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Biomedical subjects

G S Liptak

Publications and source records attributed to G S Liptak.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

An analysis of waiting times in a pediatric emergency department.

Waiting times in a pediatric emergency department were studied using direct observations of patients and health providers on 14 separate days. The mean waiting time (from entry to first physician contact) of the 216 children studied was 49 minutes. Time spent in the waiting room was increased by both the nonavailability of a nurse and the nonavailability of an examining room, and was decreased by the severity of the patient's illness. Time spent in the examination room waiting for the physician was related to the availability of the physician and the number of patients concurrently registered in the emergency department as well as the severity of their complaint. Recommendations for decreasing waiting time, based on the observations, are made. Although each setting is unique, the study provides a model for the analysis of waiting patterns in similar facilities.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Enhancing infant development and parent-practitioner interaction with the Brazelton Neonatal Assessment Scale.

Studies performed in low socioeconomic populations have shown that the demonstration of a newborn's developmental capacity to his mother during the first few days post partum enhances subsequent mother-infant interactions. This study was undertaken to determine whether demonstrating the Brazelton Neonatal Assessment Scale to white middle-class mothers would result in similar outcomes. Mothers of 75 neonates were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or to one of two control groups. Direct observation, subjective assessment of mother-infant interactions, and maternal questionnaires were used 1 and 3 months later to assess outcomes on several dimensions. Mothers in the experimental group spent more time playing with, talking to, and looking at their infants than did those in either control group, and were less likely to use feeding as a method of interacting with their infants. Experimental group mothers also were more likely to ask developmentally related questions. However, no differences were found in most indices of maternal-infant interaction used. The results of this study and a review of the literature indicate that the recommendation that such a demonstration be performed with all neonates must be weighed against the other methods available for enhancing infant development and healthy parent-child interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Behavioral problems in deaf children: methodologic and theoretical considerations.

Problems in methodologic and theoretical approaches to the study of behavioral problems in deaf children are discussed. The most serious and prevalent methodologic deficiencies include inaccurate definitions, poor operationalization of "deafness," and the use of inadequate comparison groups. Many of the theories developed to explain findings in this area fail to consider individual differences among the children and/or their environments. Suggestions are presented with the goal of encouraging more exactness in methodology and the development of an electric theoretical approach to research in this area. It is argued that a valid understanding of the occurrence and "causes" of behavioral problems in this group, based on sound methodology, is essential to logical decision making and to any attempts at intervention.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Helping adolescents who have disabilities negotiate transitions to adulthood.

Adolescents who have disabilities face unique challenges as they progress through the transitions necessary to achieve optimum functioning in adulthood. These youths often need professional assistance to successfully negotiate these important transitions. Our article describes processes for collaborating with these adolescents, their families, and other professionals to facilitate successful transitions to a more healthy, productive, and satisfying adulthood.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ventriculoperitoneal shunts in children: factors affecting shunt survival.

The survival of ventriculoperitoneal cerebrospinal fluid shunts inserted during the past 11 years at the University of Rochester was reviewed. Half the shunts inserted failed by 23 months after insertion, although shunt survival has improved since 1981. Shunt survival was found to be affected by etiology. For example, children with neural tube defects had longer shunt survival than children with hydrocephalus from other etiologies. Children whose shunts were inserted prior to their first birthday, and children whose shunts were inserted when they weighed less than 3,000 g, had worse shunt survival. The manner in which factors such as age, weight and etiology affect shunt survival are uncertain, yet it is clear that children with hydrocephalus are a heterogeneous group. Studies that fail to consider this heterogeneity may result in invalid conclusions.

Age Factors↗