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Biomedical subjects

G Sandor

Publications and source records attributed to G Sandor.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Cardiac responses to progressive exercise in normal children: a synthesis.

UNLABELLED: The cardiac responses to exercise are influenced by a complex interplay of changes in diastolic filling, intrinsic myocardial contractility, heart rate, and ventricular afterload. PURPOSE: To characterize these responses in children, findings are reported from two studies utilizing Doppler echocardiographic assessment of stroke volume and cardiac output during maximal upright and semisupine cycle exercise. METHODS: In study 1, stroke volume, heart rate, and peak aortic velocity were assessed during upright cycle exercise to exhaustion in 39 sixth-grade boys. In study 2, similar methods were used to examine cardiac responses to semisupine exercise with measurement of left ventricular dimensions by two-dimensional echocardiography. RESULTS: The findings support patterns similar to that previously described in adults, with an initial rise in stroke volume reaching a plateau at mild-moderate exercise intensities. CONCLUSIONS: The observations in these two studies also suggest 1) peripheral vasodilatation plays an important role in the early rise in stroke volume, 2) increasing heart rate acts to maintain a stable stroke volume and left ventricular diastolic dimension at high workloads, and 3) improvements in contractility serve to maintain stroke volume as the systolic ejection period shortens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Cardiovascular responses to exercise in children and adolescents with myocardial dysfunction.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to understand the expected hemodynamic responses to exercise in children and adolescents with myocardial dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS: With the use of Doppler and M-mode echocardiography, cardiovascular changes during maximal semisupine exercise in 11 patients (7 to 17 years old) with myocardial dysfunction were compared with those of a healthy control group (n = 11). Endurance fitness and mean values for maximal cardiac index, stroke index, heart rate, peak aortic velocity, and left ventricular shortening fraction were all significantly lower in the patients (P <.05). Stroke volume rose at the onset of exercise in both groups; whereas values were subsequently stable in the control subjects, stroke volume declined at high-intensity exercise in the patients. CONCLUSIONS: These findings imply that augmented myocardial contractility is necessary to sustain stroke volume during exercise. Moreover, the results suggest that pattern of stroke volume response to exercise may serve as a useful marker of myocardial function in children with heart disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Use of coral granules in the craniofacial skeleton.

Solid coral blocks have been used as a bone graft substitute in clinical orthopedics for more than 12 years. In this study, 36 patients with 54 craniofacial osseous contour defects received subperiosteal augmentations with natural coral granules made chiefly of calcium carbonate. The patients were followed for 12 to 36 months. The postoperative results were satisfactory; there were only 5 sites of clinically evident resorption. There were 2 incidences of wound irritation and 1 instance of overt infection. Technical aspects of the procedure are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Guidelines for cardiac monitoring of children during and after anthracycline therapy: report of the Cardiology Committee of the Childrens Cancer Study Group.

The anthracycline antibiotics, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, and the newer derivatives, are important components of many antineoplastic chemotherapeutic regimens. Their usefulness is limited by their cardiotoxicity. Sequential monitoring of cardiac function of patients undergoing chemotherapy allows identification of subclinical cardiotoxicity. In many patients monitoring can thus guide the modification of the chemotherapy to minimize cumulative cardiotoxicity, reducing acute and long-term clinical and subclinical sequelae. Such monitoring also aids in the comparison of cardiotoxicity produced by different drugs and different methods and schedules of drug administration. The considerable variability of monitoring regimens between institutions and in the literature has detracted from its usefulness. The Cardiology Committee of the Childrens Cancer Study Group has, therefore, reviewed the field and has formulated recommendations for standardized noninvasive monitoring of children during and immediately after chemotherapy and for the modification of the chemotherapy where indicated.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1991

Efficacy and safety of oral sotalol in early infancy.

Sotalol, a nonselective beta blocking agent with additional Class III activity has been shown to be extremely effective in the treatment of supraventricular tachycardias in adults and children. Little information is available on its use in infants. From August, 1985 to April, 1990, 18 infants, 2 months of age or less, were treated with oral sotalol for supraventricular arrhythmias. Their age ranged from a few hours to 2 months, mean 5 weeks, at the start of treatment. Weights were between 2.58-5 kg, mean 3.9 kg and dosage 2-4 mg/kg/24 hrs given in two equal doses, 12 hourly. Sixteen infants had structurally normal hearts, one had multiple cardiac rhabdomyomas, and one was postoperative Mustard procedure for transposition of the great arteries. Thirteen of 18 infants had reentrant forms of supraventricular tachycardia, six of these had overt preexcitation. Two infants had chaotic atrial tachycardia, two atrial flutter, and one with ectopic atrial tachycardia. Previous antiarrhythmic therapy had been unsuccessful in 12 patients. All infants, except one with chaotic atrial tachycardia, were successfully controlled with sotalol. Ten infants discontinued therapy between the ages of 7 and 18 months as it was felt to be no longer necessary. Mean duration of treatment was 12.8 months. Three had recurrences of their arrhythmia and were again successfully controlled by sotalol. Mild sinus bradycardia occurred in all infants. No other side effects were noted. Sotalol is an effective, safe drug for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardias in early infancy.

Digoxin↗
PubMed1981

[Comparative study of quantitative changes in serum proteins in human pathology (author's transl)].

Five proteins (albumin, orosomucoid, IgG, IgM and IgA) were assayed by simple radial immunodiffusion method in the sera of 345 healthy subjects and 5 000 patients suffering from some 200 different diseases. The results were analyzed by computer, and from concomitant changes in individual protein levels it was possible to divide the subjects into eleven groups, each group having a distinctive protein profile. These profiles are characteristic of either a disease (e.g. group VI for virus hepatitis, group VII for trypanosomiasis) or of a physiopathological process (e.g. group II for inflammation, group V for liver damage, group VIII for hypogammaglobulinaemia due to anabolic deficiency and group IX for the same condition due to passage of serum proteins into the extravascular compartment), or they have a prognostic value (e.g. group I).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Some serum protein studies in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

An auto-immune origin was postulated previously for ulcerative colitis. The present results do not support this hypothesis. Crohn's disease has been compared to sarcoidosis and lymphogranuloma venereum. Crohn's disease may be a virus infection coming from the bowel content. The virus may multiply, for instance, inside the submucosal lymphocytes.

Adult↗