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Biomedical subjects

G Sagar

Publications and source records attributed to G Sagar.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The relation of alcohol consumption to cardiovascular risk factors and stroke. The west Birmingham stroke project.

The disputed relation between recent alcohol consumption and stroke was examined in a community case control study. One hundred and twenty five incident first time stroke patients and 198 controls, aged 35 to 74 years, were recruited over two years from a general practice population. The age and sex adjusted relative risks for stroke by recent weekly "drinks" of alcohol were; 0-1.0 (reference), 1 to 14-0.57, 15 to 29-0.63, and > 29-0.99. Among the controls it was noted that non-drinkers were more likely than light/moderate drinkers (1 to 29 drinks per week) to have the following characteristics; history of obesity (p < 0.001), not a recent walker (p < 0.05), and no vigorous exercise in early adulthood (p < 0.01). The apparent association of light and moderate alcohol consumption with decreased stroke risk disappeared when these variables were included in the multiple risk factor adjusted analysis; 0-1.0, 1 to 14-0.88, 15 to 29-1.11, and > 29-1.23. The pattern for proved cerebral infarction (n = 81) was similar. The results of this study do not support the idea that recent heavy alcohol consumption is an important cause of either overall stroke or cerebral infarction. The association of non-drinking with a history of overweight and inactivity may explain the apparent protective effect of lighter alcohol consumption on the risks of both stroke and coronary heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Electrically evoked isometric and isokinetic properties of the triceps surae in young male subjects.

The relationship between electrically evoked isometric and isokinetic properties of the triceps surae have been studied in 11 healthy male subjects. The results showed that the time to peak tension (TPT) and half relaxation time (1/2 RT) of the maximal twitch were 110 +/- 11 ms and 82 +/- 11 ms respectively, and the peak rates of rise of contraction (delta P50, delta P200) and relaxation (delta PR50, delta PR200) at 50 and 200 Hz were 0.36 +/- 0.07, 0.48 +/- 0.08 and 1.27 +/- 0.33, 1.25 +/- 0.27% Po ms-1 respectively. The decline in force during a fatigue test was significantly (P less than 0.02) associated with the decrease in maximal relaxation rate (r = 0.79). The TPT was significantly (P less than 0.05) and inversely related to delta P50 and delta P200. The mean angle specific torque-velocity relationship for the 11 subjects was adequately described by the empirical exponential equation of the form: V = 16.5 (e-P/30.8-e-84.3/30.8) where V = velocity (rads s-1) and P = torque (Nm). The only significant association found between the isometric and isokinetic properties of the muscle was between delta PR200 and the torque expressed at a given velocity of 4 rads s-1. This lack of association between the two variables is difficult to explain with certainty but it is suggested that it may be due to the differential effects of Ca2+ release and uptake and cross-bridge turnover rate in the two situations.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Electrically evoked isokinetic plantar flexor torque in males.

The involuntary angle-specific isokinetic plantar flexor torques of seven male subjects aged 18-21 yr were measured using a Cybex II dynamometer (Lumex) modified by the addition of a strain-gauge load cell to improve the dynamic response of the instrument. Supramaximal electrical stimuli were used to evoke a maximal tetanic response from the triceps surae and ensure constant muscle activation at each angular velocity studied. Angle-specific torques were measured over a range (0.5-5.0 rad/s) of preset velocities, torque decreasing in a nonlinear manner with increasing angular velocity. The torque-velocity data was adequately described by an exponential equation of the form: V = a(e-1/b - e-Po/b) where V = velocity (rad/s), P = torque (N.m), Po = isometric torque (N.m), and a and b are constants. The mean intrasubject coefficient of variation of torque over the range of velocities studies was 7.9 +/- 1.88% (SD).

Adult↗