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Biomedical subjects

G Ruoff

Publications and source records attributed to G Ruoff.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Comparison of long-term safety of ketorolac tromethamine and aspirin in the treatment of chronic pain.

A double-blind, randomized trail was conducted in 823 patients who required long-term analgesic therapy for chronic pain such as that caused by osteoarthritis, fibromyopathies or fibromyalgias, other nonarticular chronic soft tissue pain syndromes, or headaches. The safety and analgesic efficacy of ketorolac tromethamine 10 mg 4 times a day as needed was compared with that of aspirin 650 mg 4 times a day as needed. The primary emphasis of this 52-week study was on evaluating the safety of the drugs. Patients returned to the clinics at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 28, 36, 44, and 52 weeks for assessments of safety and efficacy. Both patients' and investigators' evaluations of overall efficacy and safety favored ketorolac over aspirin. The probability of early withdrawal from the study was significantly higher with aspirin than with ketorolac, primarily because of lack of efficacy. Early withdrawal for safety-related reasons alone was similar for those taking aspirin and ketorolac.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Oncologic therapy at home: a trial model].

In the course of a trial investigation, 162 patients with malignant tumour were treated in their home between November 1986 and August 1988. A team - consisting of doctor, nurse and psychologist - was the link between patient, family practitioner, tumour centre and social services in an integrated treatment regimen. Chemotherapy was performed at home in 64 patients, artificial parenteral or enteral nutrition in 22. Home treatment was undertaken in 23 patients in the endstage of their illness and in 49 patients after mutilating cancer operations. The complication rate of home treatment was only 0.5%. Rehospitalization became necessary in some, especially because of complications of the underlying disease, which required extension of the treatment. With this regimen patients were able to remain at home for 84% of required treatment time (7921 patient days).

Aged↗
PubMed1989

ACE inhibitors and diuretics. The benefits of combined therapy for hypertension.

Hypertension and its consequences continue to threaten the health of as many as 60 million Americans. Effective control of blood pressure can be achieved in some patients with a single agent and in many of the remainder with combination therapy. The ideal combination regimen is one that is at least as effective as a single agent, has minimal or no side effects, has a wide therapeutic index, is simple to administer, and is effective in a wide variety of patient populations. When used in combination, the thiazide diuretics and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors have been shown to improve blood pressure reduction over either drug used alone. In addition, the combination is effective in a wide range of patient populations (blacks and whites, young and old) and is accompanied by fewer adverse metabolic effects than the thiazides alone. Finally, the combination has a more positive impact on quality of life than other combinations involving the thiazide diuretics.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Experiences in home care of cancer patients. A new approach in cancer nursing.

As a result of mutilating operative procedures, aggressive cytotoxic chemotherapy and terminal stage of the disease, tumor patients face frequent visits to the tumor center. They are often hospitalized and thereby excluded from family and home. To enable cancer therapy and supportive care on an ambulatory basis, a team consisting of two physicians, two nurses and one psychologist was settled in our department in November 1986. The purpose of this team was to transfer several oncological treatment modalities from the hospital to the homes of the patients. Apart from organizing the patients' discharge from the hospital and coordinating treatment, the main task of the team has been to follow the patient during the course of the disease and give psycological support. In our experience the possibility of home care has clearly improved the patients' quality of life.

Home Care Services↗
PubMed1988

Comparative evaluation of gastrointestinal intolerance produced by plain and tri-buffered aspirin tablets.

Two multi-investigator, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trials were conducted to determine whether tri-buffered formulations of both regular strength aspirin and extra strength aspirin would be less likely than plain aspirin to provoke subjective gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance. Each trial was divided into two phases, a qualification phase and a test phase. During the qualification phase, subjects with a history of gastrointestinal intolerance to aspirin were randomized to a double-blind crossover treatment with aspirin and placebo (325 mg aspirin per tablet in study 1 and 500 mg aspirin per tablet in study 2), two tablets four times a day for 3 days or until the occurrence of stomach upset. Subjects who reported gastrointestinal symptoms with aspirin and not with placebo qualified to participate in the test phase of the study. They were rerandomized to participate in a three-way crossover study of plain aspirin, tri-buffered aspirin, and placebo in the test phase. Tri-buffered aspirin was associated with an appreciable reduction in the incidence of gastrointestinal upset relative to plain aspirin, 34 percentage points in study 1 (p less than 0.001) and 33 percentage points in study 2 (p less than 0.001). Similar results were obtained in the evaluation of the reduction of the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Home treatment of cancer: experiences with ambulatory intra-arterial chemotherapy of liver metastases].

We have attempted to determine how far it would be feasible to administer intraarterial chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases on a domiciliary basis. Care of the patients was in the hands of a permanent team consisting of a doctor, a nurse and a psychologist. So far 43 patients have been treated this way. An increased complication rate has not been found during the 225 chemotherapy cycles carried out to date. The median survival of the patients was 14 months, with enhanced quality of life through chemotherapy performed at home.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of withdrawal of terazosin therapy in patients with hypertension.

The effect of withdrawal of terazosin therapy in patients with mild to moderate hypertension was assessed in two double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. All patients had demonstrated a stable blood pressure response to terazosin prior to withdrawal of the drug. Patients were randomly assigned either to continue treatment with terazosin at a previously established dose that had brought blood pressure under control (dose range: 1 to 40 mg daily) or to receive a matching placebo. At the end of a six- or eight-week withdrawal period, placebo-treated patients experienced mean increases of 7.3 and 12.4 mm Hg in supine diastolic blood pressure (studies M81-020 and M81-028 site 1, respectively). These increases were significantly greater than those observed for patients who continued to receive terazosin. Similar results were observed in other blood pressure variables. Withdrawal of terazosin was accompanied by a significant weight loss (2.8 and 3.6 pounds in studies M81-020 and M81-028, respectively). There were no clinically significant changes in pulse rates, physical examinations, laboratory test results, or electrocardiograms. Headache was the most common adverse experience reported by those who received placebo during the drug withdrawal period. These studies demonstrate that withdrawal of terazosin therapy is associated with an increase in supine diastolic blood pressure, often to hypertensive levels, without signs of a withdrawal syndrome.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

Comparative trials of terazosin with other antihypertensive agents.

The efficacy and safety of terazosin were compared with those of other antihypertensive drugs in three parallel-group, randomized, double-blind studies in which 133 patients with mild to moderate hypertension participated. In two studies, terazosin monotherapy was compared with placebo and prazosin (study M79-073), or with hydrochlorothiazide (study M80-012). In a third study (M80-013), the combination of terazosin plus hydrochlorothiazide was compared with the combination of prazosin plus hydrochlorothiazide. Doses of study medications were administered twice daily and were increased at weekly intervals until the average supine diastolic blood pressure was 90 mm Hg or less, with a decrease from baseline of at least 10 mm Hg, or until the maximum specified dosage of a given study drug was reached. In general, all active treatments resulted in significant decreases from baseline in supine and standing blood pressures. There was no significant difference between terazosin- and prazosin-treated patients for changes from baseline to the final visit in supine or standing blood pressure measurements (study M79-073). Hydrochlorothiazide had a significantly greater effect on supine diastolic blood pressure when compared with terazosin (study M80-012). Otherwise, there were no significant differences between active treatment groups. Overall, no regimen caused clinically important changes in pulse rates, body weights, laboratory test results, physical examinations, or electrocardiograms. The incidence of side effects was approximately the same for all drugs; the most common side effects were headache, dizziness, malaise, asthenia, and nasal congestion. The results of these studies suggest that terazosin exhibits antihypertensive activity that is quantitatively similar to that of prazosin in patients with mild to moderate hypertension, and that a dose of 1 to 10 mg twice daily is well tolerated.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Colestipol hydrochloride for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in a family practice: five-year study.

Colestipol hydrochloride (Colestid) lowered the serum cholesterol level significantly more than did placebo in hypercholesterolemic patients (21 colestipol, 19 placebo) treated for up to 5 years. In the 21 colestipol-treated patients, the average decrease in serum cholesterol levels was 19 percent during the first year and 23 percent during the second through fifth years. Seven patients (age range, 44 to 59 years) took colestipol for the full 5 years. The data showed a consistent lowering of the serum cholesterol level. The only side effect was constipation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Ibuprofen and visual function. Prospective evaluation.

Eye evaluations before and after 24 weeks of treatment with either ibuprofen (Motrin) or aspirin did not show eye toxicity with either drug in a double-blind study of 78 patients with osteoarthritis. The possibility of eye complications resulting from ibuprofen therapy suggested in two earlier reports has not been confirmed in clinical usage in other countries or in clinical trials in the United States.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cholesterol-lowering effect of colestipol hydrochloride given twice daily in hypercholesterolemic patients.

In a randomized design study in 66 hypercholesterolemic patients, dosages of 10 g of colestipol HCl twice daily lowered serum cholesterol an average of 19% more than placebo therapy. These results are comparable to those in other studies in which the same total daily dose was given in three or four doses. The most common side effect was constipation, reported by 6 patients on colestipol HCl and 3 patients on placebo. No untoward systemic reactions or abnormal laboratory data were seen except for a slight rise in serum alkaline phosphatase during colestipol HCl therapy. The drug was well accepted by most patients.

Adolescent↗