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G R McArthur

Publications and source records attributed to G R McArthur.

2 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Evaluation of an autogenous Salmonella bacterin and a modified live Salmonella serotype Choleraesuis vaccine on a commercial dairy farm.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of a Salmonella bacterin and a modified live Salmonella ser. Choleraesuis vaccine on a commercial dairy. ANIMALS: 450 cows in late gestation and 80 calves. PROCEDURE: Group-1 cows (n = 150) were vaccinated once with a modified live S. Choleraesuis (serogroup C1) strain 54 (SC54) vaccine, group-2 cows (150) were vaccinated on enrollment and 30 days later with a Salmonella ser. Montevideo (serogroup C1) bacterin, and group-3 cows (150) served as unvaccinated controls. One gallon of colostrum harvested from the first 80 cows to calve was fed to each calf. Outcome assessments included fecal shedding of Salmonella spp for the first 10 days after parturition (cows) or birth (calves), milk production, involuntary culling rate, mastitis incidence, antimicrobial use, and mortality rate. RESULTS: Salmonellae were isolated from 306 of 309 (99%) cows and 64 of 74 (86.5%) calves. Shedding frequency was less in SC54-vaccinated cows and calves that received colostrum from those cows, compared with the other groups, and vaccination was specifically associated with less shedding of serogroup C1 salmonellae. Production data were similar among groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Vaccination of pregnant cows with an autogenous Salmonella bacterin had no effect on fecal shedding of salmonellae, whereas vaccination with a modified live S. Choleraesuis vaccine reduced the frequency of fecal shedding of serogroup C1 salmonellae during the peripartum period. A commercial S. Choleraesuis vaccine licensed for use in swine may be more efficacious than autogenous Salmonella bacterins on dairies infected with serogroup C1 salmonellae.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Fiberoptic argon laser stapedotomy: is it safe?

The history of otosclerosis surgery has been marked by major advances in both surgical technique and instrumentation. Fenestration, stapes mobilization, total stapedectomy, and stapedotomy were important advances in technique. Loupes, binocular microscopy, speculum holders, and microdrills similarly advanced instrumentation. What about fiberoptic argon laser handpieces for use in laser stapedotomy? Do they represent a significant advance in instrumentation, or are they merely another gimmick? Are fiberoptic argon laser handpieces safe? Experimentally, the thermal effects of argon laser, delivered via fiberoptic handpieces to a cadaver stapes and model vestibule, were studied. No significant temperature elevations within a model vestibule were observed during stapedotomy. There were significant temperature elevations within the laser plume at the level of the facial nerve. These findings are consistent with our experience in over 2200 primary and revision stapedotomies. To date, there have been no cases of significant hearing loss or permanent facial paralysis related to the use of these fiberoptic handpieces. We believe fiberoptic argon laser handpieces are as safe as conventional microsurgical instruments in stapes surgery.

Ear Diseases↗