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Biomedical subjects

G Rieger

Publications and source records attributed to G Rieger.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Improvement of contrast sensitivity with yellow filter glasses.

Yellow filter glasses, often sold as "antifog" or "safety" glasses at department stores and other retail outlets, are claimed to improve contrast sensitivity and the yield of visually perceived objects, particularly under poor conditions (e.g., fog, rain and twilight), by enhancing contrast. These claims were tested in 15 healthy subjects (30 eyes) aged 26 to 58 (mean 42.5) years with the Vision Contrast Test System (VCTS 6500), first with and then without yellow filter glasses. Testing was done with commercial antifog glasses and frame-mounted, hand-held filter glasses of CR (Columbia resin) 39 quality with a yellow tint made by an optician. Contrast sensitivity was found to be significantly improved with yellow filter glasses (p less than 0.0001). The use of yellow filter glasses may safely be recommended to patients who report subjective improvement in contrast vision with such glasses.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Influence of iodide on cataractogenesis in Emory mice.

Cataract development was studied in two groups of Emory mice by periodical biomicroscopic examinations (beginning at 5 weeks of age) and by a final evaluation of water-soluble SH groups in the lenses. The experimental group was given 256 micrograms iodide/kg body weight with the drinking water throughout the study. The untreated control group received tap water. Iodide treatment induced a delay of cataract formation, resulting in a significant reduction of the time to progress from cataract degree 1 to degree 2 (iodide-treated group 12.8 +/- 1.7 weeks, untreated group 9.9 +/- 1.0 weeks; p less than 0.025). A still significant difference in the degree of cataract was also found between the two groups at week 47 of age. No difference was found in the content of water-soluble SH groups. The results are discussed in relation to the known antioxidant and .OH-scavenging effect of iodide and to the oxidative changes in the lens occurring during progression of cataract development.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Lipid-containing eye drops: a step closer to natural tears.

Disturbances of the lipid composition can, like mucin or fluid deficiency, cause 'dry eye'. The substitution of the lipids of the tear fluid has previously been unsatisfactory since eye ointments containing fats can lead to a considerable deterioration of the visual acuity due to the film of ointment resulting from an irregular spreading behavior. We proposed the introduction of physiological lipids that are normally present in tear fluid, such as phospholipids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and triglycerides, to provide lipid-containing eye drops. These best correspond to 'natural tears' and, due to the small size of the lipid particles, avoid a disturbance of the spreading behavior of the lipid layer. With lipid-containing eye drops of this kind, we carried out the following examinations: inquiry of patients' symptoms based on a standardized interview; Schirmer test under local anesthesia; break-up time (BUT); biomicroscopic evaluation of the lipid film, and stability tests as pH, gas chromatographic analysis of the fatty acid pattern and thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the lipid pattern. Schirmer test, BUT measurement and questioning about symptoms were undertaken after 1 week and then again after 3 weeks of treatment. All three parameters finally showed an improvement with a high statistical significance (p less than 0.001). The stability tests have shown that pH, lipid particle size, fatty acid and lipid composition of the examined lipid-containing eye drops were nearly unchanged till 4 months after preparation.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

[The peroxidase content of human tears].

The peroxidase-(POD)-thiocyanate-hydrogenperoxide-system is a well-known antibacterial system, which has been demonstrated to exist, for example, in milk and saliva. Earlier investigations by van Haeringen et al. established a POD level in human tears of 10(3) units/l, yet the thiocyanate concentration was only about 0.2 mmol/l. Therefore van Haeringen et al. excluded the existence of a POD-thiocyanate-hydrogenperoxide antibacterial system in human tears because of the insufficient amount of thiocyanate in the tears examined. Instead of thiocyanate halides such as J- can also complete the POD hydrogen peroxide system as electron donors. Sufficient amounts of iodide can be expected after the application of iodine-containing eye drops or after local treatment with iodine-containing brine, as done in Bad Hall in Austria. Therefore, the above mentioned antibacterial system may be of importance if the POD-level is high enough (greater than 250 units/l). We investigated 22 tear samples from healthy persons: the POD levels were below 20 units/l in 19 cases; in 3 cases the POD concentration was found to be between 20 and 50 units/l. Therefore, in normal human tear fluid, not only the amount of thiocyanate but also the concentration of POD is too low for effective antimicrobial activity of the peroxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogenperoxide system. It is so far not known whether this system is effective under pathological conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The effect of combined iodine treatment in Bad Hall on the color perception of patients].

After taking a cure with iodine treatments in Bad Hall (Upper Austria), patients with eye diseases repeatedly report improvements in their color vision. They state that colors are once again "more saturated, richer, and more distinct." These statements were checked using the Farnsworth Panel D-15 dicotomous test and the Lanthony desaturated 15 Hue test. The analysis of the results showed that there is indeed a statistically significant improvement in color vision after the cure. The spontaneous observations of the patients were therefore confirmed by the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of N-ethyl-N-(4-pyridylmethyl)tropamide (Mydriaticum Roche) on the results of the Schirmer test].

Deficient lacrimal secretion as a consequence of systemic drug therapy has been reported after the use of phenothiazines, antihistaminics, psychotropic drugs, anesthetics, diuretics, beta-blocking agents, ganglion blockers etc. But topical application of beta-blocking eye drops may also decrease tear production. The study reported here proves that tear production is also decreased if one drop of "Mydriaticum Roche" eye drops is applied. This effect was observed especially in patients who had "normal basic tear production" prior to treatment; however, "Mydriaticum Roche" did not cause a further decrease in tear production during Schirmer's test when the basic tear secretion level was already very low. Therefore, in order to avoid "false positive" results Schirmer's test should always be performed before instillation of atropine-active eye drops such as "Mydriaticum Roche".

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Collagen metabolism during the healing process of the cauterized rat cornea. An experimental study.

Attempts were made (1) to develop an appropriate method for producing standardizable and reproducible experimental opacities of the cornea of rats and (2) to study quantitatively the course and intensity of the healing process of these corneal wounds. The right cornea of rats was cauterized by drops of 1.5 N HC1 over 30 s; the left one served as a control. The spontaneous course of wound healing, as well as the possible effect on this process of spray treatment with iodine brine or, for comparative purposes, with isotonic NaCl, was studied for 10 consecutive days by measuring the 24-h incorporation of 14C-labelled proline as a measure of de novo collagen synthesis. Spray treatment (1) abolishes the transient inhibition of proline incorporation observed in the unsprayed cornea on the first day after injury and (2) significantly advances the maximum collagen synthesis rate from day 3-4 to day 2 after the wound occurred. The position and magnitude of the 14C-proline incorporation peak are considered to be useful parameters for estimating corneal wound healing activity and its alteration by various agents. However, in this experimental design, it could not be proved that iodine has a specific effect.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

[Problems of standardization of the lysozyme content of tear fluid].

The relatively high variation of the lysozyme content in tear fluid, observed during investigations to determine standard values, led the authors to assume that diluting effects occur during tear sampling. Compensation of these presumed effects by means of an anorganic cation results in a significant decrease in variation. However, homogeneity of the data, necessary for calculating standard values, is still not achieved.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Isolated localized conjunctival amyloidosis (author's transl)].

A 50-year-old woman presented with a tumorlike growth of the tarsal conjunctiva of the left upper lid. The historical examination revealed an amyloid tumor. It was possible to remove most of the tumor surgically. The resection was followed by almost complete regression of the remnants.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1981

Radial retroiridal linear pigmentation.

Radial retroiridal pigmented lines found on the peripheral anterior capsule of the lens have been interpreted since their description by Vogt as remnants of the tunica vasculosa retroiridalis (membrana capsulopupillaris). They were found in nearly 5% of adults. A control examination of 1108 children and juveniles failed to reveal a single example. They are therefore thought to be caused by pigment released from the posterior layers of the iris, particularly near the pupillary border in old age, as a result of constant abrasive movements of the iris on the anterior surface of the lens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Spontaneous regression of senile cataract (author's transl)].

Spontaneous regression of senile cataract, an extremely rare occurrence, is illustrated with reference to findings in a woman patient born in 1892. The lens capsule was intact; an irritation which had gone unnoticed by the patient had led to posterior synechia of the iris and to the formation of a precapsular membrane in the lower pupillary region. At the time of examination intraocular pressure was in the upper normal range (20 mmHg). Following treatment of the " "aphakia" with appropriate cataract lenses the patient attained a remarkable 0.6% vision and Jaeger 3.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Occurrence of congenital ocular toxoplasmosis in siblings].

The author points out in connection with the description of two families in which evidently several children suffered damage through toxoplasmosis with which the mother had been infected a long time ago (pseudocoloboma of the macula, changes of the macula similar to juvenile degreneration, abortion and malformations such as anophthalmia, rhinoschisis, cheiloschisis, gnathoschisis and palatoschisis), that low titer levels in the Sabin-Feldmann test and in the complement fixation test are by no means totally insignificant for subsequent pregnancies, as is commonly assumed. In any case, women who have already given birth to children with congenital toxoplasmosis should be subjected to toxoplasmosis treatment, as far as possible, before any new pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Improvement of visual acuity of intensely myopic patients during their eye-cure stay at Bad Hall (author's transl)].

Intensely myopic patients in the Eye Department of the Paracelsus-Institute in Bad Hall (Upper Austria) were subjected to visual acuity tests whereby the conditions of examination were held constant (optotype-projector, panoramic visual range, exactly defined break-off criteria). Results showed that 33% of the patients, who had completed combined iodine treatments and ophthalmo-iontophoresis, showed an improvement in visual acuity of 3 or more optotypes, corresponding to an average increase thereof of 0,13 from the initial visual power. Side effects of intense myopia (dilatation tension and degenerative changes at the posterior eye pole) should thus be regarded as an indication of the successful application of the combined balneotherapy, mineral water treatment and eye-cure in Bad Hall.

Aged↗