Biomedical subjects

G Roualdès

Publications and source records attributed to G Roualdès.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1987

[Deglutition disorders caused by an injury to the foramen lacerum posterior].

Dysphagia due to a traumatic lesion of the foramen lacerum posterior is relatively rare. Two cases are described in which swallowing troubles were perceived when the post-traumatic coma improved; these were ascribed to a traumatic lesion of the foramen lacerum posterior injuring the cranial nerves. Treatment involves preventing inhalation and nasogastric feeding whilst starting active and early rehabilitation of swallowing. Recovery is possible in most cases without surgery.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

[Hypotension induced by isoflurane for the treatment of intracranial aneurysm in late pregnancy].

A 31-year old primigravida was admitted at 31 week gestation for subarachnoid haemorrhage. Cerebral angiography revealed an aneurysm on the left middle cerebral artery. Eleven days later, the aneurysm was clipped off. General anaesthesia was induced with thiopentone, pancuronium and fentanyl, and maintained with fentanyl (40 micrograms.kg-1) and isoflurane in air/O2 with a non-rebreathing circuit. The patient was mechanically ventilated to maintain mild hypocapnia. Arterial hypotension was induced by increasing the inspired isoflurane concentration from 1 to 3 vol%. The response was immediate and a mean arterial pressure of 60 mmHg was maintained for 80 min with an inspired isoflurane concentration of 2.5 vol%. Foetal heart rate was monitored before, during and after general anaesthesia. Loss of beat to beat variation was observed after induction, and foetal heart rate slowly decreased from 150 to 115 b.min-1 at the end of the operation. Postoperative state was good, except for transitory aphasia. At 35 week gestation, the patient went into premature labour, with hypothermia of 39.5 degrees C; an emergency caesarean section was performed. The 2,340 g female infant had a 10 min Apgar score of 8. One month later, clinical examination of the mother and daughter was quite normal. The precautions and anaesthetic management of patients suffering from ruptured cerebral aneurysm during the end of pregnancy are reviewed. Hypotensive agents are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Low-concentration enflurane:study of anesthetic stability and quality of recovery].

The stability of anaesthesia and the quality of recovery obtained with low doses of enflurane were studied. Two groups of 20 patients operated for lumbar slipped disc were compared. The mean age and weight distribution of the two groups were not statistically different. Induction was the same in the two groups (diazepam, fentanyl, pancuronium and nitrous oxide). In one group, enflurane (0.4%) was added with controlled ventilation. Thiopentone was added if some spontaneous movements were observed, if arterial pressure and heart rate increased, and if the digital plethysmograph curve decreased. The quality of recovery was assessed by number-connection tests 1 and 2 h after the end of anaesthesia. Thiopentone was required five times in the group without enflurane, whilst it was never used in the group with enflurane. This difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01) and showed a more important stability of anaesthesia when enflurane (0.4%) was used. No statistically significant difference was found in the recovery scores between the two groups 1 and 2 h after the end of anaesthesia. It was proposed that low doses of enflurane were sufficient to increase the effects of the other anaesthetic drugs without any residual effect on recovery. Low doses of enflurane could be used during anaesthesia induced with fentanyl and diazepam, giving better stability during anaesthesia without any pernicious effects on recovery.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

[Sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate. Effects on visual flash-evoked potentials].

Na gamma hydroxybutyrate being recognized as a mean of brain protection, the effect of Na gamma hydroxybutyrate on visual evoked potentials is studied in ten neurosurgical patients. Recordings are made in the same intensive care unit and with the same equipment. Latencies of the three principal peaks (III, IV, V) are analysed. No gamma hydroxybutyrate, given intravenously (60 mg . kg-1), significantly increased latencies (p less than 0,001). So, it must take into account of this effect when visual evoked potentials are studied in Na gamma hydroxybutyrate treated-patients. However, visual evoked potentials peaks are only delayed by Na gamma hydroxybutyrate and none of the studied peaks is abolished.

Brain Diseases↗