which are currently being validated (phase II-B ongoing), constitute the first step in the search for active systems of sequential or alternate chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of advanced carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

300 mg/m2 carboplatin (Cb), adriamycin (A) cyclophosphamide (C) (CACb-300) combination in advanced ovarian carcinoma: a feasibility study.

Carboplatin (Cb) is an active drug in ovarian carcinoma that has fewer visceral side effects than cisplatin (CDDP) but higher myelotoxicity, which makes it difficult to combine at efficient doses with other myelotoxic drugs. In a preliminary study in advanced ovarian carcinoma, Rosso et al. showed the maximum tolerated dose of Cb given in combination with cyclophosphamide (C) and adriamycin (A) to be 200 mg/m2. Since the efficacy of Cb may be dose-dependent, as is that of CDDP, we started a feasibility study of a CACb-300 regimen, that is, using Cb at 300 mg/m2 with lower C and A doses. Our data shows that the CACb-300 combination can safely be given in previously untreated patients for at least six 28-day cycles.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Maternal-fetal Haemophilus influenzae infections].

In a systematic screening programme for neonatal infections involving 16,008 births, Haemophilus influenzae was isolated in 14 mother-infant couples (0.8 to 1,000 births). Comparisons with other series published in the U.S.A. showed similar circumstances of occurrence and initial clinical manifestations. However, the course of the infection was different, since there was no septicaemia or meningitis in our series. This raises the question of whether the strains responsible for the disease in the U.S.A. have a particular aggressiveness that is unidentifiable by serotype or biotype. In view of the post-partum occurrence of pelvic infections after isolation of H. influenzae during high risk deliveries, asymptomatic parturient women should be treated prophylactically. The 14 strains of H. influenzae isolated, most of them non capsulated and 2/3 of them of biotype IV, probably were of genital origin, although there was no evidence of cervico-vaginal infection. These results are consistent with the concept of genitotropic H. influenzae.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[Gastrointestinal infections in children. A strategy for searching pathogenic agents].

From a bacteriological and virological study of 2056 stool samples obtained from 1595 children we have attempted to derive epidemiological arguments leading to an algorithm of coprodiagnosis. We believe that Rotavirus should be systematically searched for at any age, as it is the most frequent pathogen encountered (27% of children with positive detection). If the test is positive, no other test needs to be performed in patients staying less than 4 days in hospital. If the test is negative, or if the child's clinical condition requires prolonged hospitalization, conventional bacteriology must be carried out, including a search for Salmonella, Shigella and Yersinia. The search for Campylobacter should be limited to infections occurring in children under five.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Direct appraisal of latex agglutination testing, a convenient alternative to enzyme immunoassay for the detection of rotavirus in childhood gastroenteritis, by comparison of two enzyme immunoassays and two latex tests.

During February and March 1984, 207 fecal samples from infants and children with gastroenteritis were tested for rotavirus with four techniques: two enzyme immunoassays (Rotazyme; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill., and Enzygnost-Rotavirus; Calbiochem-Behring, La Jolla, Calif.) and two latex agglutination tests (Rotalex; Orion Research, Inc., Cambridge, Mass., and Slidex Rota-Kit; Biomérieux). All stool samples were also tested for yeasts and bacterial pathogens. Electron microscopy was used to investigate discrepant results. We found 47% positive samples with Enzygnost-Rotavirus, 38% with Rotazyme, 37% with Slidex Rota-Kit, and 34% with Rotalex. No specimen was found positive by Rotazyme only or Slidex Rota-Kit only. On the contrary, 12 samples which were positive with Enzygnost-Rotavirus only and 3 which were positive with Rotalex only were not confirmed as positive by electron microscopy. Both enzyme immunoassays gave 6% equivocal results; Slidex Rota-Kit gave significantly fewer equivocal results than did Rotalex: 2.9% versus 9.7% (P less than 0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of latex tests compared favorably with that of enzyme immunoassays. Latex agglutination tests can be performed by unskilled personnel and are rapid and relatively cheap. They appear to be very suitable for routine laboratory work and may prove useful for large-scale screening in developing countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Development of the sensitivity to antibiotics in strains of Neisseria gonorrhea isolated in Touraine over a 5-year period].

347 Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains isolated in Touraine, France, from December 1978 to March 1984 were tested for susceptibility to seven antibiotics using an agar dilution method. Percentage of strains with a penicillin G MIC = 0.06 micrograms/ml rose from 58% in 78-80 to 69% in 82-84. Consistent amoxicillin MICs were found throughout the survey (MIC 50: 0.125 and MIC 90: 0.5 micrograms/ml). Three penicillinase-producing strains were recovered from patients contaminated outside the study area. For tetracycline, minocycline, chloramphenicol and spectinomycin, variations of MICs 50 and 90 did not exceed one dilution either way. For spiramycin, MICs 50 and 90 fell from 2 and 8 micrograms/ml respectively in 78-80 to 1 and 2 micrograms/ml in 82-84. Our findings show that susceptibility of Gonococci to the main antibiotics used for treating gonococcal infections in our area has not changed significantly over the last five years. Moreover, implantation and diffusion of penicillinase-producing strains has failed to occur.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Use of the API 20E system for rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae (six hours) (author's transl)].

The authors propose a modification of the method of use of the API 20E system permitting more rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae within six hours (3 hours preculture and 3 hours incubation on an API 20E plate) it was possible to identify correctly 67% of 192 strains studied at species level and 75.5% studied at generic level. One may note four mistakes (2.1%) of which 3 were minor, (species within the same genus). The construction of a base of numerical data adapted to the technic within six hours would no doubt permit us to reduce the percentage undetermined.

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1978

Alterations of complement system following thermal injury: use in estimation of vital prognosis.

Complement system has been investigated in the first 15 days postburn. Complement titer (measured by a kinetic method of immune hemolysis) decreases immediately after thermal injury. This depression is mainly explained by mechanical leakage and is related to burn surface. No anticomplementary effect has ever been found in this period. After 48 hours complement titer rises. Magnitude and rate of rise are inversely related to the severity of burn trauma (depth and surface). Infection occurrence is statistically related to but somewhat independent of complement levels and interferes with the rate of increase of complement levels. The basis of the rise to normal or elevated complement levels remains unexplained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Chemotherapy-radiotherapy association in the treatment of localized forms of Hodgkin's disease. Prognosis of polychemotherapy after three trials of M.O.P.P].

63 patients with Hodgkin disease of limited extent (I, II, III) are treated with two protocols: extended field irradiation versus chemotherapy (M.O.P.P.) + extended field irradiation. Three points are suggested by analysis of the results: 1) Advantage from the combination of chemotherapy-radiotherapy. 2) Resistance to chemotherapy frequent innodular sclerosis. 3) In patients treated with chemotherapy the reaction has a prognostic value: failure of treatment being seen only in patients who did not obtain a complete remission.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗