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Biomedical subjects

G R Ruth

Publications and source records attributed to G R Ruth.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Ultrastructural alterations in nutritional cardiomyopathy of selenium-vitamin E deficient swine. II. Vascular lesions.

Selenium-vitamin E deficiency was produced in weanling swine by feeding a semisynthetic basal diet for 13 to 59 days. Pigs were killed sequentially for morphologic studies of the cardiac lesions. In hearts with vascular damage, gross hemorrhages were scattered in the myocardium and serosal surfaces. Light and electron microscopic study revealed myocardial arteriolar damage characterized by segmental fibrinoid accumulation in vessel walls and by scattered fibrin thrombi. Ultrastructural study disclosed extensive subendothelial and inner wall accumulations of dense granular deposits of serum proteins and masses of fibrin in arterioles in which dense deposits of fibrinoid were identified by light microscopy. Endothelial cells of these arterioles were loosely attached to each other. In arterioles with fibrin thrombi, the endothelium was disrupted. In mildly injured arterioles, increased endothelial permeability resulted in insudation of blood proteins into the vessel wall to produce accumulation of fibrinoid. In severely injured vessels, endothelial integrity was destroyed, smooth muscle cells were necrotic and thrombosis had developed. Initiation of these arteriolar lesions was apparently the result of lipoperoxidative damage to endothelial cell membranes that lacked protection by selenium-vitamin E.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Pneumonia associated with Torulopsis glabrata in an aborted bovine fetus.

The second case of bovine abortion caused by Torulopsis glabrata observed in examining more than 5000 fetuses is reported. The yeast was cultured from fetal abomasal content and fetal lung; attempts to isolate viruses and bacteria were unsuccessful. The yeast was seen in association with diffuse fetal pneumonia characterized by presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages within bronchioles, alveolar lumina and alveolar septa. Macrophages containing many yeast cells were observed within bronchioles.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1975

Efficacy and safety of selenium-vitamin E injections in newborn pigs to prevent subclinical deficiency in growing swine.

Seventy-eight newborn pigs were allotted to 4 treatment groups: 22 pigs in group A were given no selenium-vitamin E (Se-E), 22 pigs in group B were given small doses of Se-E, 22 pigs in group C were given medium doses of Se-E, and 12 pigs in group D were given large doses of Se-E. Pigs were intramuscularly injected before 7 days of age and at weaning (40 days of age), respectively, as follows: group A--1 ml of physiologic saline solution/pig each time, group B--0.25 mg of Se/pig and later 0.06 mg of Se/kg of body weight, group C--1.0 mg of Se/pig and later 0.24 mg of Se/kg, and group D--1.5 mg of Se/pig and later 0.72 mg of Se/kg. Selenium was supplied as sodium selenite in commercially available Se-E injectable compounds. From 2 weeks of age to weaning, the pigs were fed a corn-torula yeast creep feed containing Se at the concentration of 0.03 ppm, and from weaning to slaughter, a corn-soybean meal ration was fed containing Se at the concentration of 0.07 ppm and alpha-tocopherol at the concentration of 15.7 mg/kg. Subclinical Se-E deficiency developed in control pigs of group A and was characterized by subtle muscular stiffness, significant increases in plasma activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and typical residual lesions in heart and skeletal muscle, but not in liver, at slaughter at 165 days of age. Pigs injected with Se-E did not develop these evidences of subclinical deficiency. Pigs in group D were stunted for several weeks after the 2nd Se-E injection, and plasma GOT and CPK activities were significantly increased at 3 weeks after injection. Growth rates were otherwise similar between groups. Significant difference in Se content of liver, muscle, serum, and hair was not seen between pigs in the 4 groups at 120 and 165 days of age. A test period of physical exertion and heat stress resulted in significant increase of plasma GOT and CPK activities in 4 of 8 pigs at 110 days of age.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in a breeding colony of African clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis).

More than 90% of a breeding colony of clawed frogs (Xenopus tropicalis) imported to the United States from western Africa died in an epizootic of chlamydiosis. Chlamydial inclusions were observed by light and electron microscopy in the liver of an infected frog. Chlamydia pneumoniae was isolated in cell cultures from four frogs. A cutaneous infection by a chytridiomycete fungus observed in two frogs could have been a cofactor in the die-off.ous Diseases

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lesions of perirenal hemorrhage syndrome in growing turkeys.

Turkeys from six market flocks were examined at 8 to 19 weeks of age to assess morphologic lesions of perirenal hemorrhage syndrome (PHS). PHS was diagnosed in 165 of 715 turkeys necropsied, and 82 turkeys served as age- and weight-matched controls. The most consistent gross findings were rounded pectoral muscles of normal color, ingesta-filled crops and gizzards, variable retroperitoneal perirenal hemorrhage, a swollen dark red and light purple spleen, congested intestinal blood vessels, and pulmonary edema and/or hemorrhage. The main histologic lesions of PHS were perivascular edema in lungs and kidneys, vascular congestion of various organs, renal perivenous hemorrhage, and proliferative arterial and arteriolar lesions in the spleen and kidneys that were more severe than those in controls. Heart weights, including mean relative weights of the right and combined left ventricles and interventricular septa, were significantly greater in turkeys that died with PHS than in controls. Scores for tibial dyschondroplasia and "breast blisters" were more severe in turkeys that died with PHS than in controls. The cardiovascular system appeared to be the PHS target system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The incidence of perirenal hemorrhage syndrome in six flocks of market turkey toms.

Four flocks of the Nicholas strain and two of the British United turkey (BUT) strain of large white market turkey toms were monitored from 8 to 19 weeks of age to identify the presence, incidence, age distribution, and possible cause(s) of perirenal hemorrhage syndrome (PHS), or acute hypertensive angiopathy. Mortality rates varied among the flocks from 0.81% to 1.78% of total poults started. Nicholas flocks has a distinct peak in mortality between 9 and 14 weeks of age. PHS was the main cause of mortality from 8 to 14 weeks of age in all flocks except one, and the incidence diminished after 15 weeks of age. No significant bacterial pathogens were detected in any of the PHS cases. Distinct peaks in overall weekly mortality between 10 and 13 weeks of age similar to those in the four Nicholas flocks were also observed in six of 10 Minnesota flocks surveyed separately.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perirenal hemorrhage syndrome in market turkey toms: effect of management factors.

Differences in the overall mortality rates and mortality due to perirenal hemorrhage syndrome (PHS) were compared in large white Nicholas tom turkeys. The study evaluated the effects of 1) four different light and temperature treatments; 2) three feed additives proposed to have anti-stress effects (reserpine, acetylsalicylic acid, and increased calcium); 3) toe-clipping on mortality, various disease conditions, and production parameters. Mortality varied from 0.60% to 3.57% among groups. Increased room temperature (21 C), toe-clipping, step-up/step-down lighting, and dietary reserpine reduced the incidence of PHS as compared with lower room temperature (13 C), no toe-clipping, intermittent lighting (2 hours light, 4 hours dark), and no dietary reserpine. Dietary aspirin or elevated calcium levels had no effect on PHS incidence. Overall mortality was greatest in the warmer rooms.

Animal Husbandry↗