Biomedical subjects

G R Bauer

Publications and source records attributed to G R Bauer.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Beyond assumptions of negligible risk: sexually transmitted diseases and women who have sex with women.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the association of female-female sexual behavior with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). METHODS: Female participants (n = 286) were recruited from the Twin Cities Gay/Lesbian/Bisexual/Transgender Pride Festival. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between female-female sexual behavior and STDs. RESULTS: Women in all partner history groups, including 13% of women with only female partners, reported a history of STD. Increased sexual exposures with women predicted an increase in the likelihood of STDs after known risk factors had been controlled. Neither number of female partners nor number of exposures was associated with obtaining regular STD testing. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of STDs through female-female sexual exposure is not negligible. Nevertheless, patterns of STD testing do not reflect this risk.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Peg-in-hole, end-to-end, and V arthrodesis. A comparison of digital stabilization in fresh cadaveric specimens.

The proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis is frequently performed to correct hammer toe deformities. This study was conducted to compare the inherent stability of the three proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodeses--peg-in-hole, end-to-end, and V constructs--in the sagittal plane by means of load-to-failure testing of 30 fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens fixated with a 0.045 Kirschner wire. The peg-in-hole construct was associated with significantly higher peak loads at failure compared with the other two procedures. Furthermore, the peg-in-hole construct had significantly higher stiffness values as compared with the V procedure. This study thus provides evidence that the peg-in-hole procedure is the most biomechanically stable surgical construct for proximal interphalangeal joint fusions under sagittal plane loading.

Arthrodesis↗

PubMed1998

Analysis of in vivo 3-D internal kinematics of the joints of the foot.

This paper describes a methodology for the analysis of three-dimensional (3-D) kinematics of live joints of the foot based on tomographic image data acquired via magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. A mechanical jig facilitates acquisition of MR images corresponding to different positions of the joint in a pronation-supination motion. The surfaces of the individual tarsal bones are constructed by segmenting the MR images. A mathematical description of the motion of the individual bones and of their relative motion is derived by computing the rigid transformation required to match the centroids and the principal axes of the surfaces. The mathematically described motion is animated via surface renditions of the bones. The kinematics of the bones are analyzed based on features extracted from the motion description and on how they vary with motion. Based on 17 joints that have been imaged, which includes an abnormal joint and the same joint after surgical correction, we conclude that this methodology offers a practical tool for measuring internal 3-D kinematics of joints in vivo and for characterizing and quantifying with specificity normal kinematics and their pathological deviations. Some of the 3-D kinematic animations generated using the methods of this paper for normal joints can be seen at: http:(/)/www.mipg.upenn.edu.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗

PubMed1996

Clinical applications of three-dimensional magnetic resonance image analysis.

A methodology for measuring the kinematic parameters of joints in vivo has been refined using the technique of computerized three-dimensional reconstruction from magnetic resonance images. A research protocol has been developed to establish a classification of normal and pathologic foot function that will have broad clinical application. Development of algorithms for a computer-directed program that can predict resultant kinematics and joint morphometry for a given osteotomy or osseous remodeling procedure will assist the surgeon in preoperative surgical planning.

Ankle↗

PubMed1995

New method for reconstruction in lateral ankle instability.

Ankle instability is a frequent sequel following inversion sprain mechanisms of injury and has been estimated as occurring in approximately 20% of patients, regardless of the type of initial treatment. Mismanagement and undertreatment of this common injury contribute to the development of chronic instability symptoms with resultant tendencies toward reinjury. Loss of anatomical integrity of the injured ligamentous structures, proprioceptive deficits, or superimposed varus structural aberrations may all contribute to the chronicity of this condition. Surgical reconstruction of the insufficient ligaments can be accomplished through a variety of methods to restore stability. The more popular procedures currently being performed will be critiqued, and a new variant will be suggested that reduplicates the injured collateral ligaments more anatomically and reduces the technical complications inherent to operative procedures of this nature.

Ankle Joint↗

PubMed1990

Functional reconstruction after ablative debridement for severe diabetic foot infection.

Managing limb-threatening diabetic infections imposes a significant strain on both physician and patient. Patient disclosure must be thorough before undertaking the task. The possibility of prolonged hospitalization, multiple surgical interventions, prolonged rehabilitation, and the potential for loss of limb must be discussed. Patient attitude and cooperation are requisite to a favorable outcome. A staged protocol must be observed. Initial surgical debridement, local wound care, and appropriate medical management to eradicate the infectious process must precede the functional reconstruction. Surgical reconstruction should use the simplest method available that will result in a durable and functional closure. Even with the best result, the patient will forever be at a functional disadvantage with the potential for future recurrence. Appropriate accommodative footwear must be instituted to augment pressure distribution on the compromised extremity. Routine reevaluation in addition to patient education is the best assurance for a favorable, sustained outcome.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Lesser proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis: a retrospective analysis of the peg-in-hole and end-to-end procedures.

A retrospective study was performed to compare the prevalence of complications in peg-in-hole and end-to-end arthrodesis procedures. The authors reviewed 177 second, third, and fourth proximal interphalangeal joint fusions for the correction of hammer toe deformities in 85 patients from 1988 to 1998 at the Temple University School of Podiatric Medicine. The average age of the patients was 49 years. Sixteen percent (14) of the subjects were male and 84% were (71) female. Upon follow-up, the fourth digit was generally associated with a greater number of complications for the end-to-end and peg-in-hole procedures, with the second digit being the most common site of fusion. The prevalence of complications was evaluated using contingency table analysis and expressed as a percent of total complications (27%, the end-to-end group; 17%, the peg-in-hole group). A subset of complications deemed clinically relevant was also computed. Similarly, the prevalence of clinically relevant complications for the end-to-end (10%) and the peg-in-hole (9%) procedures was not statistically significant. Therefore, this study showed no statistically significant differences in the total or clinically relevant complications between end-to-end and the peg-in-hole arthrodesis procedures.

Adolescent↗