PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Raff

Publications and source records attributed to G Raff.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Vaginal bleeding from massive hemoperitoneum. A case report.

BACKGROUND: A gynecology service is often asked to consult and evaluate in-house patients with vaginal bleeding. CASE: A 31-year-old, Asian woman with a history of end-stage renal disease and hemodialysis was admitted to the hospital with a falling hematocrit. She subsequently began to have heavy vaginal bleeding. Computed tomography suggested a peritoneal-cervical fistula. Subsequent exploratory laparotomy documented that the bleeding was caused by retrograde flow of a hemoperitoneum. CONCLUSION: This appears to be the first reported case of retrograde flow from a hemoperitoneum causing vaginal bleeding. Although unusual, this case expands the differential diagnosis when evaluating vaginal bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A prospective controlled trial of early postoperative oral intake following major abdominal gynecologic surgery.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether, when compared with traditional dietary advancement, early oral intake following major gynecologic surgery leads to a reduction in the length of hospitalization. METHODS: Patients undergoing major abdominal gynecologic surgery were invited to participate in this study. After informed consent was obtained, they were randomized to one of two groups. The control group (group 1) was treated traditionally. Oral intake was initiated only after documentation of bowel function, which was defined by two of the following three criteria: (1) bowel sounds; (2) flatus or bowel movement; and (3) subjective hunger. Those assigned to the study group (group 2) were given a clear liquid diet on postoperative day 1. Once 500 cc was tolerated, a regular diet was given. Patients were evaluated on a daily basis for bowel sounds, flatus, bowel movement, hunger, nausea, vomiting, and need for nasogastric tube decompression. The groups were compared with regard to length of hospital stay, length of postoperative ileus, and incidence of adverse effects including nausea, vomiting, and postoperative complications. Statistical analyses were performed with the Student t and chi 2 tests. RESULTS: The demographic characteristics of the control (N = 47) and study groups (N = 49) were similar, with no significant differences in underlying medical conditions, prior abdominal surgery, or diagnosis of a malignancy. The groups did not vary statistically in the number of subjects who required postoperative antiemetics or postoperative biscodyl suppository. There was a statistically significant reduction in the length of hospitalization for those patients on the early feeding regimen. The average length of stay for group 1 was 4.02 days +/- 0.30 (SEM), while that for group 2 was 3.12 days +/- 0.16 (P = 0.008). While there was a significantly higher incidence of emesis in the study population, this was not associated with any untoward outcome, and this group actually tolerated a solid diet nearly one full day earlier (2.72 days +/- 0.14 vs 1.88 days +/- 0.14, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Early postoperative oral intake results in a decreased length of hospitalization and is well tolerated when compared with traditional dietary management in patients undergoing abdominal surgery on a university gynecologic oncology service.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed1995

Hemorrhagic shock abolishes the myelopoietic response to turpentine-induced soft tissue injury.

Hemorrhagic shock has been shown to alter bone marrow (BM) myelopoiesis. Isolated hemorrhagic shock is uncommon after trauma and the combined effect of tissue injury and shock on myelopoiesis is unknown. We studied the growth of BM granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units (CFU-GM) following shock and soft tissue injury. Rats were anesthetized and allocated into one of four groups: CONTROL, sham neck dissection; SHOCK, rats were bled to a mean BP of 45 mmHG for 45 min and resuscitated with shed blood and saline; TURP, soft tissue injury was induced by turpentine 0.5 ml/100 g SQ into the hindquarter; SHOCK + TURP, rats received TURP just before SHOCK as described above. Groups (n = 6) were sacrificed 1, 3, and 5 days after treatment. BM cells plated for CFU-GM and splenic macrophages were cultured for IL-1 production. Unstimulated splenic macrophage production of IL-1 alpha was not different for any group except Day 5 turpentine animals. TURP induced a significant increase in CFU-GM on Day 1 compared to that in control (47 +/- 22 vs 21 +/- 11; P < 0.05). SHOCK completely abolished this response to TURP. Both the SHOCK and TURP alone increased CFU-GM on Day 5 compared to that in CONTROL but there was no additive effect in the SHOCK + TURP group. These data show that the BM response to combined soft tissue injury and shock (TURP + SHOCK) appears similar to that of SHOCK alone and that hemorrhagic shock appears to be a significant immunosuppressive factor in the regulation of myelopoiesis following injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Brain macrophages in human cortical contusions as indicator of survival period.

The aim of this study was to establish a morphologic time scheme with which cases of cerebral contusion with unknown survival periods can be dated. Our study of 275 cases was limited to qualitative and quantitative changes in macrophages. The appearance of macrophages and their distribution as well as their content of neutral fat, esterified cholesterol, erythrocytes, siderin, hematoidin, and ceroid were correlated with the survival period. For each cytologic criterium, the observation period, distribution-free limits of tolerance, and relative frequency of identification in different survival periods were determined, and the limits of confidence calculated. The findings permit the dating of trauma in cases with unknown survival periods. Moreover, the probability of this dating was calculated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Reye's syndrome with pancreatitis and hypoxic brain damage].

Reye syndrome was observed in a 5 1/2-year-old girl after an appendectomy. It was accompanied by insulin-resistant hyperglycaemia. Central adaptation failure resulted in death on the fourth day of treatment. Post mortem and histological results showed phlegmonous pancreatitis of the excretory type, apart from the established manifestations of Reye syndrome (severe cerebral oedema, excessive hepatic steatosis, moderate fatty degeneration of renal tubuli). Neuropathology revealed exclusively signs of hypoxic damage. Pancreatitis, usually necrotising or haemorrhagic, is not infrequent in Reye's syndrome. Girls are predominantly affected and pancreatitis is associated with a tendency towards sometimes serious hyperglycaemia. The possibility of this complication should be considered in the treatment of Reye syndrome.

Brain Edema↗
PubMed1980

[Mnemic disturbances following experimental alcohol-tranquilizer application (author's transl)].

Mnemic disturbances occurred in 8 of 14 subjects during a pharmcopsychological investigation of possible interactions between alcohol and dipotassium chlorazepate (Tranxilium). The blood alcohol concentrations were between 0.87% and 1.32%; the serum concentrations of the active metabolite nordiazepam were in the therapeutic range between 145 ng/ml and 345 ng/ml. The constitutional, dispositional, and situative conditions are presented. The forensic medical interpretation of such mnemic disturbances must be made critically and with reservation when evaluating a psychopathological state.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Pharmacopsychological investigation of changes in mood induced by dipotassium chlorazepate with and without simultaneous alcohol administration.

The effects on subjective well-being of a single oral dose of 20 mg dipotassium chlorazepate (DPC) with and without concurrent alcohol administration (1 g/kg) were tested on 14 male students. A reciprocal effect on the pharmacokinetics was not detected. The personal feeling scale and the semantic differential revealed an emotional damping 90 minutes after oral administration of DPC in the evening test. Under concurrent alcohol administration the alcohol-typical euphoric effect was increased by DPC and the dysphoric symptoms were reduced the following morning.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Pharmacopsychological investigations concerning the combined effects of dipotassium clorazepate and ethanol.

The effect of a single dosage of 20 mg dipotassium clorazepate (DPC) on reaction times, with and without administration of ethanol (1 g/kg body weight), was studied in 14 male subjects. When administered in the evening, the sort-term effect of DPC consisted of slightly increased optic reaction times and decreased endurance and concentration. With simultaneous administration of ethanol, all types of performance studied were significantly impaired; impairment was more pronounced than with the ethanol tests. On the following morning at the second retest, performance levels almost completely returned to those at the onset of testing. This restitution, however, was not as pronounced with subjects who had only received DPC.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

On the influence of Mobiletten on the effect of alcohol in the human. Second communication: influence on the efficiency under alcohol stress.

The influence of alcohol in combination with the preparation Mobiletten on the psycho-physical efficiency was studied in 15 probands by way of various test methods. Under alcohol and, at the same time, Mobiletten influence, the probands showed significantly less efficiency loss in regard to single test parameters than under alcohol without intake of the substance to be tested. The changes were noted in a comparison of the test results obtained at respective points of time as well as those obtained when the blood ethanol concentrations were practically identical. As a cause for these changes, above all the reduced increase rate of blood ethanol levels already described earlier (see 1st communication) was discussed. Any specific sobering effect of the preparation, however, could not be demonstrated.

Dietary Proteins↗
PubMed1977

Influence of Mobiletten on the effect of alcohol drinking in man. First communication: Influence on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol.

The interaction of the drug Mobiletten with the pharmacokinetics of ethanol was studied in 15 probands. In these experiments, the maximal ethanol concentrations in blood were found to be significantly decreased and delayed. The ethanol elimination remained unchanged. The uptake of Mobiletten resulted in a remarkable decrease of the urine volume. The quantitative determination of the ethanol content in the expired air by alcotest technique was not significantly affected.

Adult↗