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G Pye

Publications and source records attributed to G Pye.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Influence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the outcome of faecal occult blood tests in screening for colorectal cancer.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been accused of causing false positive results in faecal occult blood tests for colorectal cancer. A study was therefore performed in 10,931 people undergoing faecal occult blood screening tests to assess the effect of these drugs on the predictive value of a positive test result. Those with a positive result were interviewed and a full drug history was taken before they underwent a full colorectal examination. Of the 455 people with a positive result, 50 were taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: 10 (20%) had colonic neoplasia. Of the 405 who were not taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 129 (32%) had colonic neoplasia. These detection rates were not significantly different, and the predictive value of a positive result for an adenoma larger than 1 cm was 14% in the group not taking anti-inflammatory drugs and 26% in the group taking them (not significant). These results suggest that a finding of occult faecal blood cannot be attributed to upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and should be followed by a thorough colorectal examination.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Improved method for estimation of azole antifungal inhibitory concentrations against Candida species, based on azole/antibiotic interactions.

Low, reproducible minimal inhibitory concentrations against Candida species, with sharp, precise end points in complex media were achieved for imidazoles (clotrimazole, econazole, miconazole, tioconazole and ketoconazole) and triazoles (fluconazole, itraconazole, vibunazole, ICI 153066) by including in the test medium antibacterial antibiotics that bind to the 80S eukaryotic ribosome and inhibit protein synthesis, i.e. blasticidin, cycloheximide, doxycycline, neomycin and gentamicin. The presence of these antibiotics reduced MICs, on average, by 50- to 250-fold. Other protein synthesis inhibitors (rifampicin, erythromycin, lincomycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol and fusidic acid) were not effective, and the antibiotics did not affect MICs for Aspergillus species. The low azole MICs were in close agreement with MICs obtained in a defined, tissue culture-based medium lacking added antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Screening for colorectal cancer: a critical review.

This article discusses the place of symptom detection, endoscopy, and fecal occult blood testing in population screening for colorectal cancer. There is now considerable evidence that screening the population over the age of 50 years for occult blood in the feces will result in an increased yield of tumors localized to the bowel at the time of surgical treatment. These tumors also have other favorable prognostic features and it is likely that the prognosis of this group will be better than the prognosis of patients presenting with symptoms in the usual way. Because of the biases that result from the selection and detection of tumors in screening studies, the mortality results of the control trials now underway must be awaited until it is known whether population screening is of real value. In chemical fecal occult blood screening tests, a compromise has to be made between sensitivity and specificity. The fecal occult blood test most widely used and the one that has been subjected to the most evaluation in screening studies is the guaiac-based slide test, Hemoccult. The predictive value of a positive test for invasive cancer is 11-17%, and for adenomas, 36-41%. This specificity is achieved at a loss of sensitivity, the interval cancer rate reported in screening studies being over 20%. Newly developed immunological techniques appear to be more sensitive and specific, but require further evaluation in population screening studies.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗