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Biomedical subjects

G Poulsen

Publications and source records attributed to G Poulsen.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Etiologic factors in secretory otitis.

We investigated the possible etiologic factors of secretory otitis and dysfunction of the Eustachian tube in 278 healthy 2-year-old children based on screening tympanometry and medical history. We found that catarrhalia was the most frequent etiologic factor, with acute otitis being the second most frequent factor. It was demonstrated that secretory otitis may develop without a preceding infection of the middle ear. It is probable that dysfunction of the tube plays a primary role in the development of secretory otitis. Allergy did not seem to be an etiologic factor. Antibiotic treatment does not promote the development of secretory otitis, but is probably unable to prevent it. Parental disposition could not be related to the children's ear diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Tympanometry in 2-year-old children. Seasonal influence on frequency of secretory otitis and tubal function.

Repetitive screening tympanometry performed in 240 healthy 2-year-old children showed that tympanometric conditions are significantly better in the summer season than in the spring or winter. A very large tendency to spontaneous normalization of the tympanogram type B was demonstrated. Only 16% of the ears that had type B at the first investigation in November had the same type in August. Simultaneous with the normalization of some ears others deteriorated, thus in November type B tympanogram was found in 12%, in February 14.6%, in May 11.3%, and in August 7.2% of all ears investigated. Due to the large variability in the tympanometric conditions which are predominantly caused by catarrhalia, 28.6% of the ears have had type B tympanogram at least once during the period from November to August, while only 1.6% have had type B at all four investigations. The large spontaneous recovery of secretory otitis, demonstrated in the present study, indicates that the child should be observed for a period before implementation of surgical treatment.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1979

Screening tympanometry during the first year of life.

150 healthy children were regularly investigated with tympanometry during the first year of life. Normal middle ear pressure was found in nearly all children at birth. At the age of 6 months, 62% of the ears had a pressure of 0-99 mmH2O. In 37% the pressure was between -100 and -350 mmH2O and 1% had flat curves. At the age of 9 months, the tympanograms further deteriorated and at 12 months, only 40% of the ears had a pressure of 0 to -99 mmH2O, 28% had a pressure of -100 to -199 mmH2O, 19% a pressure of -200 to -350 mmH2O and 13% had flat curves, indicating secretory otitis. At 1 year, the tympanograms were worse than in any other age group investigated so far. The dominant cause of the reduced middle ear ventilation was catarrhalia, the frequency of which increased during the period from 6 to 12 months.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1978

[Tuba aperta].

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Adult↗
PubMed1978

Tympanometry in 2-year-old children.

Screening tympanometry was performed in 278 healthy 2-year-old children (556 ears) born the first 10 days of every month in 1976 in two municipalities from Copenhagen County. A middle ear pressure between 0 and -99 mm H2O was found in 49.6%, between -100 and -199 in 19.4%, between -200 and -300 in 20.1%, and flat curves in 10.8%. The latter group also otoscopically gave evidence of middle ear effusion. The results reveal the highest incidence of tubal dysfunction and middle ear effusion for this age group in contrast to any other age group. However, a large spontaneous recovery from secretory otitis was also noted. No differences were found between sexes, right ear/left ear, the socio-economic factors, or whether the children lived in houses or apartments. Children who were nursed in public nurseries had a significantly higher incidence of secretory otitis than those nursed in private nurseries or at home.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1978

Screening tympanometry in newborn infants and during the first six months of life.

Tympanometry was performed in 151 healthy children at birth and at 3 and 6 months of age. At birth 10.5% of the ears had a pressure of -100 mmH2O, and 0.3% a pressure of -125 mmH20. The pressure in most of these ears later became normalized. At 3 months of age 17.9% had a pressure of -100 mmH2O or less, and at 6 months of age 39.2%. At 6 months of age 1.3% of the ears had flat curves and middle ear effusion, and 9.6% had a pressure between -200 and -300 mmH2O. The pressure changes and their cause were analysed. Catarrhalia occurred in 23% of the infants before 3 months of age and in 60% in the 3-6 month period. This is an important though not the only etiological factor for the reduced ventilation in the middle ear, which probably occurs via oedema of the tubal mucosa and mild internal tubal occlusion. Ventilation was significantly reduced at 3 months of age in catarrhal girls, and in catarrhal boys at 6 months of age.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1977

Tubal function in chronic secretory otitis media in children.

In 100 children (150 ears) with chronic secretory otitis media the function of the Eustachian tube during treatment with grommet was investigated by air equalisation methods. Tubal function proved poor in the great majority at the beginning of the treatment, but towards its completion there was some improvement. After extrusion of the grommet, tubal function was investigated on the same material by tympanometry. 34% had normal middle-ear pressure initially, and 43% 12-18 months after closure of the perforation. There was no relation between tubal function shown by air equalisation methods and by tympanometry, and the air equalisation methods proved of less value than tympanometry in assessing the course and prognosis of secretory otitis. The pathogenetic theories - the ex vacuo and the secretory theory - are discussed in relation to the chronic tubal dysfunction found to be the most common direct cause of the disease.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1976

Secretory otitis media. Late results of treatment with grommets.

In 108 children (184 ears) with chronic secretory otitis treated with grommets, the condition at one-to-five years follow-up was compared with that at five-to-eight years follow-up. At the latter time, hearing was extremely good, 97.5% of the ears having a speech reception threshold (SRT) of 20 dB or less. However, only 67% of patients could be classified as cured by normal tympanometry. The remaining ears showed a negative middle-ear pressure of 100 to 300 mm H2O (25%), recurrent accumulation of secretion (1.6%), adhesive otitis (3.3%), perforation (1.7%), or cholesteatoma (1%). The eardrum was normal in 44% of patients, while in 25% it was diffusely atrophic, lax, or retracted.

Adenoidectomy↗