Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Pontifex.
Computed tomographic findings in three cases of aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) are reported. Although conventional radiography is usually adequate in the demonstration of an expansile osteolytic cavity, CT may provide additional information about tumour characteristics, localization and extent, show the lesion's relation to the spinal cord and thus be of great help in preoperative planning.
Forty-seven patients with ovarian carcinoma were examined with computed tomography (CT). Fourteen were evaluated before laparotomy (group I), 25 following surgical treatment (group II), and 8 were followed by CT in the course, or following chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy (group III). CT provided accurate estimates of the size, shape and structure of the ovarian tumor in 8 patients in group I and contributed to diagnosis in 3 others. Primary ovarian tumors were incorrectly diagnosed in 3 cases. CT examination was valuable for detection of metastases in the mesenterium, omentum, peritoneum, abdominal organs and lymph nodes. The detection of small (1 cm diameter) metastatic implants on the peritoneal surface, omentum and liver capsule was facilitated by the presence of ascites. CT proved useful for patient follow-up, either after surgical treatment or when chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy was used.
Seventy-four clinically occult breast carcinomas were detected in 7535 patients who were examined clinically and by xeromammography. The criteria by which a diagnosis of clinically occult breast carcinoma was established are described in detail. The most frequent finding of a clinically occult breast carcinoma in the xeromammogram was an irregular mass density 1 cm in diameter or less with microcalcifications. Axillary lymph node metastases were present in 29.7% of the total group of patients, which is much fewer than what might have been expected if the carcinomas had been discovered by palpation during the clinical examination or by the patient herself. This means a better prognosis and a lower death rate from breast carcinoma. Screening xeromammography is encouraged for all women after the age of 40, especially for those who belong to the high-risk group, even though they are quite asymptomatic, as there is hope of detecting cancers before they become palpable.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A case of Cushing's syndrome is described in which the CT scan was considered as normal. The diagnosis was established with selective venography and blood sampling and was verified surgically.
Two unusual variations of the Vena cava inferior, as shown by CT examinations, are reported and characteristic X-rays, as well as CT scans, are presented. The first case shows an IVC course to the left of the aorta and the second case absence of the intrahepatic portion of the IVC with azygos continuation. Difficulties in the differential diagnosis are analyzed and discussed, both demonstrated by plain X-rays and CT scans.
41 dogs were subjected to percutaneous arterial embolization of branches or the main trunk of the renal artery with or without prior injury to the kidney. 8 materials were used: homologous blood clot, muscle, fat, fascia, barium sulfate, plain catgut, gelfoam and polyvinyl alcohol (Ivalon). From the angiographic investigation over a relatively long period, it was observed that complete recanalization of the embolized vessels occurred only with blood clot and gelfoam; partial recanalization, with muscle fat and plain catgut; and no recanalization at all with fat, barium sulfate and Ivalon.
Radiotherapists are often asked to irradiate patients with metastases in lymph nodes in the cervical area from an unknown primary carcinoma. In our department we use indirect mirror examination, finger palpation and cytology of smears from the nasopharynx, in case the primary is located there. The same method is used before radiotherapy of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, during treatment and at their follow up examinations. We found cytology of the nasopharynx very useful in managing these patients.
Percutaneous venography of the internal spermatic vein was performed for the localization of unpalpable testicles in 5 patients varying from 4 to 45 years of age. The catheterization of the vein on the left side was successful in all 5 cases; and the testicle was localized and verified by surgery in all but one case in which a competent valve prevented the retrograde filling of the whole length of the vein down to the testicle. In the two patients with bilateral undescended testicles the right internal vein could not be identified in one patient, and in the other patient a semiselective injection was done into that vein which appeared to represent the spermatic vein, but the examination was not conclusive.
A case of unilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis is presented in a patient with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis was established from the presence of gas in the renal parenchyma, the pelvicalyceal system and the ureter. The patient was treated with a prolonged course of antibiotics and the function of the left kidney returned to normal.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
At the Institutes for Diagnostic Radiology of the Universities of Athens (Greece) and Freiburg/Br. (West Germany) the mammographic examination had to be supplemented in 4 res. 2 per cent by injection of contrast medium into the milk ducts (galactography). This procedure is indicated in cases with secreting of the mammary glands. Technic and results are presented. Recognition of small, non-palpable tumors which might not be detected by mammography alone is emphasized.