[Mastication efficiency in denture wearers].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
G Ricard
Publications and source records attributed to G Ricard.
[Mastication and the electromyographic silent period in denture wearers].
The purpose of this study is to compare the masticatory efficiency and the physiological activity of masticatory muscles among patients with removable partial dentures (R.P.D.) and patients with natural dentition. The masticatory efficiency is assessed from the duration of chewing sequences for various foods, from the first masticatory cycle to the swallowing. The physiological activity is tested by the duration of the inhibition reflex called the "silent period" (S.P.) obtained upon each muscle examined: 29 subjects are examined, 24 of them had a R.P.D.; they were divided into four groups according to the extent of their edentation; 5 control subjects have full natural dentition. The study is performed using global electromyography of the two masseter muscles and the two anterior temporal muscles. The mastication of the control subjects appears to have a regular alternance of working potential and periods of rest. The duration of the chewing sequences is determined by the nature of the food, brief for soft food, long for hard food. The mastication of patients with R.P.D. appears more irregular with a lengthening of active phases. The duration of chewing sequences is significantly longer for the control subjects. The duration of the S.P. is 19-21 milliseconds for the masseter muscles of the patients with dentures and the control patients, and 20-22 milliseconds for the temporal muscles for the same individuals. The differences of the S.P. durations between control subjects and patients with R.P.D. is never significant.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Augmentation cystoplasty in rats: development of an animal model.
An animal model of the Long-Evans species of rats was developed to study the short-term and long-term effects of enterocystoplasty. Various enterocystoplasties were performed in 39 rats, including ileal in 29, colonic in 5 and gastric in 5. The followup period was 3 months. Frequency and pattern of voiding, 24-hour urinary collection for mucus production, and blood and urinary electrolytes were analyzed. All voiding parameters, renal function and biochemical studies remained normal. Mucus production was higher in the gastrocystoplasty and colocystoplasty than in ileocystoplasty cases. Postmortem histopathological examination of the enteropatch was performed, which showed urothelialization of the graft with native transitional epithelium extending over the junctional margin of the graft and covering the enteropatch mucosa. The enteropatch muscle orientation was maintained in all 3 types of grafts. We believe that the Long-Evans species of rats is a good model for the study of enterocystoplasty.
Animals↗
Back stabilization during knee strengthening exercise.
Twenty normal women were tested for maximal isometric contraction of the right knee extensor muscles. The knee was positioned in 60 degrees of extension and the hip at 120 degrees of extension, with and without a backrest. The purpose of the study was to determine whether the use of a backrest resulted in greater force than when not using a backrest when the angle of back inclination was held constant and the support was varied. The results indicated that the addition of a backrest, when the body assumes an optimal position, enables the knee extensors to generate greater force then when no backrest is used. A backrest adds to the comfort and support of the subject performing resistive knee exercise and should be incorporated into the design of knee exercise units.
Adult↗