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Biomedical subjects

G Robuschi

Publications and source records attributed to G Robuschi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effect of metoclopramide on maternal and fetal hyperprolactinemia.

To investigate the effect of metoclopramide (MET), a dopaminergic antagonist drug, on serum PRL concentration in maternal and cord blood (CB) serum, the drug was injected in 94 at term pregnant women whereas 28 mothers received saline. Maternal serum (MS) samples were obtained before MET injection and at the parturition time. According to the interval of time between MET administration and birth, MS specimens were grouped in 7 groups. CB was obtained from neonates whose mothers were injected with saline, group 0 and from newborns whose mothers were treated with MET, groups 1 to 7. In the 7 groups of women the mean PRL concentration before MET ranged between 307 and 439 ng/ml. After MET injection a significant increase has been observed in all groups with a minimum and maximal mean value of 639 and 931 ng/ml. The highest net increment of PRL has been measured in group 1 sampled at 5 to 30 minutes after MET. CB PRL concentration in group 0, saline treated, was not different from the values measured in group 1 to 7, treated groups, with a range between 504 and 703 ng/ml. These findings suggest that maternal lactotropes are still responsive to MET. On the opposite, fetal pituitary does not release PRL after MET injection probably because PRL secretory activity is maximal or because the dopaminergic receptors' system is still immature.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Failure of metoclopramide to affect thyrotropin concentration in the term human fetus.

Metoclopramide (MET), a potent dopamine receptor-blocking drug, or saline was administered to 125 term pregnant women at various time intervals (5-412 min) before delivery. Maternal serum was obtained before and after MET injection. Cord blood was obtained at delivery in MET-treated and saline-treated (control group) women. No significant changes in serum TSH, T4, T3, or rT3 concentrations were observed in maternal or cord blood after MET administration. These results suggest that, in contrast to euthyroid nonpregnant women and men, MET administration does not induce a rise in serum TSH concentration in term pregnant women or in the term fetus. Thus, the dopaminergic inhibitory effect on anterior pituitary TSH secretion may not be an important factor in TSH regulation during pregnancy or in the fetus, or the dose of MET employed may be unable to overcome the dopamine inhibitory effect.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Response of growth hormone to thyrotropin-releasing hormone during fetal life.

The effect of TRH administration to the term pregnant women on the GH response in cord blood (CB) was evaluated in 138 subjects. Previous studies have demonstrated that TRH readily crosses the placenta. TRH (400 microgram) was administered iv to 59 pregnant women just before delivery. CB samples were obtained at delivery and assigned to 6 groups, depending upon the duration of time between TRH injection and CB sampling. The control group comprised 79 pregnant women who received saline. A progressive rise and then a fall in the CB GH concentration were observed after TRH administration. Values were significantly elevated 61-90 min after TRH administration compared to values in saline-treated subjects (19.3 +/- 3.1 vs. 13.1 +/- 0.9 ng/ml; P less than 0.05). The present study is the first report of the effect of TRH on the GH concentration in CB and suggests that TRH stimulates GH release in the fetus.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1981

Human cord blood concentrations of thyrotropin, thyroglobulin, and iodothyronines after maternal administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

TRH or saline was administered to 214 term pregnant women at various time intervals (8-820 min) before delivery. Cord blood (CB) was obtained, and plasma TSH, T4, T3, rT3, and thyroglobulin concentrations were measured by specific RIA. CB TSH was significantly elevated within 20 min after TRH administration and remained elevated for 180 min. CB T3 rose significantly by 60 min and remained elevated for 820 min. CB T4 was significantly increased from 120 to 820 min after TRH administration. There was no significant change in the CB thyroglobulin concentration. These findings demonstrate for the first time that TRH crosses the human placenta, that the fetal pituitary is responsive to TRH, and that endogenous TSH stimulates the fetal thyroid.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of iodine administration on thyroid function in diabetic patients.

Iodide-induced hypothyroidism has been observed in subjects treated with compounds with mild antithyroid activity. The hypoglycemic agent tolbutamide belongs to the aminoheterocyclic group, a class of compounds with antithyroid effect. Thus it was thought interesting to study the effect of large doses of iodide on thyroid function in diabetics chronically treated with tolbutamide. Basal thyroid function as assessed by clinical examination and iodothyronine and TSH concentrations was normal in all patients. Furthermore, in diabetics treated with tolbutamide, hormone concentrations were not different from those of patients treated with insulin or diet. Serum T4, T3 and TSH did not show any significant variation throughout the investigation period. Our results suggest that thyroid function is not affected by chronic treatment with tolbutamide even when large doses of iodide are administered.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum concentrations of myoglobin, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and cardiac isoenzymes in euthyroid, hypothyroid and hyperthyroid subjects.

Serum concentrations of myoglobin, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were measured in 33 euthyroid, 21 hyperthyroid and 15 hypothyroid subjects. The results showed that myoglobin, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were increased and decreased in the hypo- and hyperthyroid states, respectively. In addition, the concentrations of myoglobin, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase values were inversely related to both the thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations. To study the origin of the increased muscle protein values observed in hypothyroidism, the cardiac isoenzyme fractions were measured; the results obtained support the view that the muscle enzymes are mainly derived from skeletal muscles.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Iodothyronine and thyrotropin concentrations after iodoamide administration for angiographic studies.

In order to study the effect of iodoamide (a contrast medium widely used for urographic and arteriographic studies) on thyroid function, seventeen subjects were studied before and after arteriographic examinations employing this contrast compound. Serum concentrations of T4, T3, rT3 and TSH were not modified during the observation period by the administration of iodoamide. This finding is in contrast with the observation that iopanoic acid and ipodate, used for cholecystographic examinations, can reduce the serum concentrations of T4 and T3 with a concomitant increase in rT3. Therefore, iodoamide is not useful in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

3,3',5'-Triiodothyronine concentrations in amniotic fluid at different stages of pregnancy.

Since it is feasible to detect reverse T3 (rT3) in amniotic fluid, we investigated the possibility as to whether measurements of amniotic rT3 could be useful in diagnosing fetal hypothyroidism during pregnancy. In 55 amniotic fluid samples, obtained at different stages of pregnancy, we have documented increasing concentrations of this hormone. The results obtained are conflicting with previous reports. The reason for this discrepancy is not clear, however methodological differences in rT3 determination should be taken in account. The large scatter of rT3 values in amniotic fluid suggests that the diagnosis of neonatal hypothyroidism based on measurement of rT3 may require caution.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of somatostatin in a case of severe hypoglycemia due to nesidioblastosis.

The Authors have studied the effects of somatostatin (SRIF) treatment in an infant affected by hypoglycemia due to nesidioblastosis. During iv infusion with SRIF we observed a marked increase of blood glucose levels; concomitantly insulin secretion was almost completely suppressed. In contrast, during treatment with protamine zinc-somatostatin (PZ-SRIF), a long acting SRIF preparation, the blood glucose levels did not rise and insulin concentrations were inappropriately elevated. Therefore in this case the long term treatment of hypoglycemia due to nesidioblastosis with PZ-somatostatin was unfeasible.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The value of serum thyroglobulin measurement as a marker of cancer recurrence in the follow-up of patients previously treated for differentiated thyroid tumor.

In order to verify the value of serum thyrogolbulin (hTg) determination to detect cancer recurrence, 104 patients previously treated with surgical and 131I total thyroid ablation of differentiated thyroid cancer were studied. Comparison of serum hTg results and 131I total body scans (131I TBS) was attempted. In 87 patients with negative 131 I TBS, serum hTg was undetectable in 80% of the patients whereas in 20% detectable amounts of hTg were measured. In 57 patients with positive 131I TBS, serum hTg was measurable in 72% of the patients whereas in 20% was undetectable. These contrasting results of serum hTg measurement and 131I TBS suggest to us the usefulness to use both tests in the detection of thyroid cancer recurrence.

Female↗