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Biomedical subjects

G Scalise

Publications and source records attributed to G Scalise.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole in-vitro activity. A comparative study.

We compared in-vitro activity of fluconazole, itraconazole and ketoconazole by evaluating their Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) for 100 fungal strains isolated from different biological specimens of ARC/AIDS patients. A semisolid agar medium was used: this method is suitable for testing molds and yeasts, and can be applied to all azole antifungal drugs. Fluconazole had higher MICs than two other tested drugs, especially for Candida krusei strains; however it never had a MIC higher than 40 mg/l. Itraconazole and ketoconazole had MICs higher than 40mg/l for one Cryptococcus neoformans strain. There were no significant differences for itraconazole and ketoconazole among the tested strains.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1991

Clinical results of a multicenter study with sulbactam/ampicillin for the treatment of patients with lower respiratory and urinary tract infections.

A total of 124 patients with lower respiratory tract (44) or urinary tract infections (80) were enrolled in an open, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sulbactam/ampicillin, administered at the dosage of 3 g/die by intramuscular route. Pretreatment pathogens from patients with lower respiratory tract infections included: Streptococcus alpha-haemolyticus in 8 cases, Streptococcus beta-haemolyticus in 2 cases, Staphylococcus albus in 7 cases, Haemophilus influenzae in 7 cases, Staphylococcus aureus in 6 cases, Klebsiella oxytoca in 5 cases, Staphylococcus epidermidis in 3 cases, Streptococcus pneumoniae in 3 cases, Escherichia coli in 2 cases; in one subject (2.75%), no microorganisms were isolated. In vitro, 36 isolates (84%) were sensitive to SA and 7 (16%) were resistant. At the end of therapy, all the causative pathogens sensitive to sulbactam/ampicillin were eliminated. In patients with urinary tract infections, pretreatment pathogens were: E. coli in 40 cases, S. albus in 16 cases, Proteus mirabilis in 8 cases, Enterobacter agglomerans in 6 cases, Proteus vulgaris in 3 cases, Streptococcus faecalis in 3 cases, Streptococcus liquefaciens in 2 cases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 2 cases. In vitro, 64 isolates (80%) were sensitive to sulbactam/ampicillin and 16 (20%) were resistant. At the end of therapy, 63 out of the 64 pathogens sensitive to sulbactam/ampicillin were eliminated; in one case the therapy was interrupted due to adverse effect. Clinical efficacy: in subjects with lower respiratory tract infections, sulbactam/ampicillin cured 32 patients (72.72%) and ameliorated the clinical status of 8 patients (18.18%); efficacy rate: 90.9%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Epidemiological surveillance of staphylococcal resistance.

The aim of our investigation was to characterize better the possible changes in staphylococcal susceptibility to some antimicrobial agents. We considered the staphylococcal strains isolated between June 1986 and June 1989 and held responsible for proved bacterial infections. In this relatively short time we observed a moderate increase in methicillin resistance. Compared with methicillin-sensitive strains, methicillin-resistant isolates showed minor susceptibility to most antimicrobial agents; nevertheless, vancomycin, teicoplanin, cefamandole, imipenem, fluoroquinolones and netilmicin, according to our results, appear at present the most reliable antistaphylococcal antibiotics.

Drug Resistance, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

Rapid presumptive phenospecies identification of mesophilic aeromonads by testing for suicidal activity.

A new test combination for presumptive phenospecies identification of mesophilic aeromonads by testing for suicidal activity in conjunction with esculin hydrolysis and gas production from glucose was evaluated. Of 40 clinical isolates of Aeromonas tested statically at 30 degrees C, seven were identified as Aeromonas hydrophilia (non-suicidal, aerogenic, esculin positive), eight as Aeromonas sobria (suicide variable, mostly aerogenic, esculin negative), and 25 as Aeromonas caviae (suicidal, anaerogenic, esculin positive). The results corresponded exactly to those obtained with the conventional biochemical tests. The test combination was rapid and simple to perform.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1990

Imipenem/cilastatin treatment of acute infections in AIDS/ARC patients.

We studied the clinical efficacy and safety of imipenem, a broad spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic, in acute bacterial infections in 21 patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC). Imipenem/cilastatin was administered as a 30-min intravenous infusion using a dose of 500 mg/8 h. Bacterial pathogens were isolated before treatment in 80% of cases; 87.5% of all strains were susceptible to imipenem in vitro. Treatment resulted in rapid control of the infections in 80% of patients. Clinical and laboratory adverse reactions probably related to imipenem treatment were noted in 8 patients.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1987

A waterborne outbreak of leptospirosis.

During the period from July 10-26, 1984, 33 cases of serologically confirmed leptospirosis occurred in a small town in central Italy. The fatality rate, including the deaths of two unconfirmed cases, was 8.6% (3 of 35). Based on serologic evidence, the infection was caused by leptospires of the serogroup Australis. Epidemiologic study showed that the patients contracted the infection by drinking water from a fountain. The source of leptospiral contamination was probably a hedgehog trapped in a reservoir of water not in use but still connected to the water system of the fountain.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Anti-cytomegalovirus antibodies in Kaposi's sarcoma].

16 patients with Kaposi's Sarcoma were examined with in vitro tests for cellular immunity and with determination of antibody titres to Cytomegalovirus. It was stated that the Cytomegalovirus antibodies were related with new viral infections favoured by the immunosuppression.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Immune response in the course of Kaposi's sarcoma].

9 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma, not treated with immunosuppressant drugs, were studied. In the Kaposi's disseminated form an impaired function of T mediated immunity (Leukocytes migration inhibition for PHA and PPD and skin test for DNCB) was found. The number of T lymphocytes (E rosettes) was normal. In the Kaposi's initial form with multiple dermal plaques and nodules, these alterations of cellular immunity were absent. In 4 patients elevated titles of Cytomegalovirus antibodies were found. The occurrence of an impairment of cellular immunity only in the serious and disseminated Kaposi's form is emphasized by the Authors.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Cytogenic analysis in HBsAg positive subjects, healthy carriers and patients with acute-phase hepatitis].

A highly significant incidence, ranging from 3% to 20% of chromosomal stickiness and agglutination, has been found in 100% of patients with viral hepatitis HBsAg positive and, in lower grade, in carriers of HBsAg. Whereas, such a structural aberration does not occur in normal subjects. No statistical difference has been found as regard chromosomal fragmentation, presence of incisures and numerical anomalies. A possible role of the observed alterations for an impaired cellular immune function observed in healthy HBsAg carriers has been discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Immunogenetic factors in thalassemia and hepatitis B infection. A multicentre study.

Geographical variations in the prevalence of hepatitis B infection were found in association with an increased opportunity of exposure to this virus in patients with homozygous beta-thalassemia in Cyprus, Greece, Sardinia and the United Kingdom. No association was found between the Gm phenotype of the individuals investigated and susceptibility to hepatitis B virus using HBsAg as a marker, or the ability to make antibody to it. Variation in the distribution of Gm haplotypes does not appear to be a feasible explanation for variation in anti-HBs and HBsAg frequencies in a series of highly transfused populations.

Adolescent↗