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Biomedical subjects

G R Donehew

Publications and source records attributed to G R Donehew.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Pharmaceutical services in a third-party system: an analysis.

The pharmacy system of the U.S. Army Health Services Command (HSC) is presented as a model of a third-party governmentally operated pharmacy system. The system is analyzed for FY 1979 and compared with national averages for a similar time frame. Within HSC, the pharmacists to supported population ratio is 12:100,000, the pharmacist to technician ratio is 1:1.3, each outpatient pharmacy supports 54,041 people, each hospital supports 84,713 people, and the HSC pharmacy cost per beneficiary per year is $14.44. The average pharmacist's salary is $22,000 per year, and the average technician's salary is $13,000. When the resource commitment for pharmacy services by HSC is compared to national averages, HSC supports a given population with fewer pharmacists, less drug costs, and fewer pharmacy facilities. HSC also supports a given population with fewer beds and admissions than the national average. The salary per pharmacist is comparable for HSC and the national average; however, within HSC, technicians receive a larger salary than the national average. It is concluded that, for a given population, HSC commits fewer resources in support of pharmacy services than the national average.

Cost Allocation↗
PubMed1979

The pharmacist's role as a member of the institutional review board.

Since World War II, concern about the protection of human subjects in biomedical research has increased considerably. The Nuremberg Code and the Helsinki Declaration have been published. The United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (DHEW) has developed and published regulations that specify a review process which research institutions must follow in order to receive DHEW funds for research involving human subjects. Part of this process includes a review of research projects by an Institutional Review Board (IRB). Membership on the IRB must be varied and should include allied scientists. Because many of the projects include investigational drugs, the inclusion of a pharmacist as a member is logical. The pharmacist, if properly selected and prepared, can play a vital role in the review of research projects by assisting in the evaluation of the scientific merit of the plan, the appropriateness of the volunteer agreement, and the regulatory compliance of the project. The selected pharmacist should view the duty as another opportunity to practice clinical pharmacy.

Human Experimentation↗
PubMed1979

Motivating pharmacists.

Although pharmacists are developing interest in many types of pharmacy practice, they are still spending the bulk of their time in the prescription dispensing process. Any effort to provide motivation must consider the prescription dispensing process. The pharmacy literature includes only a few studies that dealt with pharmacists as people. The studies usually showed that pharmacists basically were unhappy with their jobs. In developing a motivational climate for pharmacists, pharmacy supervisors have several concepts to consider: the hierarchy of needs by Maslow; the expectancy theory by Hampton; the gygiene-motivator theory by Herzberg; and the Theory Y management approach by McGregor. Because pharmacists must be induced to enter and remain in an organization, supervisors should be aware of the need to use any technique available in developing a motivational climate.

Humans↗