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Biomedical subjects

G Rotondo

Publications and source records attributed to G Rotondo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Growth and differentiation of myogenic clones from adult human muscle cell cultures.

Clonal cultures only recently have been applied to normal and pathological human muscle, but detailed clonal analysis and differentiative properties of individual long term muscle subclones derived from adult normal human muscle cell (HMC) cultures have not been reported. In this study we compared the growth potential by plating efficiency (PE), muscle colony differentiation (MC) and growth cuvers and the differentiative properties by fusion index, dystrophin localization, creatine kinase (CK) total activity and isozyme electrophoresis in HMC cultures derived myogenic subclones. These properties were tested in two experimental culture systems (200 cells/dish versus single cell/well) and with two tissue culture media (standard medium--MM--versus conditioned medium--CM). We found a significant high PE and MC in clonal cells established with single cell/well and grown in conditioned medium. In derived subclones we observed two classes of myogenic cells: one characterized by exponential growth kinetic, branched myotubes with high fusion index and predominantly sarcolemmal distribution of dystrophin and MM band at CK electrophoresis; the other with flat growth curve, low fusion index and low CK total activity. These findings demonstrate the variability of the expression of myogenic potentials in cells cloned from adult normal HMC cultures and represent an important tool for comparing the various cell types present in normal and diseased human muscle and for transplantation of normal myoblasts in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

New perspectives in the treatment of hypoxic and ischemic brain damage: effect of gangliosides.

Aircrews operating at high G forces and altitudes may be exposed to both physiological and physical stresses capable of inducing brain hypoxia. A potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of flight personnel, monosialoganglioside (GM1) has been found to reduce deficits and enhance repair following CNS injury. A survey of experimental evidence concerning the effects of GM1 in the acute phase of CNS injury supports its proposed application for aerospace medicine.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Motion sickness in the aerospace environment].

After a brief description of the newest and special form of motion sickness known as "space sickness" arising in space flight, and the various hypotheses on its aetiopathogenesis, motion sickness in general and the air or plane sickness deriving from atmospheric flying are discussed. The aetiopathogenesis of air sickness derives from abnormal stimulations that are primarily vestibular but also visual and somesthesic, and generated by irregular movements or variations in attitude of the plane. Reflex action than produces effects that are primarily neurovegetative (nausea, vomiting, pallor, scialorrhea, sweating, bradycardia) and neuropsychological (depression, drowsiness, headache, discomfort and general debility with altered cenesthesia). After a description of the symptoms, the prevention and treatment of air sickness are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Evolution and current uses of telematics in medicine. Future prospectives of telemedicine].

The medical use of data transmission has become a basic element in the application of telecommunications to medical practice. Hence the development of medical telematics i.e. the application of socalled "telematics" derived from the combined use of information science and telecommunications in medicine. In historical terms the foundations for medical telematics were laid in Italy in 1935 with the creation of the International Radiomedical Centre in Rome and more recently with the direct and indirect application of telematics to the flight and medical staff of the Air Rescue Service planes as well as the use--in space medicine--of special sensors computer-recorders, telecameras, etc., for the collection and long-distance transmission of data on the behaviour of men and animals during long space missions over the past 20 years. Other recent techniques enabling the long-distance transmission of data required for the long-distance treatment of the sick are also reviewed with the emphasis on cardiology, neurology, radiology, radiodiagnosis, nuclear medicine, oncology, nephrology, ophthalmology, haematology, laboratory diagnosis, etc. There are many other objectives of supreme human and social value that efficiently organised medical telematics can attain to solve the many difficult problems involved in the gradual development of a truly effective health service for all.

Computers↗
PubMed1978

Workload and operational fatigue in helicopter pilots.

In light of the modern aetiopathogenic views, a brief review was made concerning possible causes of operational fatigue to which flying personnel in general are exposed in the exercise of flying activity. The author then describes and analyzes the meaning and importance of the various stressing factors that constitute the physical and psychic workload to which the helicopter pilot is subjected in performing his professional activities. Also analyzed are the influences exercised, both separately and jointly, on the genesis of flight fatigue in helicopter pilots by stressing and fatiguing effects of vibrations, noise, and psycho-emotional and psycho-sensorial factors related to the variety and danger of utilization of this modern aircraft. Such an analytical investigation enables the author to conclude that one must admit that helicopter piloting involves a psycho-physical workload certainly no less than that required by more powerful and faster aircraft.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1975

Spinal injury after ejection in jet pilots: mechanism, diagnosis, followup, and prevention.

In order to contribute to the study of spinal injury after ejection., the author analyzed the results of 100 cases of ejections carried out by military and civil Italian jet pilots in a period of 20 years. Of this group, 47 successfully ejected from aircraft without injury; 11 ejections proved fatal. The remaining 42 pilots sutained vertebral fractures, while 27 sustained other traumatic injuries different from spinal fractures. There were 23 vertebral fractures in 15 pilots and the most frequently affected vertebrae were those of the thoraco-lumbar junction. Analysis was make of the pathology, the clinical and radiological profiles, the therapeutic treatment, and the relative aeromedico-legal aspects concerning the temporary unfitness for flying or permanent grounding of the personnel as well as the possible prevention of spinal injury after ejection

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Equitable indemnity].

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Disability Evaluation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Expression of a defect in the respiratory chain in cultured human cells].

Large scale deletions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or altered inter-genomic regulation in skeletal muscle have been demonstrated in patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathies due to Cytochrome C oxidase (COx) deficiency. We have analyzed by Southern blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) the mtDNA in primary muscle cultures (myoblast-myotube stages and at clonal densities) and in fibrogenic subclones obtained from 9 patients with partial COx deficiency who had in their muscle biopsy a subpopulation of mtDNA showing deletions of variable size (between 2.1 and 6.5 Kb). Only in the cultures from one patient, southern analysis revealed in myoblasts and myotubes a mtDNA almost identical to that found in the original muscle biopsy and persistence of deletion in muscle cells grown at clonal densities. The deletion was detectable in fibrogenic lineage only by PCR amplification. The deleted mtDNA molecules were detectable in myogenic or fibrogenic cultures from other patients only by PCR amplification. The different amounts of deleted mtDNA in the various tissues could be due either to an unequal distribution of the altered mtDNA during embryogenesis with amplification of deleted molecules in myogenic lineage or could result from negative selection against the altered mtDNA in rapidly proliferating cells, such as fibroblasts.

Blotting, Southern↗