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Biomedical subjects

G S Braut

Publications and source records attributed to G S Braut.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[The value basis of future medicine].

The aim of this article is to propose a way of structuring the values that should constitute the basis of future medical practice, starting with the values that are common in contemporary medical practice. First, medicine must acknowledge that human worth is inviolable. This leads to activities aimed at strengthening autonomy as well as protecting the weak and vulnerable aspects of human life. Second, medicine must be based on sound professional practice. Medical knowledge should be developed by scientific means, but not only by biomedical methods. The fundamentally stochastic nature of medicine must be acknowledged. The third set of values relates to equity in the access to medical care. Services for the weakest among us should have high priority. Finally, medical practice has to be predictable and transparent.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1999

[Health services--a system with a variety of objectives].

The article presents the objectives of the Norwegian health care system as they have been outlined in governmental publications from 1672 to 1999. A model for analysis of objectives is presented. Concern for the patient, estimated medical needs in society and administrative guidelines are common elements in the set of objectives through the period. Effective use of resources became a concern at the end of the period. The stated objectives of the health care systems of Norway are more concerned with the health care system than with health in itself. The model for analysis uses the concepts of mercy, benefit, order and profit for providers to classify the various objectives. Evaluated by this model, the main objectives seem to have been surprisingly stable throughout the period covered by the study, though the concept of benefit seems to become a more important consideration during later decades.

Health Services↗
PubMed1982

Interaction of hydroflumethiazide and 2,4-disulfamyl-5-trifluoromethylaniline with cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and carbonic anhydrase.

The inhibitory effect of hydroflumethiazide (HFT) and its metabolite, 2,4-disulfamyl-5-trifluoromethylaniline (DTA) on cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase and the binding of HFT and DTA to carbonic anhydrase was studied in vitro. Significant inhibition of rat kidney low-Km cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase was observed with DTA concentration above 2.5 X 10(-4) mol/l and with HFT concentration above 1 X 10(-4) mol/l. 50% inhibition was observed at a DTA concentration of 1 X 10(-3) mol/l. Binding of DTA and HFT to commercially obtained bovine erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase was demonstrated by equilibrium dialysis. Data were consistent with one class of binding sites. The product of n (number of binding sites) and Kass (association constant) was 5 X 10(5) M for DTA and 3.3 X 10(4) M for HFT at 2 degrees. In human blood in vitro at 37 degrees, the equilibrium erythrocyte/plasma concentration ratio was 18 for DTA and 1.6 for HFT. It is concluded that HFT and DTA have approximately the same potency as cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors, whereas DTA is more extensively bound by erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗