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Biomedical subjects

G Rumi

Publications and source records attributed to G Rumi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Membrane-bound, ATP-dependent energy systems and tissue hypoxia in human gastric mucosa.

1. The biochemical measurements of gastric mucosal ATP, ADP, AMP and cAMP offer excellent information on the extent of tissue oxygenation, when the observations are taken simultaneously from the same tissue sample. 2. Adenosine triphosphate is split by membrane-bound enzymes in two directions (to ADP and cAMP), while ADP and cAMP transform to AMP, supplying further energy liberation. 3. The liberated free energy modifies physiologically or pathophysiologically the functions of target organ cells. 4. Different drugs, hormones and mediators, have different effects on the regulation of ATP breakdown (into ADP vs cAMP). 5. The actual tissue level of ATP is a consequence of the equilibrium between the directions of ATP-ADP and ATP-cAMP breakdown, as well as of ATP resynthesis. 6. The biochemical measurement of the reduction in gastric mucosal ATP alone is not enough proof for the existence of tissue hypoxia, because demonstration of the simultaneous elevation of tissue lactate is also necessary.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1999

Difference between the effect of acute and chronic surgical vagotomy on the cytoprotective action of atropine against indomethacin-induced mucosal lesions on the gastrointestinal tract in rats.

The cytoprotective effect of a small dose of atropine was proved against the indomethacin (IND)-caused gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal damage. This protective effect of atropine disappeared in the acute phase of surgical vagotomy (ASV) on the vagally-innervated parts of GI tract. The aims of our observations were: 1) to examine the effect of chronic surgical vagotomy (CSV) on the cytoprotective action of atropine in the GI tract; and 2) to compare the effects of ASV and CSV on the GI cytoprotection caused by atropine against IND-induced mucosal damage and vascular permeability in rats. The IND was given s.c. 24 h prior to the killing of the animals in a dose of 20 mg x kg(-1). Bilateral surgical vagotomy or sham operation were carried out 24 h (ASV) or 14 d (CSV) before IND-application. Atropine was given i.p. every 5 h after IND-treatment in a dose of 0.1 mg x kg(-1). The number of macroscopical mucosal ulcerations was noted and its severity was calculated by semiquantitative scale in the stomach, small intestine and three equal parts of colon. Vascular permeability was measured by Evans-blue leakage into the mucosal tissue. It has been found that: 1) Tte small dose of atropine significantly decreased the IND-induced mucosal damage and vascular permeability on the stomach, small intestine and the vascular permeability on the proximal colon; 2) the small dose of atropine did not cause any changes in the appearance of IND-induced mucosal lesions and in Evans blue concentration in the mucosa after ASV, but it significantly decreased the IND-caused mucosal damage and Evans blue concentration in the mucosa of stomach, small intestine and proximal colon after CSV; 3) the IND-induced mucosal damage and vascular permeability treated with atropine (given in cytoprotective dose) were significantly smaller after CSV than that after ASV on the stomach, small intestine and proximal colon. It has been concluded that the intact vagal nerve has an essential role in the appearance of cytoprotective mechanisms of atropine in GI tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Decrease in serum levels of vitamin A and zeaxanthin in patients with colorectal polyp.

OBJECTIVE: Several retrospective and prospective epidemiological investigations have demonstrated that a diet rich in carotenoids could prevent the development of pre-cancerous and neoplastic lesions of the digestive tract. The aim of this examination was to analyse the correlation between colorectal polyps with different histological classifications and serum carotenoid levels. DESIGN AND METHODS: A 10 ml blood sample was taken from all of the patients after the colonoscopic diagnosis. The serum levels of vitamin A, lutein, zeaxanthin, alpha- and beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha- and beta-carotene were measured in patients with adenomatous colorectal polyp (n = 59, 35 males, 24 females) by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and compared with those in healthy subjects (n = 20, 10 males, 10 females). The patients were separated into four groups depending on their histological findings. RESULTS: The serum levels of vitamin A and zeaxanthin were significantly lower in all patients with polyps (vitamin A: 0.913 +/- 0.112 micromol/l, zeaxanthin: 0.071 +/- 0.012 micromol/l) than in the control healthy group (vitamin A: 2.036 +/- 0.354 micromol/l, zeaxanthin: 0.138 +/- 0.048 micromol/l). The lowest levels were found in patients with focal adenocarcinoma in the polyp. There were no significant differences in the serum levels of other carotenoids. The serum levels of cholesterol, haemoglobin, total protein and albumin were normal in these patients. CONCLUSIONS: There are close and inverse correlations between the serum level of carotenoids and colorectal polyps with different histological grades. The low mean carotenoid levels in patients with adenocarcinoma in the polyp indicate that deficiency of carotenoids may be an important factor in the development of colorectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Pulpo-dentin protection: the biocompatibility of materials most commonly used in restorative work. A literature review.

The complexity and importance of the biological structures that form the so-called pulpal dentinal complex call for considerable accuracy during restorative procedures. In practice this means accurate techniques and appropriate dental materials, able to combine protective and restorative qualities, and above all, offering biocompatibility. In order to analyze this property, a number of international studies suggest the use of sequential tests divided into three different levels: initial tests, secondary tests and usage tests in the form of in vivo and in vitro tests to observe and simulate the biological reactions to dental materials used in particular tissues. The authors publish a review of the literature regarding the biocompatibility of intermediate materials regarded as useful aids in restorative dental practice; these include paints, liners and cavity bases made from Ca(OH)2, ZOE cements, zinc phosphate, polycarboxylic compounds, glass ionomers, bonding agents and mordents. The chemical, biological, clinical and utilization parameters are outlined for each compound, paying special attention to the problem of biocompatibility and indicating the pulpal reactions reported over the past decade in connection with their use. In conclusion, while waiting for a standard international document to codify evaluation methods and classify the results obtained, these experimental data can be used to programme a more correct and safer use of materials.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1998

[Magnetic resonance cholangiography: our first experience].

Magnetic resonance cholangiography is a new field of clinical application within MR imaging, enabling high-quality imaging on disorders of the pancreaticobiliary system. This cross-sectional imaging technique is, by means of postprocessing, suitable for the production of reconstruction images appropriate for comparison with endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. The quality of the images thus obtained is dependent upon the level of development of the technology and software available. Observations arising from authors initial examinations using 2D fast spin echo sequence are summarised.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1995

[Chronic IgM mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis].

In their ten years renal biopsy material authors found nine cases of chronic glomerulonephritides with predominantly IgM deposition in the mesangium which reach the diagnosis of IgM nephropathy. This paper on the basis of a typical case deal with the immunopathology, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Selenium supplementation with bread].

Bread produced with selenium-enriched yeast was given to ten volunteers. The daily dose contained approximately 100 micrograms of selenium. The subjects' mean baseline whole blood selenium concentration (52.2 +/- 16.7 micrograms/l) was indicative of a suboptimal selenium status. After two weeks of supplementation, the subjects' mean whole blood selenium level increased significantly (to 66.1 +/- 11.9 micrograms/l). Supplementation of selenium-enriched bread seems to be an easily implementable and promptly acting method of selenium status improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment of recurrence and complications following non-surgical management of cholelithiasis].

The authors performed cholecystectomy on 9 patients either while on oral BAT, or after the termination of oral BAT. Five cases of the operation were due to hydrops, 3 cases due to obstructive cholecystitis, and one case due to contraction of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. Two patients underwent operation after PTCL, while one patient was operated on after ESWL. In all 12 cases serious adhesions were noticed around the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy was made complicated by the fact that in 11 cases there was cicatrized thickening of the wall of the gallbladder: one of the cases was even coupled with Mirizzi syndrome. After ESWL, the wall of the gallbladder did not thicken, however the adhesions left impressions on the hepatic duct which caused diagnostic problems. In ten cases, micro-, and in two cases mini-laparotomy was employed. The patients were discharged from hospital 24-72 hours after cholecystectomy. It is obvious that after the non operative treatment of cholelithiasis, with the preservation of the gallbladder, the reoccurrence of the gallstones is always coupled with complications which then render cholecystectomy more difficult to perform. In such cases the gallbladder is much more safely removed by employing micro- and modern mini-laparotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Selenium in the blood of patients with colorectal cancer and neoplastic polyp.

Samples of whole blood were obtained from 51 patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer as well as from 76 patients with neoplastic colorectal polyp, and from 30 healthy blood bank donors. Selenium was determined by the fluorimetric method. Significantly decreased selenium concentrations of blood samples from patients with colorectal cancer and villous adenoma were found. There was not any correlation between the blood selenium levels of patients with adenomatous polyp and the severity of dysplasia in removed polyps. The lowest mean selenium level in patients with villous adenoma indicates that selenium deficiency may be an important factor in the development of colorectal cancer arising from villous adenomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[Amalgam fillings and T-lymphocyte changes].

Dental amalgam and nickel alloys have been considered quite safe. Previous authors reported the effect of dental amalgam and nickel alloys on human T-lymphocytes modifications after amalgam dental fillings, into dose-dependence of any modifications and into possible temporary. Eight patients were subjected to dental care with amalgam dental fillings. Drawings of blood were executed at start, fifteen days after late fillings and two months later. The results about modifications of T-lymphocytes were not univocal. We believe, at now, that temporary modifications of the immunity seem to be related to a cytotoxic mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Variations in the taste function of smokers].

Cigarette smoke is linked to many pathologies and also affects a very important aspect of human physiology that is taste. In fact already in the past years, researchers have worked on this phenomenon and have come to the conclusion that smoke influences the perception of bitter taste. In our study we researched the detection and identification threshold in thirty smokers, for the citric acid, quinine, sodium chloride and saccharose, and it turned out that smokers suffer a raise in quinine identification and sodium chloride detection and identification threshold. On the basis of the results obtained with sodium chloride, a theory on hypertension etiopathogenesis is suggested.

Adult↗