[Physiopathology of urination and classification of neurogenic bladders].
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Urinary Bladder↗
Biomedical subjects
G Ronzoni
Publications and source records attributed to G Ronzoni.
Continuous spinal anesthesia: dose requirements and characteristics of the block.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A fine-bore 28G CoSpan spinal catheter was used to provide continuous spinal anesthesia for major upper and lower abdominal, peripheral vascular, and orthopedic surgery in 90 patients, aged 31-91 years. METHODS: Initial doses (0.5-2.0 mL) of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% were given and followed, if needed, by additional doses of 0.5-1.0 mL to achieve a satisfactory blockade for the proposed type of surgery. The incidence of hypotension, ambulatory postdural puncture headache, and technical problems encountered with insertion of the spinal catheters were recorded. RESULTS: The technique of continuous spinal anesthesia was successful and easy to learn. Satisfactory sensory and motor blockade was achieved within 12-18 minutes, and surprisingly small amounts were needed in those patients undergoing limb surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Mild postdural puncture headache occurred in four patients, but none of the patients required blood patch. One catheter broke during removal; since then, it has been our policy to remove a catheter with the patient in a flexed position.
Abdomen↗