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Biomedical subjects

G Sanders

Publications and source records attributed to G Sanders.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Fatal necrotizing fasciitis following suction-assisted lipectomy.

Forty-eight hours following extensive blunt suction lipectomy with 3,000 cc of tissue removed, a 36-year-old woman presented to an emergency room with necrotizing fasciitis of both lower extremities extending over the buttock and to the lower third of the back. Tissue cultures and blood culture grew out a pure culture of beta-hemolytic streptococci. The patient rapidly progressed into a comatose state and, despite extensive debridement and appropriate antibiotic therapy, in addition to hyperbaric oxygen treatments, she died on day 9 of her hospitalization (day 11 following the suction lipectomy). To our knowledge this is the first published mortality reported in the United States following this procedure.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

CO2 laser blepharoplasty: a comparison to cold steel and electrocautery.

Thirteen patients underwent blepharoplasty in a paired comparison study. A carbon dioxide laser was employed for one side while standard cold steel surgery and electrocautery was used on the contralateral side. In addition to reduced intraoperative time and bleeding, we found less postoperative ecchymosis and edema on the laser-treated side. Long-term follow-up showed no difference between the two sides when cosmetic end result and scars were compared.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Neuropsychological development of cognitive abilities: a new research strategy and some preliminary evidence for a sexual orientation model.

The organizing action that prenatal sex hormones exert on the brain has been implicated in the aetiology of sex differences in cognitive abilities and cerebral asymmetries. Prenatal sex hormones are known to determine neuroendocrine responses and subsequent adult sexual behaviour in nonhuman animals and these hormones may also influence human sexual orientation. To unify these observations, we elaborate a sexual orientation model of neuropsychological development which predicts that sex differences in neuroendocrine responses, cerebral asymmetries, and cognitive abilities are related to sexual orientation rather than to sex per se. A common problem in the study of sex differences is that biological and sociocultural explanations are confounded. The sexual orientation model suggests a new research strategy, the comparison of homosexual and heterosexual groups, for which explanations in terms of sociocultural factors would be more difficult to sustain. The available evidence supports the model: In terms of a neuroendocrine response, cerebral asymmetry, and cognitive abilities, homosexual males resemble heterosexual females rather than heterosexual males. Our conclusions lead to questions that further research in this area should address, and to a consideration of problems which such research may have to face.

Cognition↗
PubMed1986

Sexual orientation and visuo-spatial ability.

On the basis of a literature review it was concluded that sex differences in cognitive ability and the etiology of male homosexuality may have a common biological base, leading to the prediction that in terms of cognitive ability homosexual males (HmM) would resemble heterosexual females (HtF) rather than heterosexual males (HtM). This prediction was investigated using visuo-spatial tasks on which males are known to perform better than females. In Experiment 1 HtM performed better on a water level task than HmM and HtF whose performances did not differ significantly. A different version of the water level task and the Vincent Mechanical Diagrams Test were used in Experiment 2; on both tasks the HtM performed better than the HmM and the HtF whose performance did not differ significantly. The results are interpreted as support for a common biological determinant of cognitive ability and male sexual orientation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Analysis of canine urinary stones using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Infrared spectroscopic analysis of 741 canine urinary calculi revealed that struvite stones, 58% of the total, were the ones most commonly to be found. Cystine stone disease, 21%, is also of great significance for dogs, whereas calcium oxalate, urate and brushite calculi occur only seldom. 3 cases of xanthine stone formation were also noted. SEM examination revealed structures similar to human stones such as bipyramidal weddellite, pseudomorphs from whewellite to weddellite, apatite deposits in cystine stones and characteristic mono-ammonium-urate needles. Other, unknown, structures were also discovered such as closely-knit intergrowths of cystine and brushite strata, mono-Na-urate and mono-K-urate intergrowths and Ca-urate. Of particular interest are the various forms of xanthine from compact spherical to lance-shapes in sheath-like arrangement.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Experimental investigation of the genesis of struvite stones in cats.

Infrared spectroscopy of feline urinary stones revealed that struvite was the main constituent in 77.6% of all concrements. However, only in 30.8% (16/52) of struvite stone patients were any infections of the urinary tract detected. Scanning electron microscopical comparison of non-infected feline struvite stones and human struvite concrements which had grown in the presence of infection revealed clear differences. All the feline struvite concrements were of coarse crystalline construction with the crystalline form typical of struvite. Traces of partial solution and stratification were frequently detected on the crystalline surfaces. The human struvite stones whose growth had been accompanied by infection did not display these features; the predominant structures in these concrements revealed very little evidence of any ordered growth. Examination of the urine and calculation of the relative supersaturation showed that where physiological pH values and physiological concentrations of lithogenic substances were present sterile urine can become supersaturated with struvite. The morphological peculiarities of the feline concrements and the results of urinary analysis indicate slow crystalline growth rates. Phases of growth alternate with periods of stagnation. This process may be influenced by dietary factors. In contrast to this, struvite stone formation in the presence of infection is characterised by rapid growth in continually supersaturated urine.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of preoperative irradiation on healing of low colorectal anastomoses.

The effect of preoperative irradiation on the healing of low colorectal anastomoses was studied experimentally. In 12 dogs in whom preoperative irradiation of 4,000 rads was given before low colorectal stapled anastomosis was performed, anastomotic leakage occurred in 66 percent. More than half of the anastomotic leaks were associated with either severe sepsis or death. In a matched group of control animals that underwent stapled anastomoses without irradiation, no anastomotic complications occurred. The clinical implications of this study are that stapled anastomoses in irradiated colon are at serious risk of anastomotic dehiscence and, therefore, should be protected with a proximal colostomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerves and their association with a recurrent branch.

Seven cases of nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerves have been presented from a review of 1,000 consecutive thyroidectomies over a 20 year period. In two of these seven cases, both a nonrecurrent nerve and an additional recurrent branch were present on the right side. This double nerve presentation has not been described before. Unless one is aware of this possibility, one might inadvertently injure the major nonrecurrent trunk, having identified only a small recurrent branch. We emphasize the need for a complete nerve identification technique.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Emergency minilaparoscopy in abdominal trauma. An update.

In 106 cases of blunt abdominal trauma, the emergency minilaparoscope was used as a diagnostic tool. In 57 patients (53.5 percent), the findings proved to be negative. In 22 patients (20.8 percent), the laparoscopic findings were corroborated by exploration. But, in 27 instances (25.4 percent), minimal to moderate hemoperitoneum was found and the laparoscopic view indicated that these patients could be treated nonoperatively with close observation. None of these patients required subsequent exploration. There were no complications of laparoscopy which required surgical intervention. In our opinion, minilaparoscopy is more diagnostically accurate than lavage. It is a fast and safe examination which can be performed at the bedside with the patient under local anesthesia. The number of unnecessary abdominal explorations in severely injured patients can be reduced to a negligible figure, thus decreasing morbidity, hospitalization time, and costs.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1978

An analytic comparison of persons arrested for driving while intoxicated and alcohol detoxification patients.

This article presents findings on an analytic comparison of two groups of persons for whom alcohol is an identical clinical or social problem--247 patients currently under treatment in a detoxification unit in a general hospital and 118 individuals who had been arrested for driving while intoxicated (DWI) and were attending a DWI school. A systematic comparison of these two groups yielded several important, statistically significant differences and it becomes increasingly apparent that distinctions can be made that permit the identification of high-risk segments of the DWI population, facilitating early diagnosis and differential treatment modes.

Adult↗