Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G S Rose.
Investigated various demographic correlates of locus of control orientation in 123 male alcoholics. The social functioning of alcoholics was associated significantly with locus of control. It was suggested that conflicting results among similar studies probably are due to the differing social or demographic characteristics of the samples that were used.
Postsplenectomy leukocytosis and thrombocytosis are common findings in trauma patients. The intent of this study is to describe postsplenectomy hematologic changes in gynecological oncology surgery and subsequent chemotherapy. We performed a retrospective record review of gynecological oncology patients at our institutions. Postsurgical hematologic changes, infectious morbidity, and pre- and post-chemotherapy hematologic changes were noted. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. We identified 27 patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery with splenectomy. Thirteen patients with splenectomy had postoperative chemotherapy data available, and we matched these patients with 13 control patients who underwent cytoreduction surgery without splenectomy and postoperative chemotherapy. Nine of the 27 splenectomy patients had documented infectious morbidity. There was a significant difference in postoperative platelet counts between the infected and the noninfected splenectomy patients (P= 0.037), and a significant difference between splenectomy and control patients for white blood cell (WBC) counts (P = 0.007). Patients with splenectomy had higher precycle WBC, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), platelet counts, and higher postcycle nadir levels in all cycles compared to control patients. There was a significant overall difference between splenectomy patients and controls with regard to WBC (P = 0.001), ANC (P = 0.005), and platelet counts (P = 0.016) during chemotherapy cycles. Median postchemotherapy nadir WBC was 4.4 (range: 3.4-4.8) for the splenectomy group versus 2.8 (range: 2.5-3.0) for the control group. Median postchemotherapy nadir ANC was 1800 (range: 1320-2450) for the splenectomy group and 1001 (range: 864-1064) for the control group. Median postchemotherapy nadir platelet count was 222 (range: 181-277) for the splenectomy patients and 169 (range 164-215) for the control patients. In conclusion, the patients who undergo splenectomy as part of cytoreductive surgeries have a statistically significant leukocytosis and insignificant thrombocytosis relative to the control patients. Leukocytosis alone is not an accurate indicator of infection. Splenectomy is not associated with an increased risk of chemotherapy-related neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the use of D-methionine(D-met) as a cytoprotectant in the context of clinically relevant doses of cisplatin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty five Fischer rats were injected intraperitoneally with 10(6) NuTu-19 cells and treated as follows: group 1 was the control group and received no treatment, group 2 received cisplatin 4 mg/kg and group 3 received cisplatin 4 mg/kg plus D-met. There were two groups that received high dose cisplatin. Group 4 received cisplatin 8 mg/kg and group 5 received cisplatin 8 mg/kg plus D-met. Treatment was initiated four weeks after injection of the NuTu-19 cells, and consisted of four weekly intraperitoneal injections. Serum BUN and creatinine levels in the high dose groups evaluated nephrotoxicity and clinical outcome was measured by mean survival using Kaplan Meier analysis. RESULTS: There were no significant elevations in serum BUN or creatinine levels in any of the rats treated with high dose cisplatin. In the animals given cisplatin 8 mg/kg plus D-met, death from toxicity was prevented and all animals completed four treatments. In contrast, only two animals in group 4 (cisplatin 8 mg/kg alone) completed 4 treatments. There was a significant improvement in survival for the animals given D-met. (p = .0001) In all treated groups except for group 4, there was an improvement in survival compared to the control group. When comparing groups 2 and 3 (4 mg/kg +/- D-met), there was a subjective decrease in tumor response for group 3 but mean survival was not statistically different. (91 vs. 81 days; p = 0.07) A comparison of groups 2 and 5 revealed no survival benefit using high dose cisplatin with D-met. (91 vs. 79 days; p = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that D-methionine provides cytoprotection against cisplatin toxicity without significant compromise of antitumor activity. All though D-methionine allowed for significant dose intensification of cisplatin above standard doses, there was no survival advantage noted in this group of animals. The indications for its use in the treatment of ovarian cancer remain to be determined.