A new concept of haematopoietic stem cell differentiation in the young mammalian organism.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
G Ruhenstroth-Bauer
Publications and source records attributed to G Ruhenstroth-Bauer.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein.
C-reactive protein (CRP) was isolated from pleura exudate of patients with metastasing cancer and added to plasma of healthy blood donors. Only the addition of excessive amounts of CRP (220 mg/ml) caused a notable increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate. An immunoelectrophoretic method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of CRP together with C 3 or other acute phase reactants is described.
Blood Sedimentation↗
Plasma protein profiling: the diagnostic evaluation of disorders in plasma protein composition by a new immunoelectrophoretic method.
A new electroimmunoprecipitation technique is presented by means of which a great variety of antigens e.g. plasma proteins can be simultaneously and quantitatively determined with a single-step electrophoretic separation. The essential features of the new technique are: (a) subdivision of the antibody gel into gel strips containing monospecific antibodies to individual plasma proteins. (b) sample application as a "sample gel" filling a trough over the width of the immunoplate. Quantitation is based on the fact that the distance an antigen can migrate within a gel containing a defined amount of specific antibody directed against the antigen is determined by the concentration of the appropriate antigen within the sample. The area where the antigen is finally completely consumed by immunoprecipitation and antibody present in excess is sharply delineated. The applicability of the method in simultaneous quantitative determination of 15 plasma proteins is demonstrated with plasma from healthy blood donors and patients with various diseases. The advantage of the new technique as compared to commonly used clinical acetate folia electrophoresis is the high degree of specificity for the determination of a great number of individual, diagnostically meaningful plasma proteins. The advantage over common quantitative two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis is its uncomplicated way of evaluation. The potential clinical application of the new quantitative immunoelectrophoretic technique in diagnostic screening and differential diagnosis is discussed.
Blood Proteins↗
The significance of plasma lipoproteins on erythrocyte aggregation and sedimentation.
Increased erythrocyte aggregation can be induced by high concentrations of human lipoproteins. The dependence of aggregate formation on lipoprotein concentration was recorded by determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), by electrical measurement of the erythrocyte aggregation index (EAI) and by scanning electron microscopy. The lipoprotein concentrations necessary to induce a significantly increased ESR in an otherwise normal human plasma are much too high to be encountered in physiologic or even severe pathologic states. Therefore hyperlipoproteinaemia by itself cannot explain a raised ESR. In cases where the ESR is raised due to the presence of increased amounts of other erythrocyte aggregating plasma proteins (agglomerins), hyperlipoproteinaemia can contribute to a limited extent to the increase in ESR. The possible pathophysiological significance of the demonstrated erythrocyte aggregating capacity of human lipoproteins in a microvascular environment is noted.
Blood Sedimentation↗
The computer analysis of volume distribution curves. Demonstration of two erythrocyte populations of different size in the young guinea pig and analysis of the mechanism of immune lysis of cells by antibody and complement.
Guinea pig, rat and sheep erythrocytes were sized electrically using the hydrodynamic focusing technique. The experimental curves were approximated with a computer by linear and logarithmic normal distributions. Rat and guinea pig erythrocytes from adult animals were best approximated by one linear normal distribution. Two populations (I, II) of erythrocytes with different mean volume could be demonstrated in young guinea pigs by this analysis. Population I erythrocytes are small, have a lower electrophoretic mobility and are mainly present at birth. They are gradually replaced by the larger population II erythrocytes. Both types of erythrocytes are probably the result of separate differentiation pathways. The analysis of erythrocyte volume distribution curves during immune lysis by antibody and complement shows that intact and ghost erythrocytes are measured by electrical sizing. No volume changes were observed up to the EAC1-8 intermediate. After the addition of C9, a C9 dose-dependent part of the erythrocytes swell permanently to spheroids. The spheroid transformation is a temperature-dependent, all or nothing reaction which is independent of protein osmotic forces from the interior of the cell.
Animals↗
Phospholipase A2 activity in human gamma-globulin fraction.
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Complement C8↗
[The red blood cell aggregation in men with coronary risk factors].
1. The in vitro test for red blood cell aggregation has been improved, the coefficient of variation was decreased to 14.2%. 2. By the improved method the earlier findings were confirmed with high statistical significance that heavy smokers have a significantly higher red blood cell aggregation value in comparison with nonsmokers. 3. It could be shown that other coronary risk factors, especially hypercholesterolaemia, increase the aggregation value too. 4. The aggregation of red blood cells increases in the presence of several coronary risk factors in the same patient to higher values than expected from the addition of the aggregations caused by single risk factors.
Erythrocyte Aggregation↗
Critique of the "critical mass" hypothesis of the regeneration of liver cells.
The hypothesis that the regulation of liver cell regeneration is triggered by the critical mass of the cells has been examined. However, examination of the steps in the mathematical formulation of this hypothesis as well as the experimental work performed in our laboratory and elsewhere concerning the proliferation and the volume of hepatocytes following partial hepatectomy does not support this hypothesis.
Animals↗
Electrical sizing of liver cell nuclei by the particle beam method. Mean volume, volume distribution and electrical resistance.
Electrical sizing of liver cell nuclei gives similar results as histological techniques for the mean volume, the volume distribution and the proportions of the different nuclear volume populations. The electrical method has, compared to histological technics, however, the advantage of higher rapidity and accuracy. Due to the good volume resolution of the improved electrical sizing method two populations of nuclei with different mean volumes can be distinguished in rat liver tissue besides di-, tetra- and octoploid cell nuclei. In addition to the volume distribution curves, the mean electrical resistance of isolated liver nuclei can be determined by the electrical sizing method. A newly developed micromehod provides enough cell nuclei for electrical sizing from only 10 mg liver tissue in a few minutes. This should enable the measurement of nuclear volume distribution curves of human biopsy material from the liver and gastrointestinal tract for diagnostic purposes on a larger scale.
Animals↗
Electromagnetically induced fluid streaming as a possible mechanism of the biomagnetic orientation of organisms.
The results show that both the direction and the intensity of the geomagnetic field can be sensed within the chamber of a Zeiss Cytopherometer. This suggests that electromagnetically induced fluid streaming might play a role in the perception of the geomagnetic field by organisms, although it is not clear at present in which organ the perception occurs. A basic requirement for such an organ would be an anisotropy of cells or cellular structures. The nervous system with its parallel axons, or specific cells associated with the nervous system, could thus be possible locations of the sensitivity towards magnetic fields.
Electromagnetic Fields↗
Demonstration of statistically significant correlations between 8 and 12 kHz atmospherics and sudden deafness.
In the last few years we have shown that atmospherics of different frequencies correlate with the onset of epileptic fits, heart infarcts and with the intensity of an inflammation reaction in rats. Now we show that sudden deafnesses are related (multiple R2 - 0.08) with the onset of 12 kHz in the first part of the day before the sudden deafness and the absence of 8 kHz in the first part of the day of this event.
Electromagnetic Phenomena↗
Dependence of a sleeping parameter from the N-S or E-W sleeping direction.
In an earlier study it was shown that an isotonic salt solution within a measuring chamber of a cytopherometer is rotating caused by Lorentz forces, if the magnetic earth field crosses the electric field in the chamber. This may be a model of the ability of certain higher organisms to recognize the direction of the magnetic earth field. The topic of this study was the possible effect of the magnetic earth field in humans. It is shown that the duration of REM latency is influenced by the position of sleepers in N-S or E-W direction: it is shortened in E-W direction (p = 0.02).
Adult↗
Effect of pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile (PCN) on rat liver.
One time i.p. injections of 5 -20 mg Pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile (PCN) effects the mitotic activity of rat liver cells during a time period of 24 hours to be 20 times higher than the normal mitotic rate. This, however, does not result in an measurable increase of cell numbers and cell volumes. Furthermore, total liver DNA, RNA, protein and dry-weight remain unchanged. The injection of 7 times 10 mg PCN also results in the elevation of the mitotic rate. Return of the elevated mitotic rate to base level takes 18 days from the time the last injection of PCN was administered. During this time the number and the average volume of liver cells increases by 28% and 30%, respectively. The dry weight of liver and tetraploid nuclei increase in number, whereas RNA- and protein content remains unchanged. All parameters have reached the base line after 4 - 6 weeks following the last injection of PCN. No histological changes were observed after multiple doses of PCN that cause hyperplasia and hypertrophy of liver tissue. Hypertrophy of liver cells follows the observed hyperplasia and therefore is not expected to be the cause of the hyperplastic processes.
Animals↗