Biomedical subjects
G Popa
Publications and source records attributed to G Popa.
Effects of adrenergic and cholinergic agents on ureteral functions in dogs.
The effects of the autonomic nervous system on ureteral functions were investigated by application of stimulating and blocking drugs. These effects were differentiated from those due to a change of urine flow by perfusing the renal pelvis with isotonic saline. Peristaltic frequency was readily increased by higher flow volume, but was rarely affected by blockage of alpha-adrenergic and cholinergic receptors. The ureteral pacemaker could be activated by alpha-stimulation and inhibited by beta-stimulation. During perfusion of renal pelvis at a pressure of 12 mm Hg, transport capacity of the ureter could be significantly increased either by alpha-blockade or beta-stimulation. Stimulation of alpha-receptors decreased transport capacity, whereas stimulation of cholinergic receptors remained ineffective. These experiments suggest that responses of sympathetic stimulators and blockers are brought about by their influence on ureter muscle tone. The therapeutic value of these drugs is discussed.
[Management of chronic urinary tract infections using Mezlocillin].
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[Hematologic complications in acute alcoholism].
The authors investigated the relations between cell anomalies (vacuolation, increasing sideroblastosis) caused by the uptake of alcohol and the dynamics of haematopoesis in the bone-marrow of 33 alcoholists who had been admitted in a comatose condition and who were neither affected with anaemia nor with chronic hepatitis. In all cases a maturation arrest of erythropoetic and granulopoetic cell elements which was not in accordance with the number of immature vacuolated cells could be observed. 12 test persons showed increased sideroblastic indices and a slightly diminished medullary reticulocytosis. The majority showed a very active thrombocytopoesis contrasting with the normal or even diminished number of thrombocytes in the peripheral blood. The authors come to the conclusion that alcohol will cause a general metabolic damage of haematopoesis and at the same time it will produce a direct toxic effect on the bone-marrow cells (proerythroblasts, promyelocytes) and the peripheral blood (thrombocytes).
[Antibacterial therapy of urinary tract infections. Results of a clinical trial with the combination sulfamoxol/Trimethoprim (= CN 3123) (author's transl)].
In the present paper, the use of the combination preparation sulfamoxol/trimethoprim (CN 3123, Nevin [Grünenthal], Supristol [Nordmark]) in urinary tract infections is reported. This preparation was used in 165 patients of both sexes and all ages. The initial dose was 2 tablets followed by a maintenance dose of 1 tablet every 12 hours for a treatment lasting 10 days on the average. The preparation led to asepsis in 69% of the patients with chronic urinary tract infections if the organisms were sensitive in vitro. In asymptomatical urinary tract infections complicated by fistula and transurethral indwelling catheters, on the other hand, elimination of organisms was only attained in 46%. In our opinion, antibiotic therapy is not indicated in these patients only after taking off the indwelling catheter.
Cancer and truth.
In this paper the authors discuss the continuing dilemma for doctors who have to tell a patient that he has cancer, particularly the moment when he should confirm a diagnosis that most patients have already sensed. For the writers it is most important that the doctor should be a bridge for the patient to return to his everyday world from the physical and spiritual isolation which his disease has created.
A peculiar lymph node anti-carcinoma reaction.
A case of a laryngeal extensive carcinoma determining a severe obstruction is reported, where the development of a monstrous adenopathy is followed by the regression of the initial tumour until complete laryngoscopical disappearance, as well as of obstructive and general symptoms. Cytological and histological examinations of the above-mentioned lymph node demonstrated (besides metastatic cells) a peculiar cellular reaction, similar to rhinoscleroma, which represented an original anti-carcinoma defensive mode. The medical importance of this very rare case is discussed and the probable immune origin of this reactive cellular complex is explained by analogy with "Hodgkinom", where granuloma are the immune response of the body against Sternberg-Reed cell.
Renal test dyes III. Effect of dyes suitable for renal passage time measurements on renal function.
The effects of the triaryl-methane dyes Lissamine Green SF (LF SF). Lissamine Green BN (LG BN), Lissamine Green V (LG V) and Kiton Pure Blue V (KPB V) on renal functions of rats and on sodium transport across isolated frog skin have been investigated. The experiments failed to show any natriuretic or diuretic effects of the purified dyes on the rat kidney. In the continuous infusion experiments, which lasted 3 1/2 h, the amount of the dye infused was equivalent to a passage time measurement every 3 min. In rapid injection experiments LG V was injected every 5 min for 1 h. The dyes did not have any effect on insulin clearance either. Previously reported effects of the dyes can be partly explained by the presence of sodium sulfate in commercially available dyes. Experiments with LG V showed that the dye also has no effect on the potential difference or short circuit current across the isolated frog skin. This supports their usefulness as renal test dyes.
[Parenteral chemotherapy in urinary tract infections with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ)].
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[Indanyl Carbenicillin in the treatment of urinary tract infections due to difficult urological organisms (author's transl)].
Fifty in-patients suffering from chronic urinary tract infections with underlying urological diseases received the oral Carbenicillin preparation Indanyl Carbenicillin (short term Carindacillin) for 10 days in a dosage of 1 g q.i.d. The therapy results were objectified by blood and urine tests performed prior to and after treatment. Indanyl Carbenicillin led to a sterile urine in nearly 60% of the patients; in about 85% of the cases the primary organism was eliminated. The drug was particularly active against difficult organisms such as Proteus, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas. The results obtained in this study are somewhat surprising as the dosage used produces bactericidal levels of the active substance only in the cavity system of the efferent urinary tract but not in the tissue. No effect on blood picture or liver function was observed. Side effects occurred in 8 patients, they disappeared with continued therapy or after discontinuation of the drug. Considering the good efficacy observed in this study and because of the possibility of oral administration, Indanyl Carbenicillin appears to be suitable also for out-patient treatment of chronic urinary tract infections due to difficult urological germs.
[A special form of mycosis fungoides].
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[Early and late results after cryosurgical treatment of bladder neck obstructions (author's transl)].
We report on late results of 100 risk patients, who were operated by cryosurgical technique because of bladder neck obstructions. Detailed representation of complications. The primary mortality was 5%. Controls after one year showed good functional results on 80% of the patients. 60% of the patients had sterile urine, whereas only 17% of the male patients had no infection before the operation. As to the anatomical results we could talk of a cryoprostatectomy in 25% of the cases. Because of a 20% failure cryosurgery remains a palliative operation, which can only be carried out on risk patients. Because of little hemorrhagic diathesis and the possibility to perform this operation under local anesthesia cryosurgical operations on the other hand are suitable for patients, who cannot be anesthetised. Otherwise these patients had needed a permanent catheter. We prefer shorter freezing times of 3--4 min. Essentially we could show the same functional results as other authors, who preferred longer freezing times, until they reached a certain temperature in the prostatic capsule. By shorter freezing times on the contrary we could avoid secondary transurethral resections of larger necroses. New disturbed micturition after cryosurgical treatment of the prostate is unusual. The question of a later recidivation is of secondary importance because of the primary high morbidity rate of the selected number of cases.
[Lymphoblastic leukemia caused by chloramphenicol].
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[Hyperthyroidism associated with thrombocytopenic purpura].
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[Disseminated intravascular coagulation].
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[Significance of residual hepatocholedochal dilatation following principal methods of surgical treatment in benign stenoses of the terminal choledochus].
Out of 305 cases, diagnosed and operated in the clinic over a period of 14 years, the authors have investigated in 164 of them--controlled between 2 and 14 years after surgery--the residual dilatation of the hepatic segment of the choledocus following the application of the major methods of surgical treatment of benign stenoses of the terminal choledocus duct. In view of reducing the disturbances that might occur after surgery of the biliary pathways, the material was investigated and, in the light of the data from the literature, the conditions are discussed, in which the residual hepato-choledocal dilatation should be considered as pathological, the methods of investigation, the difference between the duodeno-biliary reflux and the jejuno-biliary reflux, the anatomo-pathophysiological basis of a more complete and differentiated surgical therapy, the precautions necessary for avoiding remaining intra-hepatic abscesses that might complicate the postoperative evolution.
[Problems in the diagnosis and treatment of intrahepatic lithiasis].
Following the study of 44 cases of intra-hepatic lithiasis the authors have reached these conclusions:--intra-hepatic lithiasis (both primary and secondary) represents 3% of the biliary lithiases;--the characteristic element of the evolution of biliary lithiasis is the so-called "ageing phenomenon" leading to the formation of multiple stones, progressively obstructing the biliary pathways and finally involving the intra-hepatic segments. These are the so-called biliary panlithiases representing 50% of the cases with intra-hepatic lithiasis in the author's statistics;--cholangiography (both intravenous and intra-canalicular) should be considered as completed only when it provides a representation of the entire biliary system;--one cannot speak at present of a "remaining" or "forgotten" hepato-choledocus stone before the exclusion of the intra-hepatic "forgotten" stone;--the significant reduction of "post-cholecystectomy disturbances" depends on the correct diagnosis and treatment of all stones, indifferent of their site of occurrence (extra- and intra-hepatic).
Recurrent cranial polyneuropathy.
General considerations on recurrent cranial polyneuropathy are made. In addition, a study carried out in 42 patients with recurrent cranial polyneuropathy (RCP) permitted the assessment of some parameters closely related to age, sex and evolution in order to elaborate an etiopathologic hypothesis. Female cases prevailed (31 females, 11 males); the interval between two episodes varied from 1 month to 39 years. 117 episodes were found (from 2 to 8 episodes in one patient). Immune, vascular and entrapment aspects are discussed.